Transcript Slide 1

Introduction
• Elaine Rossi of JSI and Catherine O’Brien of
The Manoff Group presented the following at the
Global Health Council Conference, May 2008.
• The project has had remarkable success in
community mobilization for health in Djibouti.
• PESCE is funded by USAID and implemented
by JSI. The Manoff Group is a subcontractor,
responsible for behavior change communication
and community mobilization.
From Five Villages
to a National Policy:
Community Mobilization
in Djibouti
Dr. Stanislas Nebie, Chief of Party, PESCE, JSI
Dr. Chehem Watta, Senior Advisor, Ministry of Health, Djibouti
Dekha Hadi, Social Mobilization Assistant, PESCE
Catherine O’Brien, Senior Technical Advisor, The Manoff Group
Elaine Rossi, Senior Technical Advisor, JSI
Expanded Coverage of Essential Health Services in Djibouti Project (PECSE)
The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the US
Agency for International Development or the US Government.
Country Context: 2004
• Population: ~800,000
• Size of US state of
Massachusetts
• Life expectancy: ~46 yrs
• Infant mortality: 103 per 1,000
live births (2002)
• Under-5 mortality: 121 per
1,000 live births (2002)
• Maternal mortality: 650 per
100,000 live births (2002)
• Malnutrition, malaria, TB all
pose great risks
Health System Context: 2004
• Weak infrastructure
• Unreliable health statistics and poor health
knowledge
• No community mobilization for health!
• MOH health sector reform strategy aims to
increase access to health care through
decentralization, prevention, and primary
care
Poor infrastructure
Poor water source in Gourabouss: 2005
As Eyla clinic beds: 2005
Resource Scarcity
Water struggle in Dorra: April 2005
PECSE Project
• 2004–2008
• Expand access to
health services
– Rehabilitate health
facilities
– Train health care
providers
– Establish health
management
information system
– Mobilize
communities
– Focus on rural areas
Sagalou Health committee members, April 2006.
The Health Committee President is seated on the left.
Community Mobilization:
Challenges
• No community mobilization existed before
in the health sector
• MOH not receptive to idea
• Health infrastructure in terrible condition
• Nomadic populations; refugees
• Difficult physical environment
Laying the Groundwork
• “Back to Basics”
• Not ready for
BCC
• Pilot program in 5
sites in 2005
• Very basic
community
mobilization
PECSE and MOH staff in discussion with Goubetto community chief
in 2005, when negotiating the establishment of a health committee
Community Mobilization
Pilot Approach
• Health Post  Health Committee  community
members forging links to improve services
• Community health volunteer is the link between
community and health post staff
Daley Aff Community volunteers: Jan 2006
Involving the MOH
• PECSE cultivated
excellent relations with
MOH, UNICEF, WHO,
NGOs, and others
• Study tour to Ethiopia and
Madagascar
• Consensus on community
mobilization emerged
after study tour
• MOH interested in
replicating model
Djibouti health committee members and nurses during
the study tour in Madagascar, 2005
Scaling Up
• 5 pilot sites 23
health posts
• Each post linked to
health committee
• Each committee has
men and women
• 4 or 5 community
volunteers (at least 2
female) per
community
Gallamo community leader giving working tools to a volunteer:
May 2006
Training and Supervision
• Training-of-trainer
workshops nationwide
for community health
volunteers
• Health education
activities
• Joint supervision by
MOH and PECSE
Dorra female health volunteer receiving a loud
speaker for community mobilization: August 2006
Training
Work plan development during the Tadjoura
district volunteers training: June 2006
Community trainer during Arta health
committee members training: May 2006
Supervision
Randa village volunteers during supervision: Sept 2006
Gourabouss community volunteers during a
supervision session: Aug 2006
Mobilization at work
• PECSE carried out MOH priorities
• Emergency immunization campaigns
– Polio in 2005: Health Committees and
Volunteers proved themselves
– Cholera in 2006: further validation
• Volunteers and committees trained in prevention
and symptoms
• Volunteers spread messages and identified cases
for nurses to treat
• Avian influenza preparedness
Additional Activities
• MOH requested
urban community
mobilization work
• Flipchart produced
covering 9 health
themes for
nationwide
distribution
• Mobile caravan
performed skits
• Radio spots
Mobile theater group performing a skit
Flip Chart Preparation
Nutrition for a nursing mother
Tadjoura district volunteers and community
members training in flip chart utilization: Feb 2006
When to take a child to the health post
Infrastructure Rehabilitation
Medical waste situation in 2005
Solar pump installation in Assamo
Incinerator now available in the 23 project
sites for medical waste management
Drilled well in 2008
Infrastructure Rehabilitation
Alaili-Dada
Clinic
2004
2005
Medeho
clinic toilet
National Community
Mobilization Strategy
• After study tour, MOH formed committee on
social mobilization for health policy
• PECSE provided framework for policy
• National Policy promulgated in 2006!
– Validated role of Community Health Volunteers
and Health Committees
– Created new MOH cadre of Health Aides based
on Ethiopian model
A major step forward
Ass-Eyla health committee members showing their certificates of recognition with pride: April 2008
• By late 2006 utilization
rates rose for prenatal
care and immunization
• Contributed to positive
national results:
Results
2002 2006
Infant
Mortality
103
67
121
94
(per 1000 live
births)
Under-5
Mortality
The Project social mobilization assistant with the
Gallamo female volunteer ‘s child: 2006
(per 1000 live
births)
CPR
12%
18%
Results: Deliveries
Proportion of Deliveries in PECSE intervention health facilities
70
60
Percentage
50
2004
40
2005
2006
30
2007
20
10
0
Alisabieh
Arta
Dikhil
Obock
PECSE district
Tadjourah
Average
Results: Antenatal Care
Antenatal Care: at least one visit (2004-2007)
2800
2550
2050
2004
1800
2005
1550
2006
2007
1300
1050
800
550
300
Months
D
EC
V
N
O
T
O
C
SE
PT
AU
G
JU
LY
JU
N
AY
M
AP
R
AR
M
FE
B
50
JA
N
Number
2300
Thanks to a great team
Minister of Health and Project COP at Knighthood
Ceremony for COP, May 2008
Community Mobilization Team:
May 2008