Transcript Slide 1
Civil Registration in Sultanate of Oman Its Development and Potential Implications on Vital Statistics Dr. Medhat K. ElSayed Objectives • Health System in Oman – Brief • Development of Civil registration – birth and death notifications • Reporting on Vital Events before and after Civil registration • Status of Vital Events Data • Implications on Mortality & Fertility Estimates Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 2 Health System in Oman • Total area is 309.5 thousands Km2 –3% Plans –15% Mountains –82% Wadis & Desert • 8 Governorates / Regions (now 9) with 60 Wilayates (61) • 10 Health Regions (now 11) • Upper Middle Income • Total Government Expenditure millions RO 4469.8 (≈US$11,579.8 millions) • Per Capita GDP RO 5321.5 (≈US$13,786) • Total Health Expenditure 3% of GDP • Per Capita Health Expenditure RO 84 (≈US$214) Source: Monthly Statistical Bulletin, Ministry of National Economy, volume 18(4), April 30, 2007 Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 3 Health System in Oman … cont • Population is about 2.6 millions; of whom 1.9 millions are Omanis (27% Expatriates) • About 95% of enumeration areas are less than 1000 and present only 17.6% of the total Population Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 4 Health System in Oman … cont 80 + • Relatively young – 38.9% below 15 years of age – 11.9% below 5 yeas of age • Relatively high fertility – TFR 3.14 per women 15049 – CBR 24.75 per 1000 population • Low Death Rates – CDR 2.53 per 1000 population – Life Expectancy at Birth 74.3 years – IMR 10.28 per 1000 Live Births 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 • Natural Increase Rate 2.2% • Expected to double in 30 years 10-14 5-09 0-04 10% Dec 10-12, 2007 8% 6% 4% 2% Males Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 0% 2% 4% 6% Females 8% 5 10% Health System in Oman … cont • Public Health System – Government finance and provide health care and health services – Public health expenditure accounts for 80% of total health expenditure – Public inpatient services 98%, public dental services 41% and public outpatient services 81% – Government provides 93% of hospitals and 97.6% of hospital beds – Public health services has 78% of doctors 92.5% of nurses and 85% of other paramedics • Ministry of Health is the main health Care provider (49 H, 4549 B, 145 HC) • Other health care providers: – – – – – – Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS) (3 H, 260 B, 31 C) Royal Oman Police Medical Services (ROPMS) (1 H, 48 B, 3 C) Sultan Qaboos Hospital (SQUH) (1 H, 307 B, 1 HC) Diwan Medical Services (Diwan MS) (1 C) Petroleum Development Oman Medical Services (PDOMS) (9 C) Private Sector (5 H, 732 C) H: Hospital, B: Beds, HC: Health Center, C: Clinics Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 6 Health System in Oman … cont • A modern state started with the Omani Renaissance in 1970 • Interests to document births and deaths started gradually after 1970 • During early 80’s age estimation for public employees • Age may not be accurate for a considerable proportion of people above the age of 25 years Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 7 Health System in Oman … cont • Estimates for fertility and mortality indicators were based on surveys and studies with indirect statistical methods and models • Events taking place were notified and certificates issued but no compulsory registration – Public Health Institutions: Issue certificates – Private Health Institutions: Notification of event to MOH – Home events: Notification of event by community leader (Sheikh – Wali) to MOH • Well established information system capturing service events – Deaths: hospital deaths, dead on arrival, A&E deaths – Births: hospital births, born before arrival Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 8 Health System in Oman … cont • Coverage of events registered could not be properly assessed • Estimates could not be segregated by important parameters as age and sex – Mortality Estimates • Age –sex specific death rates to allow for a life table analysis • Infant mortality Rate, Under 5 mortality Rate • Life expectancy – Fertility Estimates • Age specific fertility rate for male and female births separately to allow estimating reproduction rates Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 9 Mortality Estimates 200 100 Based on IMR estimates 90 Based on IMR 160 80 140 70 120 60 2003 Census 100 50 1993 Census Projection 40 based on 2003 Census 80 Preceeding Birth Technique 60 30 40 20 Survey data 20 10 CDR IMR U5MR 06 20 04 20 02 20 00 20 98 19 96 19 94 19 92 19 90 19 88 19 86 19 84 19 82 19 80 19 78 19 76 19 74 19 72 0 19 19 70 0 Dec 10-12, 2007 years per 1000 180 e0 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 10 Fertility Estimates 60 12 LB per 1000 10 40 8 30 6 20 4 TFR (per women 15-49) census + service data 50 Survey 10 2 1993 census 2003 census 0 19 70 19 72 19 74 19 76 19 78 19 80 19 82 19 84 19 86 19 88 19 90 19 92 19 94 19 96 19 98 20 00 20 02 20 04 20 06 0 CBR Dec 10-12, 2007 TFR Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 11 Development of Civil Registration • A Royal Decree (66/99) to develop a civil status was made in October 1999 but implementation took place only in May 2004 • The law has established the Directorate General of Civil Status (DGCS) at Royal Oman Police (ROP) – Develop the implementing regulations of the Law – Register civil status events • Events: birth, death, marriage, divorce, citizenship, residence – Issue certificates – Issue ID Cards Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 12 Notification of Births and Deaths • Registration is based on notifications of events • Establishment of a System