Transcript Document

“Robin Wood”
Technical meeting
Presov
Dec 15th -16th, 2005
ARE LIGURIA SPA
Regional Energy Agency of Liguria
Via Peschiera 16
16121 Genova
E-mail: [email protected]
Tel. +39 010 8403343
Fax +39 010 8403397
Summary
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Liguria and ARE Liguria: who we are
The Regional Energy Plan
Link with Robinwood
Our “choices”…
What we have done practically
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Val di Vara
Val Bormida
6. Other projects going on in Liguria
7. Robinwood deliverables
1. Liguria Region
GENOVA
SAVONA
LA SPEZIA
IMPERIA
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Population: 1.560.748 inhabitants
Area: 5.421 km2
Provinces: Genova, Savona, La Spezia, Imperia
Municipalities: 235
ARE Liguria S.p.A.: who we are
ARE Liguria S.p.A. is the “technical structure serving the Region of Liguria
in the area of energy policies and sustainable development”
(Regional Law no. 18/99)
INSTITUTIONAL ROLE
Carrying out regional policies
OPERATIVE ROLE
Taking initiative, promoting
and participating directly
in the implementation of projects
• Technical Support to Public Administrations
• Managing relations between local government and private/public operators
• Solution finding for projects in the energy field
• Promoter of projects with renewable energy sources
• Dissemination and Education
2. The Regional Energy Plan
In December 2003 the Region of Liguria
approved its Regional Energy and
Environmental Plan (PEAR) with the
following objectives by 2010:
• Stabilise emissions to 1990 levels;
• Increase energy efficiency in the most
consuming sectors;
• Reach at least 7% of the total energy
production through RES
Implementation approach
TWO phases:
1. Testing: Energy Plan to be tested in pilot
areas (best practices) in 2003-05
2. Implementation: throughout the Region
in 2006-2010.
What is a “pilot area”?
Pilot areas, selected by the Region together with
Local Authorities, are conceived to find and test:
 economic feasibility
 repeatibility of interventions
especially in the field of renewable sources of
energy.
Objectives of the pilot areas
 Test the implementation process of the
Plan
 Find and measure the tools to apply
afterwards to the whole regional territory.
Pilot areas: selection criteria
From the macro-criteria:
territory and energy
we derive more specific criteria
Territory
Socio-economics
Environment
Energy
Territorial planning
(PTR, PTCP, ECC)
Renewable energy
potential
Infrastructures
Energy demand
Technology
Pilot areas
1. Energy from wooden biomass
2. Solar thermal in tourism
3. Energy savings in buildings
4. Energy efficiency in industrial areas through
self-production
5. Special interventions in the fields of wind energy
and small-hydro
3. Link with Robinwood…
Resorting to woodland biomass becomes
particularly important as a way of protecting
and safeguarding the natural environment.
The use of this energy source could mean the
reclamation of neglected woodland areas, not
only for recreational and cultural reasons, but
also as a means of developing a defence
against fires and hydro-geological disruption,
two illnesses which devastate vast areas of
Liguria every year.
3. Link with Robinwood…
Objectives
Manage and care
abandoned forests
Strategy
Forest management
Prevent fires and
hydrogeological
disorders
Promote the
economic exploitation
of wood (agricolture, tourism,
handcraft, commerce, etc.)
Increase employment
Wood residues for energy
Small heating plants
4. Our choices: Wood to energy
PEAR classification for wooden biomass
Wood to energy
Waste to energy
Biomass sources
Following PEAR classification, biomass can be divided in:
 Wooden biomass originating from forestry use
in the woodland areas
 Wooden biomass originating from scraps,
woodchip, saw-mill (untreated)
 Wooden biomass originating from the upkeep of
urban parks and gardens
Sizes of wooden biomass power plants
• Target: to install a capacity of 150 MWth (also in CHP)
• Priority: thermal power < 300 MWth (per plant)
• Size suggested by PEAR: 1-4 MWel
Scenario
A
B
C
Potenza
installata MWt
MWt
150
150
150
Impianti
domestici
MWt
150
70
70
Impianti
Cogenerazione
industriali
MWt
MWt
0
0
80
0
0
80
Rendimenti Ipotizzati %
80
25 e
20 e + 45 t
Ore funzionamento
2000
7000
7000
Tools for the implementation of wood
chain
• Financial tools: incentives, taxes, etc.
• Administrative tools: shorter procedures, Sportello
Unico (special single office that gives all
autorizations)
• Marketing tools: labelling, promotion and
dissemination
• Sustainability tools: Environmental Impact
Assessment, Environmental Strategic Assessment,
EMAS, ISO 14000, energy certification
• Evaluation and monitoring tools
Tools for the implementation of
wood chain
• Managerial tools: ESCos, cooperatives,
multiutility companies
• Cooperation tools: partnerships with local
stakeholders and between regional/local
authorities
• Technical assistance: for start-ups
• Technical tools: building regulations, feasibility
studies, Informative Energy System
Approach
For a correct biomass plant project it is
necessary to take into account:
• Energy demand (especially thermal energy)
• Availability of wooden biomass
• Availability of suitable areas
• Possibility of grid connection (in case of
electricity production)
5. What we have done practically
Pilot areas for wooden biomass: where?
