Transcript Slide 1

R-KNOW Project
Amman
18 April 2014
“Knowledge Sub-Network on Water, Energy
and Food Nexus”
(WEF Nexus)
Egypt
SEARCH project is
funded by the EU
sub-network: to increase, share and disseminate
Knowledge on “Water, Energy and Food Security (WEF) Nexus”
perspectives and approaches; and Illustrating through case
studies
Problem Definition
 Vast Development in the region,
requires water and energy as main
factors and inputs
 With continuing population growth,
rising incomes and urbanization, food
demand will roughly double in the
next fifty years
 Climate change exerted extra pressures on natural resources, and
increased competition in demands of three sectors
 Sectors are traditionally managed in a centralized manner, with minimal
coordination with other sectors
 Renaissance Dam in Ethiopia
Objectives
• Sharing and developing knowledge among relevant
stakeholders
• Innovating new models that address resource
challenges through new technologies and efficiency
gains
Water in the Arab Region
• The region lies in the most arid area on earth and
70% of its land is dry
• more than 70% of the water resources originate
outside the Arab region
• The average per capita share of water is approaching
500 m3/capita/year which is half the water poverty
limit
• surface water is insufficient to meet the escalating
needs this has driven many countries to rely on other
resources to fulfill their needs utilizing non-renewable
groundwater, wastewater reuse, treated sewage
water, and desalination
Food Security
• Agriculture is the largest user of water resources in
the Arab region; it utilizes around 85% of water
whereas the world average percentage of water use
in agriculture is 70%.
• With continuing population growth, rising incomes
and urbanization, food demand will roughly double
in the next fifty years
• Food security (i)food availability; (ii) food access; (iii)
food utilization; and (iv) food stability. Food stability
refers to the regular availability and affordability of
food, so that it contributes to the nutritional security
Water for Food
Commodity
Water needed to produce
(liters)
1 hamburger
2400
1 glass of milk
200
1 egg
135
1 apple
70
1 slice of bread
40
1 potato
25
Source: FAOWATER
Highest
High
medium
low
Lowest
Vulnerability to Food Security in Egypt
Energy in the Arab Region
• Sixty million Arab people are without access
to modern energy services mainly electricity
• Arab region is well endowed with clean,
renewable sources of energy, primarily solar
and wind
• Efficiency measures can also save up to half of
the energy currently used, while maintaining
the same production levels
Energy for Water
250 ‫تحتاج المحطة إلى قدرة كهربائية‬
300 ‫ميجاوات للضخ بتصرف للمياه قدره‬
)‫يوم‬/3‫ مليون م‬25( ‫ث‬/3‫م‬
Pump station in Toshka
Energy for Water
for Food
Pivot Irrigation in Azraq
Water for Energy
Renewable Energy
Source: Bonn conference, 2011
Nexus Approach
• The approach integrates management and governance across
sectors and scales, with the goal of achieving water security,
sustainable energy and food security to reduce hunger,
enhance basic services and improve livelihoods.
• It is about Governance within the three sectors and relevant
ones. It entails collaboration and coordination amongst
sectors with a holistic vision and integrated planning.
• This allows decision makers to develop the right strategies and
plans that contribute to the achievement of sustainable
development, and minimize the period for the payback of
investments.
• It can be achieved by better management of natural resources
and ecosystems; i.e. integrated water resources management,
land resources management and a shift towards resource use
efficiency. More investments in the production of renewable
energy is needed. Sustainable agricultural practices are to be
adopted.
• Awareness raising and information sharing are basic for the
behavior changes towards better and more sustainable
practices.
• Participation of stakeholders and local communities in the
planning processes is fundamental in the nexus approach.
• Integrated planning and collective work.
• Legislative and institutional frameworks to enable the
environment for collaboration amongst relevant institutions
for coordinated decision making.
Systemic Approach to WEF Nexus
Develop
Initial
Vision
Stakeholder
Analysis
Nexus
Vision
Feedback
Data
Collection
Problem
Analysis
Reflecting
Documentati
on
Assessment
Data
Analysis
M&E
Planning for
Water, Energy
and Food Security
Water
Energy and
Food Studies
Primary
Scenario
Rank Plans
Finalize
vision
Implementing
Implement
Most
Feasible
Plans
Finalize
Plans
Strategies
Planning
Define
Actors Role
Analyze Cost
and Impact
Select
Activities
Detailed
Strategy
Test
Strategies
and Vision
Scenario
Hence
Policy coherence
Integrated management
Resource efficiency
Produce more with less
State Actors
• The National governments
• Local authorities and utilities
Non-State Actors
•
•
•
•
Business and the private sector
Civil society (communities, NGOs, media)
Farming community
Research organizations
International Community and Funding
Organizations
Formulation of the Advisory
Committee
The key stakeholders:
•
•
•
•
•
Ministry of Water Resources
Ministry of Agriculture
Ministry of Environment
Renewable Energy
International organizations
The sectors of the stakeholders
• Users of Knowledge Management systems (&
Information/Data)
• National Institutions and Decision Makers
–
–
–
–
Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation
Ministry of Agriculture
Ministry of Environment
New and renewable energy authority
• Regional & International organizations
• Research & Academia
Other Stakeholders
•
•
•
•
Water users associations
NGOs
Related NGOs (CEDARE, CARE, CEOSS,..)
Donors( UN, …….).
Stakeholders categorization.
Ministry of
Agriculture
Ministry of
Water
Resources
and Irrigation
New and
renewable
energy authority
Ministry of
Environment
Farmers
National Level
Governorate
level
Ministry of
Energy
Agriculture
department
Central Department of
water resources and
irrigation
Water users
associations
Donors
Governorate
Community
organizations
Relevant
NGOs
The number of projects under the four themes
Water
Governance
Water, Food and
Energy
Sustainable
Water and
Climate
Water
Change
Technologies
29
3
3
6
Projects Information Sheet
A summary sheet of each project was
prepared, while these projects are
classified according to the thematic
Areas.
Criteria for selection of Case Studies
•
•
•
•
•
Water conservation
Food Security contribution
Renewable energy
Balance between energy, water and food security
Participatory approaches
‫مشروعات مقترحة كحاالت دراسية‬
‫• مشروع زراعى يعمل بالطاقة الشمسية بمنطقة ال ُمغرة بجنوب شرق القطارة‪،‬‬
‫مساحة ‪ 4‬آالف فدان تمت زراعتها كاملة بأشجار الجوجوبا بنظام الرى‬
‫بالتنقيط‪ ،‬إلى جانب زراعات النخيل والفيكس والزيتون والرمان والمحاصيل‬
‫الحقلية البيئية مثل البصل والفول البلدى والبسلة والفاصوليا والذرة‪ ،‬وجميعها‬
‫محملة على نبات الجوجوبا‪.‬‬
Case study- Jordan:
Jordan implement a project that had the support of KfW
(German development bank). The project takes sewage
water from the area of Irbid and Northern Jordan and it
treats it in three plants. The water then flows to the
Jordan valley, where it irrigates fields; which increases
the availability of drinking water. This project also
prevents pollution as the sewage water is treated, it can
also develop hydroelectricity as the water is taken to the
Jordan Valley; and as the treated water is phosphorous
and nitrogen rich it reduces the Jordanian farmers’ need
for fertilizers.
THANK YOU