Transcript Diapositiva 1

Biology for Future
Presidents
Important Concepts That Can Be Easily Understood
Week6
Cancer and HIV A.I.D.S.
The Deadliest Cancer
by Professor Larry N. Vanderhoef
Chancellor Emeritus & Distinguished Professor
University of California, Davis, U.S.A
Design courtesy of fppt.com
Unless noted, the course materials are licensed
under Creative Commons AttributionNonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 Taiwan (CC
BY-NC-SA 2.5)
Frightening Diseases. I.
Cancer Causes and Cures
Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and
Cures
Translating the code in DNA into a protein
Jonathan Eisen
3
Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures
Watson
&
Crick
RootsWeb.com
4
Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures
Maurice Wilkins
5
Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures
Rosalind
Franklin
Science 6 - Rosalind Franklin 08
6
Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures
chemotherapy
unnewsJohnnys a big poopy - Uncyclopedia, the content-free encyclopedia
Chemotherapy just too expensive to waste on cancer patients anymore - Scrape TV - The World on your side
7
Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures
Radiation Therapy
Wikimedia Commons Dina Wakulchik
Polemica su radioterapia. Ceccarelli Con il nuovo ospedale nessun miglioramento » La Gazzetta di Lucca
8
Frightening Diseases. I. Cancer Causes and Cures
Our Immune System
Source: Precision Graphics+ http://www.precisiongraphics.com/services/illustration/
9
Uncontrolled Cell Division,
Cancer and Galls
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Pancreatic Cancer
Pancreatic
cancer?
Get your affairs in
Order.
Ehumanbiofield
11
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Wikimedia Commons Forest & Kim Starr
Flickr plj.johnny
Wikimedia Commons Forest & Kim Starr
Flickr Gabriela Ruellan
Wikimedia Commons Lairich Rig
12
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
DREAM OF ARLEQUIN
Doing everything you can
to extend your life – may not
be the best idea.
13
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Steve Jobs
1955-2011
Flickr MATEUS_27:24&25
Scrape TV - The World on your side
Flickr MATEUS_27:24&25
14
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Genes and Chromosomes
Source: National Institute of General Medical Sciences, NIGMS,
http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/thenewgenetics/chapter1.html
15
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
University of California, Davis, U.S.A, Larry N. Vanderhoef
16
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Source: Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole
17
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Source: Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole
Cell division in plants and animals is virtually identical.
18
19
Source: Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Cancer can appear
In any living tissue…
Thyroid cancer
Mouth cancer
Skin cancer – Basal Cell carcinoma
SMOKING
Tanning Booths Tingkatkan Risiko Kanker Kulit - Jurnal Secience
20
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Colon cancer
¿Conoces al Virus del Papiloma Humano
UNIVERSITAM » Ciencia, Investigación, Tecnología y Desarrollo.
OurAwesomeEssay
21
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Oral cancer
Lance Armstrong
Testicular cancer
zubarica
desCrentes
Tongue cancer
ThePlatform.info
22
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Cell structure
globalbiology
23
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
CELL DIVISION
Genes are duplicated in
the
process of cell division
Source: Genetics Home Reference
http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/handbook/howgeneswork/cellsdivide
24
Uncontrolled Cell Division, Cancer and Galls
Typical cancer
More than one mutation
is necessary to make a
normal cell go cancerous.
TipThePlanet
25
Immune System
Immune System
Source: Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.2.
27
Immune System
Source: Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.3.
28
Immune System
shell fish
Common inducers of allergic
responses …
네이버 블로그
pharmaceuticals
peanuts
Patrick M. Gallivan New York State Senate
Flickr EuroMagic
29
Immune System
mold in a shower
… and some more.
dust mites
Quanti di voi hanno problemi di umidità
Wikimedia Commons Kennyall
30
Immune System
Poison Ivy
Mankato Free Press Minnesota has always been a small town state - Bluestem Prairie
Coincidental or
evolutionary advantage
Source: Public Opinion, Polls and Discussion on SodaHead, http://www.sodahead.com/living/poison-ivyoak-orsumac-have-you-ever-gotten-it-on-your-skin-whats-the-best-method-of-remedyreli/question-2367765/?slide=2
31
Immune System
Some people are unusually
allergic to bee stings
Bees
Ranking de ¿Cual Es Tu Mayor Temor - Listas en 20minutos.es
32
Immune System
Pollen – common allergy
inducing substance. There’s
lots of it for most of the year.
Allergy natural treatment | Butterbur , by Société & Vous - Santé
33
Immune System
biology111S22011
34
Immune System
Source: Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.3.
35
Immune System
Source: Diseases and Conditions - A Usermeds.com,
http://www.usermeds.com/medications/clarinex
Flickr ZenBenjamin
Flickr HeatherMG
Flickr outtacontext
Source: Modern Medical Guide,
http://www.modernmedicalguide.com/antihistamines/
Source: Pharmaceuticals Drugs,Multimineral Supplement
Manufacturers,Antibacterial Drugs Suppliers,
http://www.whizlaboratories.com/antihistamine-drugs.htm
36
Immune System
Smallpox
Bukisa - Share your Knowledge
37
Immune System
Edward Jenner
~1800
38
Immune System
Milkmaid
Cowpox vaccination
Jorge Juan Lozano Cámara
Source: Milkmaids and Cowpox, The College of Physicians of Philadelphia,
http://www.historyofvaccines.org/content/milkmaids-and-cowpox
39
Immune System
I
Polio
Wikispaces Alicia M.
