Transcript Slide 1

Fan Problems & Solutions –
Aerodynamic
1
8
Fan Problems and Solutions- Aerodynamic
• Surge
• Inlet Box Vortex
• Rotating Stall
2
Fan Problems & Solutions
Aerodynamics
Poor Fan Performance
•
Aerodynamically Induced Vibration in Fan Systems
•
Pressure Pulsations
•
Surge
•
Inlet Box Vortex
•
Inlet Cone Vortex
•
Rotating Stall
3
Fan Problems & Solutions
Aerodynamics
Poor Fan Performance
Poor Fan Performance Includes But is not Limited to the Following:
•
Incorrectly Selected Fan for a Given Duty
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Poor Installation, Casing Leakage.
•
Incorrect Rotation of ILD & VIV.
•
Erosion, Impeller, Casings and Inlet Cones
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Incorrect Rotor Rotation
•
Poor Inlet Cone Lap & Gap
•
Leaking Shaft Seals
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Fan Problems and Solutions
Aerodynamics
Surge
Image area
•. Surge is a Specific Type of Low
iiiFlow Condition Which Creates an
iiiAerodynamic Pulsation When a
iiiFan Operates on the Positive
iiiSlope Side of its Performance
iiiCurve
• Problem is Associated with Flat
iiiBladed Fans
5
Fan Problems and Solutions
Aerodynamics
Inlet Box Vortex
Image area
• Inlet Box Vortex Occurs in Fans
iiiEquipped with Inlet Boxes
iiiBecause of the Rapid
iiiAcceleration of the Gas/Air
iiiStream as it Changes Direction
iiiFrom Radial to Axial, to Radial
iiiand Then Tangential to the
iiiImpeller
• Severity Increases with Flow
6
Fan Problems & Solutions
Aerodynamics
Inlet Box and Inlet Cone Vortex
• The Vortex is a Function of the Reynolds Number in the Inlet Box
• Gas/Air Velocity
• Inlet Box Dimension
• Kinematic Velocity
• Reducing the Reynolds Number Will Eliminate the Problem. This is
Achieved by Installing a Splitter Plate in the Inlet Box, Which Changes
The Inlet Box Dimension or Fins on Inlet Vane Blades.
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Fan Problems and Solutions
Aerodynamics
Rotating Stall
Stall Region
Is Possibly the Most Severe and
iiiDestructive Form of Pressure
iiiPulsation
●
Stall Occurs When the Angle of
iiiAttack of the Air Flow Becomes
iiiToo Severe. This Problem
iiiOccurs When the Fan is
iiiOperating on the Peak or
iiiPositive Slope of the
iiiPerformance Curve. Problem
iiiMainly Associated with Airfoil and
iiiBackward Inclined Fans
●
Image area
8
Fan Problems & Solutions
Aerodynamics
Rotating Stall
• Stall Cell Rotates in Opposite
Direction of Rotor. Sets Up a
Single Forcing Frequency at
2/3 or 4/3 Running Speed
• Rotating Stall in Axial Fans
Causes High Cycle Fatigue of
the Fan Blades and
Catastrophic Failure
• Howden Uses Stall Warning
and Detection Systems to
Prevent the Fan from Operating
in Stall
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Fan Problems & Solutions –
Aerodynamic
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