Transcript Slide 1

National Commission for Nuclear Activities Control
CNCAN
Romanian Regulatory Framework for
Nuclear Facilities and Activities.
CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in
Romania
- Overview Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
1
Regulated Facilities
2
Nuclear Power Plants
Reactor
Regulated Facilities
Type
Gross
Capacity
MW(e)
Construction
Start
First Criticality
Operating Status
Cernavoda-1
CANDU-6
706.5
1980
16th of April 1996
In operation
Cemavoda-2
CANDU-6
706.5
1980
6th of May 2007
In operation
Cemavoda-3
CANDU-6
720
1980
-
Under preservation, construction
to be restarted
Cemavoda-4
CANDU-6
720
1980
-
Under preservation, construction
to be restarted
Cemavoda-5
CANDU-6
-
1980
-
Under preservation,
no plans to resume construction
3
Research Reactors
Regulated Facilities
14 MWt TRIGA - type Material Testing
Reactor of the Pitesti Branch for Nuclear
Research
(operational, commissioned in 1979, Gulf General
Atomics design, pool type, steady state active zone - 14
MW(th), pulse active zone - up to 20.000 MW(th)/pulse;
Converted from HEU to LEU and modernized)
2 MWt VVR-S type research reactor of the
Bucharest-Magurele National Institute for Physics
and Nuclear Engineering
(Commissioned in 1957, Old Russian design, Loop type,
Power- 2 MW(th), Defuelled, Under decommissioning)
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
4
Regulated Facilities
Other major regulated facilities in Romania include:
-Facilities for uranium ore mining, milling and processing;
-Nuclear Fuel (CANDU type) Production Plant;
-Heavy Water Production Plant;
-Radioactive Waste Management Facilities
5
Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process
Main Romanian Laws governing the safety of nuclear
installations:
 Law no. 111/1996 on the Safe Deployment,
Regulation, Licensing and Control of Nuclear
Activities, republished in the Official Gazette no.
552/27.06.2006
 Law no. 703/2001 on the Civil Liability for Nuclear
Damage, published in Official Gazette, no.
818/19.12.2001
The complete list of laws and regulations related to the
safety of nuclear installations and activities is provided on
CNCAN website:
http://www.cncan.ro/legislatie/
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process
The current licensing practice is based on the provisions of the Law no. 111/1996
and of the regulations issued by CNCAN.
The detailed regulatory requirements, as well as the assessment and inspection
criteria used by CNCAN in the licensing process are derived from a number of
sources, such as:








Romanian regulations (CNCAN Norms);
Limits and Conditions specified in the different licenses;
IAEA Safety Standards and Guides;
WENRA Reference Levels
ICRP recommendations;
Regulatory documents developed by CNSC and US NRC;
Applicable Standards and Codes (CSA, ANSI, ASME, IEEE, etc.);
Safety related documentation produced by the licensee and approved or
accepted by CNCAN (e.g. Safety Analysis Reports, Safety Design Guides,
Design Manuals, reference documents, station instructions, operating manuals,
technical basis documents, etc.)
7
Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process
Law
Regulatory requirements,
criteria and conditions
Regulations,
Standards and Codes
Regulatory letters
+
licensee’s documents previously approved by
CNCAN (such as Safety Analysis Reports,
Management Manuals, etc.)
CNCAN dispositions and actions stated in the inspection reports
+
licensee’s procedures previously approved by CNCAN (such as
reference documents, station instructions, etc.)
Regulatory documents containing requirements used by CNCAN in the licensing process
8
Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process
Stages of the licensing process for a nuclear installation, as stated in the Law,
include:










design;
siting;
construction;
commissioning;
trial operation;
operation;
repair and/or maintenance (as major refurbishment);
modification (as major upgrades);
preservation;
decommissioning.
For a license at each of these stages, the qualified applicant shall
demonstrate the safety of the nuclear installation, according with the CNCAN
requirements (Romanian regulations, recommended standards and codes,
specific regulatory requirements by letters, etc)
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
9
Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process
 According to the Law, a license for the quality management system has to
be obtained from CNCAN, as pre-condition for the issuance of the design/
siting/ construction / commissioning / operation / decommissioning
license.
 The licensing of the quality management systems is applied not only to
the operators of nuclear installations but also to the suppliers of products
and services for the nuclear installations.
 The installations or activities for which a license has been granted are not
transferable.
 The main responsibilities of the license holder are stated in Chapter III of
the Law and are further detailed in the specific regulations issued by
CNCAN and in the conditions attached to each license.
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
10
Regulatory Framework and Licensing Process
CNCAN Regulations on Quality Management Systems for Nuclear Facilities and Activities
Licensing Requirements
Siting
Research & Development
Design
Procurement
Construction–Installation
Manufacturing of Goods & Services
Operation
Decommissioning
 Software for Use in Nuclear Field
Commissioning
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
11
http://www.cncan.ro/legislatie/norme/norme-de-managementul-calitatii-in-domeniul-nuclear/
Nuclear Safety Regulations
 The newest CNCAN regulations related to the licensing of the Nuclear Power Plants
are:


