Transcript Analytical Chemistry Presentation
Analytical Chemistry Division
2014
Analytical Chemistry
• • • •
Not JUST titrations!
We’re doing research in topics as diverse as better batteries, labs-on-chips, forensics, explosives detection and degradation, and better body armor.
We use almost every instrument you’ve seen plus some.
Two of the departments’ scanning probe instruments are in the Analytical Division.
Analytical Chemistry Members
• • • • • • • • •
CDR Rob Calhoun Professor Graham Cheek Professor Christine Copper Professor Judith Hartman Associate Professor Dianne Luning Prak Professor Dan O’Sullivan Professor Maria Schroeder Associate Professor Ron Siefert Professor Paul Trulove
RESEARCH INTERESTS
Prof. G. Cheek Mi 144 36625 Electrochemistry of organic compounds 1. Effect of Lewis acids on reaction pathways 2. Bio-electrochemistry of amino acids 3. Kolbe reaction RCOO RCOO .
2 R .
- 1 e → R .
→ RCOO + CO 2 .
→ R 2 Solvents : Ionic liquids, water, acetonitrile + N Forensic Applications 1. Soil Characterization : X-Ray Fluorescence 2. Paper / Ink Characterization : Raman Spectroscopy CF 3 SO 3 -
RESEARCH INTERESTS Prof. G. Cheek Effect of Lewis acids on organic reactions Use of NMR, UV-VIS ?
+ Yb(TfO) 3 + N CF 3 SO 3 Ionic liquid BMPY TfO Bio-electrochemistry of amino acids - 2 e - 2 H + cystine cysteine also dipeptides ?
Development of Separation and Detection Methods for Environmentally Important Molecules Prof Christine Copper [email protected]
Michelson 265
project will also include collaboration with scientists at the Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. or at Drexel University
Capillary Electrophoresis (CE)
• • • • • CE was first used in the early 1980’s.
Reasonably high sensitivity (ppm or ppb) Short separation time (<5 min) Small Sample Volume (nanoliters) Can be done on a microchip device instead of in a column
* Separation is achieved based on different rates of migration of charged species in an applied electric field.
Instrumentation
CE instrument is in MI 264.
This automated instrument can run samples when you are not there!
Capillary Electrophoresis can be used to detect… • • • • • • • Explosives in seawater Poisons in beverages Ozone in submarine atmospheres Nerve agents in atmospheres Polyaromatic hydrocarbons in environmental samples Carbon monoxide poisoning in blood Illicit drugs in urine Current students: Micala Migneault and Clay Aronica
Assoc. Prof. Dianne Luning Prak ( [email protected]
) & Prof. Paul Trulove July 19-20, 2012 demonstration successfully evaluated the performance of “drop in replacement” advanced biofuel [50-50 mixtures of biofuel (made from used cooking oil and algae) and petroleum-based marine diesel or aviation fuel. ] http://greenfleet.dodlive.mil/energy/great-green-fleet/ Midn 1/C Sarah Alexandre Fuel certification program/Office of Naval Research Goal: Analysis and testing of alternative fuels: density, viscosity, surface tension, speed of sound, bulk modulus, flash point, enthalpy of combustion (bomb calorimetry) Luning Prak, D. J., Alexandre, S. M., Cowart, J. S., Trulove, P.C., “Density, Viscosity, Speed of Sound, Bulk Modulus, Surface Tension, and Flash Point of Binary Mixtures of N-Dodecane with 2,2,4,6,6 Pentamethylheptane or 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-Heptamethylnonane” submitted to J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1/14
Photolysis of munitions constituents
Unexploded Ordnance in shallow waters
http:// www.SERDP.org
How does the photolysis behavior of munitions constituents in marine systems differ from that in fresh water systems?
· salinity · nitrate · dissolved organic matter Midn 1/C James Breuer SUNSHINE LAB Solar Simulator HPLC with autosampler Project involves · preparing solutions · using solar simulator · analyzing samples with HPLC · identifying products solid-phase extraction, LC/MS
Luning Prak, D.J., Milewski, E.A., Jedlicka, E.E., Kersey, A.J., O’Sullivan, D.W., 2013, “Influence of pH, Temperature, Salinity, and Dissolved Organic Matter on the Photolysis of 2,4-dinitrotoluene and 2,6-dinitrotoluene in Seawater,” Marine Chemistry, 157, 233-241.
