Kingdom Protista
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Transcript Kingdom Protista
Kingdom
Protista
Quiz:Tues. 12/6 over
microscopes and protists
Test:Tues. 12/13 over
microscopes, protists,
transport, respiration,
photosynthesis
Classification of Protists
Kingdom
with the most diverse
members
Unicellular
and multicellular
Heterotrophs, autotrophs, or both
Various types of cell walls
Are all Eukaryotes!!
(nucleus!)
Classifydo
bywe
how
they obtain
So…how
classify
them??
nutrition
Animal
Plant
Like—Heterotrophs
Like—Autotrophs
Amoeba
Fungus
Like—Decomposer, Parasites
This classification system does not
explain evolutionary relationships and
will probably change in the future.
Also classified by how they
move
Some
use pseudopods (false feet)
Some use flagella (like a whip)
Some use cilia (tiny hair like structures)
Some don’t move at all
This classification system does not
explain evolutionary relationships and
will probably change in the future.
Amoeba Movement Video
Animal-Like Protists
Amoeba
and Entamoeba
Pseudopods
are temporary
projections of cytoplasm (false feet)
Animal-Like Protists
Flagellates:
Have
flagella-whip like structure that aid
in movement
EX: Triconympha—lives
in the gut of
termites and helps digest wood
Trypanosomas—African sleeping
sickness caused by bite of a Tsetse fly
Animal-Like Protists
Ciliates: Move
with cilia
Hair-like
projections used for
moving and catching food
EX: Paramecium
Gullet for food intake
Contractile Vacuole—used
to pump out excess water
from the cell
Animal-Like Protists
Phylum
Sporozoans—parasitic protists
Nonmotile—do not move
EX: Plasmodium—causes Malaria, carried by
Anopheles mosquito
http://www.youtube.com/
watch?v=8GPn9rqg_HA
Ecology of Animal-Like Protists
Why
Live
are they important??
symbiotically with
other organism (termites
gut)
Live in lakes/oceans, bottom
of marine food chain
(zooplankton)
Recycle nutrients/make
organic matter
Plant-Like Protists—Algae
Unicellular
and multicellular
Autotrophs
Produce most of the worlds oxygen
Use chlorophyll and accessory
pigments to collect light
Unicellular Algae—Diatoms
Glass-like
cell walls made of silica
Forms diatomaceous soil when they
die and sink to the ocean floor.
Uses:
Filter
ponds
Abrasive in cleaners
Brightener in paints
Kills pests (slices exoskeleton)
Diatoms
Unicellular Algae—Euglena
Has
2 flagella
Contractile vacuole—
pumps out excess water
to maintain homeostasis
Pellicle—Cell wall
Eye spots—detect light
Both heterotrophic and
autotrophic (plant and
animal like)
Euglena
Multicellular Algae
Volvox: colonial
algae
Red Algaeused to
make agar
Pond scum
Brown Algae:
Sea Kelp
Diseases…
Giardia
- causes humans to
become sick when drink
water with cyst
Gonyaulax - produces toxins
that paralyze and kill (red
tide)
Potato blight - threatened
crops in Ireland, potato
famine 1846
Toxoplasmosis- found in cat
feces, can be fatal to
developing fetus
Videos
Pond
water video—good amoeba and euglena
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kB6vgZi99gw
Amoeba eating—good to look at after talking
about active transport
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojrkxmD6tT8&
feature=related
Cellular Processes of Protists
Active Transport
Moves
substances against concentration
gradient
Move from HIGH to LOW conc.
Bulk Transport
Endocytosis
(a)
– in to cell
Phagocytosis movement of
large solid molecules into
the cell
Pinocytosis is the ingestion
of extracellular fluid
Exocytosis
moves large
molecules out of cell
(b)
Ex: proteins, waste
Click Picture
for Video
Passive or Active?
Passive(no ATP)
Simple diffusion
Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion
High Low
Active(requires ATP)
Endocytosis
Phagocytosis
Pinocytosis
Exocytosis
Low
High