Nuclear Safety Requirements on Siting of Nuclear Power Plants (2010);
Nuclear Safety Requirements on Design and Construction of Nuclear Power Plants
(2010).
 These regulations were aimed at endorsing more of the IAEA requirements, in addition
to those which served as basis for the reference levels of WENRA.
 These regulations include requirements on severe accidents analysis and design
provisions for severe accident management.
 A regulation containing requirements on the commissioning and operation of NPPs is
planned to be finalized this year, taking account and making use of the requirements in
IAEA NS-R-2.
 The revision of the regulatory framework to take account of the lessons learned after
the Fukushima accident includes the elaboration of a new regulation on accident
management (including severe accident management) and emergency preparedness.
Currently, this regulation is in process of external consultation with the stakeholders.
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
12
Quantitative safety goals for new NPPs in Romania
 Since December 2010 new safety goals were established for new NPPs in Romania
regulation on Nuclear Safety Requirements on Design and Construction of Nuclear
Power Plants, NSN-02;
 Quantitative safety goals established in NSN-02 have the aim to limit the radiologic risk
due to potential exposures. These goals have to be considered in the new NPPs design
bases.
 Since it is for the first time when quantitative safety objectives for design basis
accidents are formalized in the national regulatory framework, these are going to be
used on a trial basis and strict compliance with the numerical targets is not
mandatory.
 However, the license applicants will have to demonstrate that they have taken all
reasonably practicable measures to achieve the safety level implied by these
quantitative objectives.
 All differences between the new project and the requirements from NSR-2 must be
justified, discussed with the regulatory body and solutions agreed.
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
Quantitative safety goals for new NPPs in Romania (cont’d 1)
Quantitative nuclear safety objectives for the design of the protective safety
systems (design basis quantitative objectives)
Event Class
Estimated annual frequency of
occurrence for an event or
sequence of events
(95% confidence value)
Maximum value for the effective dose for the
most exposed individual situated outside the
exclusion zone
(calculated for 30 days since the start of the
release, for all paths of exposure)
Class 1
f > 1E-2
0.5 mSv
Class 2
1E-2 > f > 1E-3
1 mSv
Class 3
1E-3 > f > 1E-4
10 mSv
Class 4
1E-4 > f > 1E-5
50 mSv
Class 5
1E-5 > f > 1E-6
100 mSv
Class 6
1E-6 > f > 1E-7
250 mSv
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
Quantitative safety goals for new NPPs in Romania (cont’d 2)
Quantitative nuclear safety objectives for the verification of the design as a
whole (quantitative risk objectives)
Event Group
Effective dose for the
individual situated
exclusion zone
(calculated for 30 days
of the release, for
exposure)
most exposed Total (cumulative) annual frequency
outside the of all events that would lead to doses
in the specified interval
since the start (95% confidence value)
all paths of
Group 1
0.1 – 1 mSv
< 1E-2
Group 2
1 – 10 mSv
< 1E-3
Group 3
10 – 100 mSv
< 1E-4
Group 4
100 – 250 mSv
< 1E-5
Group 5
250 – 500 mSv
< 1E-6
Group 6
> 500 mSv
< 1E-7
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
ALFRED Project in Romania
ALFRED - (Advanced Lead Fast Reactor European Demonstrator)
ROMANIA involvement in ALFRED project, the main mailstones:







Nuclear Research Institute from Pitesti (SCN), Romania, involved in this project
3 February 2011 – Government of Romania approved a Memorandum of MECMA (The Ministry
of Economy, Trade and Business Environment) related to the disposition of ALFRED in Romania
September 2011 – Meeting MECMA-SCN-Ansaldo-ENES (Genova). Agreement regarding the
MoU;
February 2012 – MoU subscription and start of activities.
AFFRED project in Romania – sustained by the Romanian Prime-Minister (International
Conference NUCLEAR 2012, May 2012, Pitesti, Romania).
14 May 2012 –SCN asks first time to CNCAN (the Romanian Regulatory Authority) to have a
meeting related to ALFRED project
On 5 June 2012, a team of CNCAN representatives, including the CNCAN President and the
Director of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Division went to SCN headquarter for a complex meeting related
to ALFRED
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
16
ALFRED Parameters (INR presentation)
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
17
CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania






On 5 June 2012, a team of 10 CNCAN representatives, including the CNCAN
President and the Director of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Division went to SCN headquarter
for a complex meeting related to ALFRED
SCN management and technical staff involved in ALFRED project participated in this
meeting;
The main purposes of the meeting was to have preliminary discussions regarding the
licensing process of the demonstrative reactor ALFRED in Romania and the
establishing of a roadmap and the necessary resources for the development of the
licensing activities during 2013-2025.
SCN presented to the CNCAN representatives a short history of the development of
the Generation IV reactors, the ALFRED project and also the main steps performed
up to that moment for this project and also the SCN involvement in.
There were highlighted mainly those characteristics of nuclear safety important in a
licensing process
A Minute of Meeting has been prepared and the following were established:

Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
18
CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania
CNCAN representatives presented shortly to the SCN staff the licensing
process of a nuclear installation and acknowledge the SCN staff on the
following aspects:




ALFRED will be treated as a nuclear installation and the requirements established for
Nuclear Power Plants in NSN-1 and NSN-2 will be applicable for it. Any exception
shall be justified and agreed by CNCAN.
It is very important and time-consuming to obtain an environmental license (issued by
the Ministry of Environment);
CNCAN has a good experience in the licensing of research reactors and power
reactors but only for “proven technologies”. Taking into account that ALFRED is a
new type of reactor, a demonstrative project, the licensing process will require a very
good demonstration of the safety of this reactor. Independent analyses (from those
performed by the developer) will be required to be performed by recognized, qualified
organizations in order to prove the project can be operated in safe conditions;
Discussions revealed the need of a pro-active attitude from SCN and CNCAN (and
the other stakeholders) and a work -team
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
19
CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania




The European Union opinion related to the application of requirements of art. 37. of
the EURATOM Treaty shall be required as soon as possible, at least 6 months before
the planned date for the commissioning, the releasing of this opinion implying a study
of impact on the neighboring countries in case of normal operation of the nuclear
installation and under accident conditions, including severe accidents which can affect
that installation.
The articles of the Aarhus Conventions, related to the participation of the public to the
decision process, have to be observed, as well as the statements of Espoo
Convention.
It is necessary to identify the project manager, the owner of the nuclear installation, the
operator, in order to identify the responsibilities of each part, including the liability, as
soon as possible. According to the Romanian low (Low 111/1996, art. 8 para. (6)), the
licenses are required by the owner of the installation.
A very important aspect is that one related to the quality management system and the
qualification of the personnel involved in activities of research, licensing, construction,
commissioning, operating and maintenance, on the entire development of the project.
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
20
CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania






Taking into account that the project is a new one, one important problem is related to
the applicable standards and codes. The list of applicable regulations, standards and
codes has to be agreed by CNCAN.
It was mentioned that the decommissioning activities that should be considered from
the beginning, can possible determine the necessity of a larger area for the site of the
nuclear installation (for waste treatment, waste conditioning and intermediate storage,
including from the decommissioning, intermediate spent fuel storage, etc. ).
The costs and activities related to the waste and spent-fuel management and to the
decommissioning shall be considered in details from the beginning.
It was specified that the costs related to the liability Insurance have to be also
considered, mainly taking into account that they are bigger ALFRED being an
experimental reactor,
It was mentioned that the responsibilities related to the costs resulted from a severe
accident have to be established.
It is necessary to have at least an emergency response center on site;
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
21
CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania

Related to the nuclear safety analyses required for the licensing purpose:
 The siting of ALFRED will be chosen so that the requirements of the CNCAN
norm NSN-1 to be fulfilled;
 The acceptance criteria established by the Romanian regulations for NPPs are
applicable for ALFRED (licensing for design and construction, NSN-2) ;
 The design of ALFRED will consider the requirements of NSN-2 related to the
redundancy of the systems with safety functions (two independent shutdown
systems);
 The requirements related to the qualification of the computer codes (validation,
verification) have to be respected, even if ALFRED is a new project and may
be it will be difficult to find computer code able to adequate simulate the core or
the plant systems;
 Initiating events and events combinations which can affect the installation, but
also the spent fuel storage, have to be considered. They must fulfill the dose
requirements, according to their class (based on frequency of occurrence), as
it is indicated in the CNCAN norm NSN-2;
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
22
CNCAN Position on the ALFRED Project in Romania
Related to the nuclear safety analyses required for the licensing purpose:

Related to the nuclear safety analyses required for the licensing purpose:
 Safety analyses performed for ALFRED will be independently verified;
 The hazard analysis shall further include the chemical hazard and the risk
posed for the personnel and the public, taking into account the use of the
molten lead for the reactor cooling;
 Criteria for the acceptance by the CNCAN of the project modifications shall be
considered from the beginning (when the design bases are established);


The licensing of the ALFRED reactor by CNCAN requires a generic detailed project,
sustained by deterministic and probabilistic analyses. There are necessary also
feasibility studies for ALFRED reactor site (the site water cooling sources have to be
also considered);
In order to sustain in good conditions the licensing process related to ALFRED project,
CNCAN needs human resources, financial resources, specific training for the
personnel involved in this process. All these aspects can be solved only at the
governmental level.
Technical Workshop to Review Safety and Design Aspects of European LFR Demonstrator (ALFRED), European LFR
Industrial Plant (ELFR), and European Lead Cooled Training Reactor (ELECTRA), Petten, 27-28 February 2013
23