Professor Schroeder’s Research Interests
Harold Edgerton, photographer Projectile hitting elastomer at > 500 mph - Improved Polymer Coatings for: - Military Transport (Humvees) - Body Armor - Hazardous Material Transport (DTRA) - Transparent Armor (ARL) - Laboratory Development: - Experiments in support of Chemistry of Cooking course - Experiments for the IL courses
Motivation for Coatings Research
•
To understand the mechanisms
Polymer synthesis,
•
of impact protection of polymer-coated surfaces characterization, processing
Engineering,
• •
protection no protection projectiles hitting elastomers at high speed To understand temp effects (T To utilize nanoparticles g ) physical and mechanical testing
Materials Science Ballistic testing
Basic research with To improve armor protection military applications
Continuing Student Project (DTRA) Protective Coatings for Hazardous Material Transport
Current Research Student 1/C Philip Solt North Dakota Dec 31, 2013 Train Derailment – Lac-Megantic, Quebec 74 train cars containing crude oil 42 persons killed, 30 buildings destroyed July 6, 2013 Research Collaboration: Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA)
Ron Siefert Associate Professor 3-6336 (office), Mi-243 (office), Mi-240 (lab) Current Projects / Development of Nanoporous Sorbent Materials Novel Sorbents (PMOs: periodic mesoporous organisilicas) -For Analysis of Nitroenergetics (i.e, explosives) -For Analysis of Perchlorates (used as propellants) -As a substrate for catalysts to destroy contaminants Past Projects Vehicle NH 3 Emissions Agricultural NH 3 Emissions Measurements in the Chesapeake Bay Iron in Marine Aerosols Deposition of Nutrients to Surface Waters
Enhanced Detection of Explosives and Related Compounds Nanoporous Photocatalysts for Decontamination of Nerve Agents OBJECTIVE: Develop organosilicas as sorbents applicable to the preconcentration of nitroenergetics and perchlorates for enhancement of in situ detection techniques APPROACH: Characterize the binding characteristics (e.g., selectivity, capacity, kinetics) of imprinted PMOs for nitroenergetics and perchlorate propellants. Use of HPLC and IC.
Lab on a Chip Microfluidic devices using electro-osmotic flow.
Natural Polymers
Natural polymers are renewable materials that have many attractive properties. Some natural silks have strength and toughness comparable to the best synthetic polymers.
The ability to modify and tailor the shape and properties of natural polymers is limited.
CH 3 COO − R N + N R'' R'
Ionic Liquids Solvents
We have shown that ionic liquids are powerful solvents for the dissolution and processing of a wide variety of natural polymers.
The solvating ability of ionic liquids provides a powerful tool for the modification and processing of natural polymers.
Department of Chemistry MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS
Investigated the impact co-solvent properties on the natural fiber welding process
Demonstrated Inkjet printing of ionic liquids on natural fiber substrates
Utilized Laser heating to spatially control the welding of natural fiber substrates
Developed a continuous fiber welding process to coat yarns with functional solid materials
Evaluated the electrochemical and knitting properties of yarn based supercapacitors
Studied incorporation of fire retardant materials in natural yarns via fiber welding
Current Impact
Producing natural materials with dramatically enhanced mechanical properties
Enabling tuneable natural material properties with high spatial resolution
Facilitating the integration of functional solid materials with electrical, magnetic and optical properties into natural fiber matrices
Research Goals
Develop multi-functional natural materials and coatings with unique electronic, optical, and sensing properties for Air Force and DoD relevant applications in areas such as ballistic protection, energy storage, microelectronics, stealth, laser eye protection, optical computing, chem./bio sensing, in situ medical applications
17
Control of Natural Fiber Welding Using Inkjet Printing of Ionic Liquids piezoelectric inkjet thermal inkjet
Department of Chemistry
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_Piezo
– Rhodamine/Ionic Liquid – Substrate
18
Laser Induced Natural Fiber Welding
Laser Ionic Liquid Natural Fiber Substrate
Use a Laser to Spatially Control the Welding of Ionic Liquid Coated Cotton Paper
CNC 40 W CO 2
Department of Chemistry
laser with raster and/or vector operation
19
Use of Ionic Liquids to Fabricate Biopolymer Composite Materials Knitted Electrochemical Capacitors for Smart Textiles*
Bamboo (0.54 mg/cm)
Department of Chemistry
* Collaboration with Drexel University
20
Knitted Linen/Bamboo/Viscose Capacitors!
+ + +
Yarn Electrode Yarn Separator Yarn Electrode
Department of Chemistry
21