Transcript Slide 1

Food Processing Sanitation
Worker Safety Course
What is OSHA?
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Occupational Safety
and Health Administration
• Responsible for worker safety
and health protection
OSH Act of 1970
PURPOSE:
" . . . to assure so far as possible every
working man and woman in the Nation safe
and healthful working conditions and to
preserve our human resources."
OSHA's Purpose
Encourage employers and employees to
reduce workplace hazards and implement new
or improve existing S&H programs
 Provide for research in occupational S&H
 Maintain a reporting and recordkeeping system
to monitor job-related injuries and illnesses
 Establish occupational S&H training programs
 Develop and enforce mandatory job S&H
standards
 Provide for development and approval of state
occupational S&H programs
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Slips, Trips
& Falls
Identification &
Prevention
Costs of STFs
• Slips, trips & falls can happen anywhere in
your operation
• Slips & trips can result in falls, possibly
disability or death
• Costs to employer & worker can be
substantial
Definitions
• Slip
– Too little friction or
traction between feet
(footware) &
walking/working
surface, resulting in
loss of balance
Definitions
• Trip
– Foot or lower leg hits
object & upper body
continues moving,
resulting in loss of
balance
– Stepping down to
lower surface & losing
balance
Potential Trip Hazards?
Definitions
• Fall
– Occurs when too far off center of balance
• Two types
– Fall at same level
• Fall to same walking or working surface, or fall into
or against objects above same surface
– Fall to lower level
• Fall to level below walking or working surface
Causes of Slips
• Wet product or spills
on smooth floors or
walking surfaces
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Water
Mud
Grease
Oil
Food
Blood
Offal
Causes of Slips
• Dry product or spills making walking
surface slippery
– Dusts
– Powders
– Granules
– Wood
– Plastic wrapping
Causes of Slips
• Highly-polished floors can be slick even
when dry
– Concrete
– Marble
– Ceramic tile
• Freshly-waxed surfaces
• Transitioning from one surface to another
– Carpeted to vinyl
– Grid to smooth concrete
Causes of Slips
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Sloped walking surfaces
Loose, unanchored rugs or mats
Loose floorboards or shifting tiles
Wet, muddy or greasy shoes
Ramps & gang planks without skid- or slipresistant surfaces
Causes of Slips
• Metal surfaces
– Dockboards & dock plates
– Platforms
– Sidewalk & road covers
• Mounting & dismounting vehicles &
equipment
• Climbing ladders
• Loose, irregular surfaces such as gravel
Causes of Slips
• Sloped, uneven or muddy terrain
• Weather hazards
• Leaves, pine needles & other plant debris
(wet or dry)
Causes of Trips
• Uncovered hoses, cables, wires or
extension cords across aisles or walkways
• Clutter, obstacles in aisles, walkway &
work areas
• Open cabinet, file or desk drawers & doors
Causes of Trips
• Changes in elevation or levels
– Unmarked steps or ramps
• Rumpled or rolled-up carpets/mats or
carpets with curled edges
• Irregularities in walking surfaces
– Thresholds or gaps
• Missing or uneven floor tiles & bricks
Causes of Trips
• Damaged steps
• Non-uniform, improper or irregular steps
– Taller of shorter
– Shallower tread depth
– Otherwise irregular
Riser
Tread
Causes of Trips
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Debris, accumulated waste materials
Trailing cables, pallets, tools in gangways
Objects protruding from walking surface
Uneven surfaces
Sidewalk/curb drops
Speed bumps
Tire bumpers
Wheelchair ramps & curbs
Driveways
Environmental Conditions
Increasing Risk of Trips & Slips
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Poor lighting
Glare
Shadows
Bulky PPE (includes
improper footware)
Excess noise or
temperature
Fog or misty conditions
Poor housekeeping
Improper cleaning
methods & products
Inadequate or missing
signage
Human Factors Increasing
Risk of Trips & Slips - Physical
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Failing eyesight &/or visual perception
Age
Physical condition & fatigue
Stress or illness
Medications, alcohol & drug effects
Human Factors Increasing
Risk of Trips & Slips - Behavior
• Carrying or moving cumbersome objects
or simply too many objects at one time
• Not paying attention to surroundings or
walking distracted
• Taking unapproved shortcuts
• Being in a hurry and rushing
Machine Guarding
Machine Hazards
Hazardous Motions
Methods of machine
safeguarding
• Physical guards
• Devices
• Location/Distance
Fixed Guard
Provides a barrier - a permanent part of the
machine, preferable to all other types of guards.