of notification of vital events – Identification of all possible sources of notifications – One notification system • Birth & Death Notification Forms :Consider requirements of CS Law and health sector • Notification path • Birth and Death Notification forms were developed by a body established by Minister of Health – Notifications considered needs: administrative needs, health needs Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 13 Notification of Births and Deaths … cont Possible sources of Notifications Place of birth or death Source of notifications MOH Hospitals & HC MOH health institutions AFMS Hospitals and dispensaries AFMS health institutions ROP Hospitals and dispensaries ROP health institutions SQU hospital & HC SQU hospital Private hospitals & clinics Private health institution Home Community leader (Sheikh – Wali) Factors, companies, roads, transportation Nearest health institution –with ROP Outside Oman Omani mission in country where event Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 14 Notification of Births and Deaths … cont Flow of Notifications Copy of notification forms from places other than MOH MOH SQUH AFMS Prvt HI Client ROPMS CL DG CS OM MOH: Ministry of Health; AFMS: Armed Forces Medical Services; Prvt HI: Private Health Institutions; ROPMS: Royal Oman Police Medical Services; CL: community leaders; OM: Omani Missions Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 15 Assessment of 2006 Data from Vital Events Notification • Missing segregation information • Pattern according to age • Completeness (coverage) Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 16 Assessment of 2006 Data from Vital Events Notification … cont Segregation of information Gender unknown for 30% of notified deaths 40% 32% 30% 30% 20% 10% 0% Omani Dec 10-12, 2007 Expatriate Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 17 Assessment of 2006 Data from Vital Events Notification … cont Segregation information … cont Unknown age of notified deaths 30.0% 27.0% 20.0% 12.2% 9.6% 10.0% 5.8% 0.0% Omani Expatriate Males Dec 10-12, 2007 Females Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 18 Assessment of 2006 Data from Vital Events Notification … cont Segregation information … cont Sex of newly born un reported 10.0% 0.3% 0.8% 0.0% Omani Dec 10-12, 2007 Expatriate Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 19 Assessment of 2006 Data from Vital Events Notification … cont Segregation information … cont Un-reporting age of mother for newly born 20.0% 13.6% 10.0% 5.0% 0.0% Omani Dec 10-12, 2007 Expatriate Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 20 Assessment of 2006 Data from Vital Events Notification … cont Pattern according to Age and Sex Natural log (ln) of ASDR for Males 2006 Natural log (ln) of ASDR for Females 2006 6.000 5 5.000 4 4.000 3 3.000 2 2.000 1 1.000 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 -1 0.000 1 2 -1.000 Dec 10-12, 2007 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 -2 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 21 Assessment of 2006 Data from Vital Events Notification … cont Completeness or Coverage 0.1600 0.1400 0.1400 0.1200 0.1200 0.1000 Nx/Nx+ Nx/Nx+ Using Brass’s Growth Balance Method (preliminary analysis) 0.1000 0.0800 0.0800 0.0600 0.0600 0.0400 0.0400 0.0200 0.0200 - - 0.0200 0.0400 0.0600 0.0800 0.1000 0.0100 0.0200 0.0300 0.0400 0.0500 0.0600 0.0700 0.0800 0.1200 Dx+/Nx+ Dx+/Nx+ Males Coverage 98% Dec 10-12, 2007 Females Coverage 97% Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 22 Mortality Estimates 2006 Current estimate 2006 estimates using notifications of Vital events Omani Expat Omani Expat 2.48 Not available 2.9 1.2 CDR - Male Not available Not available 3.4 1.2 CDR- Females Not available Not available 2.3 1.1 74.29 Not available 72.6 81.6 e0 - Male Not available Not available 70.4 81.9 e0 - Females Not available Not available 74.9 81.2 Projected Not available available available CDR - Overall e0 - Overall ASDR Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 23 Mortality Estimates … cont 2006 Current estimate IMR - Overall 2006 estimates using notifications of Vital events Omani Expat Omani Expat 10.25 Not available 10.1 8.1 IMR - Male Not available Not available 11 9 IMR- Females Not available Not available 9.2 7.1 Not available 12.8 12.9 U5MR - Male Not available Not available 13.8 13.5 U5MR - Females Not available Not available 11.8 6 U5MR - Overall Dec 10-12, 2007 11.02 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 24 Fertility Estimates 2006 Current estimate 2006 estimates using notifications of Vital events Omani Expat Omani Expat 24.17 Not available 24.2 5.7 CBR - Male Not available Not available 24.6 3.7 CBR- Females Not available Not available 23.7 13.4 Not available 3.19 1.03 Sex ratio birth Not available Not available 105.8 101.7 GRR (females) Not available Not available 1.55 0.51 NRR Not available Not available 1.51 0.50 CBR - Overall TFR Dec 10-12, 2007 3.19 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 25 Obstacles and challenges • Notifications by Community Leaders – Need to assess completeness – Data on notification forms need to be completed especially health related data – Cause of death is an issue to consider • Burial permit – No burial permit is required – Can affect completeness of death registration • Cultural believes and attitudes for registration – Age estimation has been practice for a long time – Changes in believes about importance for registration • Cause of death data – Physician and coders need training – Deaths outside health facilities: DOA, A&ED, Notified by CL Dec 10-12, 2007 Gender Statistics from Administrative Data: Civil Registeration & Vital Statistics 26