40
Immune System (Conclusion)
Immune System (Conclusion)
Our Immune System
Source: Precision Graphics+ http://www.precisiongraphics.com/services/illustration/
42
Immune System (Conclusion)
Antibodies
Wikimedia Commons Opabinia regalis
this antibody can bind to a type of virus
this antibody can bind to a species of bacteria
43
Immune System (Conclusion)
dendritic
cell
bacterium
naive
B cell
complement
Antibody-mediated
Immunity
naive
helper
T cell
B cell
memory
B cell
effector
helper
T cell
antigenpresenting
dendritic
cell
memory
helper
T cell
effector
B cell
University of California, Davis. Larry N. Vanderhoef
44
Immune System (Conclusion)
dendritic
cell
Cell-mediated
Immune Response
naive
cytotoxic
T cell
antigenpresenting
dendritic
cell
activated
cytotoxic
T cell
memory
cytotoxic
T cell
naive
helper
T cell
effector
helper
T cell
effector
cytotoxic
T cell
University of California, Davis. Larry N. Vanderhoef
memory
helper
T cell
45
Immune System (Conclusion)
Cellular Immune Response Kills Cancer Cells
cytotoxic
T cell
cancer
cell
Flickr Microbe World
46
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
and
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Best Compounding Pharmacy Halsted Healthmart HIV Drug Therapy and Treatment Options
47
Immune System (Conclusion)
A virus is a noncellular infectious agent. It consists
of a protein coat wrapped around genetic material
(either RNA or DNA) and a few viral enzymes. A
virus is far smaller than any cell and does not have
ribosomes or other metabolic machinery. To
replicate, the virus must insert its genetic material
into a cell of a specific organism, which we call its
host. A viral infection is like a cellular hijacking.
Viral genes take over a host cell’s machinery and
direct it to synthesize viral proteins and nucleic
acids. These components then self-assemble as
new viral particles.
48
Immune System (Conclusion)
Wikimedia Commons GrahamColm
RNA
viral DNA and enzymes
lipid envelope
with protein
components
protein
subunits
of coat
protein coat
Inside the
envelope
Flickr Microbe World
Wikimedia Commons Gleiberg
49
Immune System (Conclusion)
Wikimedia Commons Daniel Beyer
50
Immune System (Conclusion)
Source: Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.2.
51
Immune System (Conclusion)
Source: MedlinePlus + http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/kaposissarcoma.html
Wikimedia Commons M. Sand, D. Sand, C. Thrandorf, V. Paech, P. Altmeyer, F. G. Bechara
Case study in dentistry – Lines
52
Immune System (Conclusion)
Journal - Journal on open sea and coastal kayak paddling
Listas creadas por los usuarios de 20minutos.es
Rock Hudson
11/17/25 – 10/2/85
53
Immune System (Conclusion)
HIV AIDS
54
Immune System (Conclusion)
Source: Michigan Department of Community Health, Bureau of Epidemiology, HIV/AIDS Surveillance Section; reported cases as of July 1, 2006,
http://www.kalcounty.com/hcs/hivaids.htm
55
Immune System (Conclusion)
56
Immune System (Conclusion)
The A.I.D.S. “cocktail”
-inhibit binding to host cell
-slow transcription of RNA
-inhibit integration of viral DNA into the
human chromosome
-prevent processing of newly translated polypeptides
into viral proteins
57
Immune System (Conclusion)
Source: Finches in Life Book, Life9e-Figure-42.2.
58
Immune System (Conclusion)
Transmission activities
Sex – Anal, vaginal, oral
Blood transfusion
Dirty needles
Fluid exchanges between mother and baby
during pregnancy
Breast feeding
Child birth
59
Immune System (Conclusion)
2009.
33.3 million people living with HIV/AIDS
2.6 million new infections per year
1.8 million deaths per year. About 75%
in subsaharan Africa
60
Immune System (Conclusion)
NO KNOWN
CURE
61
Immune System (Conclusion)
Wikipedia
Many cancers
Fevers and sweats
Pneumonia
TB
Problems in bone marrow, gastrointestinal
tract, lymph nodes, CNS
Dementia
Bipolar disorder
ETC., ETC.
Everything that can go wrong – eventually DOES
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•The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107
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University of California, Davis, U.S.A, Larry N. Vanderhoef
This work originally comes from Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with:
•Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65
•The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107
of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Act.
This work originally comes from Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with:
•Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65
•The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107
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This work originally comes from Cengage Learning - Brooks/Cole and used subject to the fair use doctrine in accordance with:
•Taiwan Copyright Act Articles 52 & 65
•The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009 (http://www.centerforsocialmedia.org/sites/default/files/10305-OCW-Oct29.pdf)" by A Committee of Practitioners of OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107
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•The "Code of Best Practices in Fair Use for OpenCourseWare 2009
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OpenCourseWare in the U.S. The contents are based on Section 107 of the 1976 U.S. Copyright Act.
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