Interlocked Guard
When this type of guard is opened or removed, the
tripping mechanism and/or power automatically
shuts off or disengages, and the machine cannot
cycle or be started until the guard is back in place.
Interlocked
guard on
revolving drum
Adjustable Guard
Provides a barrier which may be adjusted to
facilitate a variety of production operations.
Bandsaw blade
adjustable guard
Self-Adjusting Guard
Provides a barrier which moves according to
the size of the stock entering the danger area.
Circular table saw
self-adjusting guard
• One or more methods of machine
guarding shall be provided to protect the
operator and other employees in the
machine area from hazards such as those
created by the point of operation, in-going
nip points, rotating parts, flying chips and
sparks.
• The point of operation of machines whose
operation exposes an employee to injury,
shall be guarded.
• All belts, pulleys, gears, shafts, and
moving parts shall be guarded in
accordance with the specific requirements
of 1910.219.
• Horizontal, vertical, and inclined shafting
must be enclosed.
• Projecting shaft ends shall present a
smooth edge and end and shall not project
more than 1/2 the diameter of the shaft
unless guarded by non rotating cap or
safety sleeves.
• Pulleys 7ft. or less
above the floor or
platform must be
guarded.
• Pulleys with cracks or
pieces broken out of
rims shall not be used.
Lockout Tagout
• During normal operation equipment should
be guarded to prevent accidental contact
with moving parts
• When we bypass guards for servicing and/
or maintenance (cleaning) we need to
ensure the worker is protected by using
Lockout Tagout procedures.
Energy types
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Electrical
Mechanical
Hydraulic
Pneumatic
Chemical
Thermal
Other
Energy control procedure
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Notification of employees
Preparation for shutdown
Machine or equipment shutdown
Machine or equipment isolation
Lockout/tagout device application
Stored energy
Verification of isolation
Release from lockout/tagout
Lockout procedure
• VERIFICATION OF ISOLATION
– Prior to servicing or maintenance, authorized
employee must verify machine has been deenergized
Hardware requirements
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Durable
Standardized
Substantial
Identifiable
Durable…
Hardware must be (cont.):
• Identifiable – identify the employee who
applied
– Tags must include legend such as DO NOT
START
Locked Out
Tagged Out of
Service
General Requirements
• (a)Protective equipment,
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Shall
be
provided,
including personal
used, and
protective equipment for:
maintained in a
– Eyes,
sanitary and reliable
condition wherever
– Face,
it is necessary by
– Head, and extremities,
reason of hazards
– Protective clothing,
of processes or
– Respiratory devices, and
environment
– Protective shields and
barriers,
General Requirements
• (a)Includes:
– Chemical hazards,
– Radiological hazards, or
– Mechanical irritants
• Encountered in a manner capable of causing
injury or impairment in the function of any part
of the body through absorption, inhalation or
physical contact.
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C ertification of P erson al P rotective E q u ip m en t H azard
A ssessm en t
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C O M P A N Y N A M E :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
D E P A R T M E N T (S ) E V A L U A T E D :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
N A M E /T IT L E :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
D A T E :_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
Job
H azard s
P P E R eq u ired
Training
• (2)Workers must demonstrate an
understanding of the training and the ability to
use PPE properly, before being allowed to
perform work requiring the use of PPE:
– (4)Verify that each employee has received and
understood the required training through a written
certification that contains:
• The name of each employee trained,
• The date(s) of training, and that
• Identifies the subject of the certification
Routes of Exposure
Inhalation
Absorption
What is the 4th route of exposure??
Ingestion
Should eye and face protection be
worn?
Good Personal Hygiene Practices
For ALL Employees Include
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Good Personal Habits
Proper Clothing
Good Health
Hand Washing
Handling Products Properly
Keep Yourself Clean
• Bathe or shower
daily
• Keep fingernails
clean and trimmed
at all times
How to Wash Your Hands
1. Wet hands with warm water;
2. Use ample liquid soap from a dispenser;
3. Lather exposed arms and hands for 20
seconds by vigorously rubbing;
4. Thoroughly rinse hands in warm water;
5. Use foot operated faucets to prevent
re-contamination of hands;
6. Dry hands thoroughly and properly
dispose of paper towels;
7. Dip hands in sanitizing solution; and
8. Do not touch unsanitary objects.
Body protection summary
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Chemical protective rain suits
Slip resistant shoes
Safety glasses
Face shield
Gloves
Hearing protection and respirators (when
appropriate)
• Proper hygiene practices
Purpose
• The purpose of the standard
is to make sure that the
hazards of chemicals are
evaluated
• That information concerning
their hazards is
communicated to employers
and employees
Background
• The Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) is
based on a simple concept--that employees
have both a need and a right to know the
hazards and identities of the chemicals they are
exposed to when working
Background
• They also need to know what protective
measures are available to prevent adverse
effects from occurring
• The HCS is designed to provide employees
with the information they need
MSDS
Labels – NFPA
Diamond
• RED
- Flammability
• BLUE
- Health
• YELLOW - Reactivity
• WHITE - Special
{NFPA – National Fire Protection Association}
Labels - Health Hazard
• What the numbers show
0 = No hazard
1 = Slight hazard
2 = Dangerous
3 = Extreme danger
4 = Deadly
Labels – Flammability
• What the numbers show
0=
1=
2=
3=
4=
Will not burn
Ignites above 200 degrees F
Ignites below 200 degrees F
Ignites below 100 degrees F
Ignites below 73 degrees F
Based on Flash Point {the temperature at which a material gives off enough
vapors to sustain ignition}
Labels - Reactivity
• What the numbers show
0 = Stable
1 = Normally Stable
2 = Unstable
3 = Explosive
4 = May detonate
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)
are one of the most important tools
available to employers
for providing information, and protection
to workers from hazardous chemicals
which are used in the workplace.
For The Poultry Industry
Introduction-Hazards
• There are several hazards associated with
electricity:
– Shock or electrocution from contact with circuits
– Burns associated with electrical contact can be very
serious
– Falls can potentially be a secondary hazard
– Arc flash or arc blast (equipment malfunctions)
Effects on the Body
Depends on:
Current and Voltage
Resistance
Path through body
Duration of shock
• More than 10 mAMuscle contraction –
“No Let Go” danger
• More than 3 mAPainful shock- cause
indirect accident
• More than 30 mALung paralysis,
usually temporary
General Requirements
• The equipment used
or permitted have to
be approved by a
nationally recognized
testing laboratory.
• Do not use equipment
that is not approved.
• 1 9 1 0 .3 0 3 (a ) A p p ro v a l
– A ll e le c tric a l c o n d u c to rs a n d e q u ip m e n t
s h a ll b e a p p ro v e d .
U N D E R W R IT E R S
L A B O R A T O R IE S
L IS T E D
E N C L O S E D S W IT C H
Is s u e A K 3 2 2 5
1 9 1 0 .3 0 3 (a )
N E C A rtic le 1 1 0 -2
5
Approval
Example: Cord cap with
wafer-Not approved
Example: Extension cordListed or approved?
Installation and Use
• All damaged electrical
equipment should be
immediately reported
to management.
• Note equipment is
designed to be
mounted, but has
been stripped or
otherwise damaged.
Equipment
• Conductors can not
be exposed to
adverse conditions,
unless made for those
conditions.
– Note: Cleaning
solutions used in
sanitation could
potentially damage the
equipment
Note: Disconnect
is capable of
being locked out
Tags must
always be
used with
locks
Note: Seal used to
close unused
opening.
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters
• Single phase15 and 20
amp, 125 volt receptacles
in baths and roofs must
have GFCI (NEC also
states all kitchens).
• Temporary wiringMaintenance and repair
– GFCI on all receptacles not
part of permanent structure
• Allows for equipment
grounding conductor
program in some cases.
Note: A GFCI and ground
fault protection are not the
same. Ground fault protection
is designed to protect
equipment only.
Testing GFCI at the Poultry
Processing Facilities
• Included in the manufacturers
instructions, which is included
with each circuit breaker or
receptacle and falls under
listing and labeling of
equipment is:
• The device is to be tested on a
monthly basis.
• PURPOSE: The following will
indicate why.
• A study reveals that up to 20%
of the equipment does not
function.
• The GFCI device may allow
current flow even though the
device is defective.
• Voltage surges such as
lightning in the area, or power
company switching can
damage a GFCI.
• Always test after the device is
tripped.
Confined
Spaces
Confined Space
• Confined space is space that:
• Is large enough & so configured that
employee can bodily enter & perform
assigned work
• Has limited or restricted means for entry or
exit (i.e. tanks, vessels, silos, pits, vaults or
hoppers)
• Is not designed for continuous employee
occupancy
Permit-Required
Confined Space
• Permit-Required Confined Space is
confined space that has one or more of
following characteristics:
• Contains or has potential to contain
hazardous atmosphere
• Contains material that has potential for
engulfing entrant
Permit-Required
Confined Space
• Has internal configuration such that
entrant could be trapped or asphyxiated by
inwardly converging walls or by floor which
slopes downward & tapers to smaller
cross-section
• Contains any other serious safety or
health hazard
Examples
The End
• Summary?