Alta Val Bormida
Val di Vara
Mountain community
GENOVA
SAVONA
LA SPEZIA
IMPERIA
In Liguria there are 19 mountain communities
Activities in pilot areas
Energy
consumption
analysis
Analysis of
territorial
barriers
Energy
potential from
biomass
Identification of best sites
Power plant project
Business plan (plant and supply chain)
Implementation
(2006)
Energy consumption and potential from
biomass
STEEPNESS
< 50 %
106.258
t/year
MEDIA BASSA
VAL DI VARA
31.829 t/year
Electricity consumption: 78,2 GWh
Thermal consumption:
•Private houses(104.696 MWh
•industrial (2.500 MWh),
•others (18.000 MWh).
Low value of thermal consumption
STEEPNESS
< 35 %
47.399
t/year
M. B. VALLE
13.089 t/year
ALTA
VAL DI VARA
74.429 t/year
ALTA
VAL DI VARA
34.310 t/year
steepness
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Thermal consumption not
concentrated
Widespread distribution of the
methane gas network
Foreseen biomass plants
2. Matching with
CHP
1. Pellets production
plant
• Capacity: 2 t/h (9.000t/y)
• Woodchip consumption:
16.000 t/y
• Electricity supplied to the grid
• Thermal power used for pellets
production plant and others industrial
users
• Size: 1.6 MW or 500 kW (electric
power)
Technology
Plant
Potential
Biomass annual
consumption
Cost
(Millions €)
Fuel
Pellets
2 t/year
14.400
1,8
Cogeneration
plants
Steam
Organic fluids
1.700 kWel
475 kWel
22.000
6.400
3,9
3.5
Management tool: consortium!
Who will join the consortium ?
- Municipalities and private landwood owners
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Others (mountain community, local enterprises related to forest activities)
Which will be the mission?
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Redaction of local Forest Management Plans
Research for public funds
Forest certification
Training, negotiation, partnerships
Business plan
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Cost analysis
Cash-flow
Payback period
Profit-loss balance
aims:
• Test the economic profitability
• Address the repeatibility of interventions (in other
areas)
Business plan: results
Power plant
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Pay back time:
– Pellet 8 years
– CHP (Rankine Cycle): 5 years
– CHP ORC 6 years
Payback period is heavily influenced by
the cost of woodchip
Forest management
 % of managed woodland increase
every year
 Job creation: 30
 Payback period : 8 years
Forest management kick
off needs financial
support
Solutions
Solutions identified for Val Bormida:
• District heating in the Municipality of
Carcare
• Small CHP (in relation with local wood
market) in the Municipality of Massimino
Biomass power plants characteristics
District heating
Municipality of Carcare
• For public users only (schools
and gym)
• Size: 800 kW (thermal power)
• Consumption: ~ 1000 t/y of
woodchip
CHP - Municipality
of Massimino
• Electricity supplied to the grid
• Thermal power used for
heating-processes of local
enterprises (transformation of
wood) and for domestic
heating
• Size: 600 kW (electric power)
• Consumption: ~ 16.500 t/y of
woodchip
District heating for the Municipality of
Carcare: success factors
 Public buildings in a restricted area
 Good access conditions for supply (lorry can easily reach the silo)
 Good conditions for district heating network (underground)
 Administration interested and committed to the project
 Volume (public buildings): about 49.000 mc
Size: 800 kW (thermal power)
 Energy production on annual basis: 1.308.000 kWh
 Woodchip consumption : 978 t/anno
 Cost: 600.000 Euro
CHP for the Municipality of Massimino:
success factors
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Availability of suitable areas
Possibility of grid connection
Green certificates for the first 8 years
Agreement between Municipality and local sawmill
Municipality that is interested and committed to the project
Possibility to use the Thermal power for heating-processes of local
enterprises (transformation of wood) and for domestic heating
 Net electric power: 570 kW
 Thermal power: 2870 kW
 Production of electricity on annual basis: 4.788.000 kWh
 Woodchip consumption: 16.600 t/y
 Cost: 2.800.000 Euro
Business plan: results
POWER PLANT
FOREST MANAGEMENT
Both based on technical average life of plants
15 years
BENEFITS
• Increase in managed woodland area
• Protection of environment
• Development of local wood market
• Job creation
Conclusions
• District heating is interesting from an economical
point of view only if supported by public funds
(around 30%) with a pay-back period below 5 years
and 20 – 25 % savings for final users
• CHP is interesting also for privates (construction and
management of plant) with a pay-back period
around 5 years
Next steps – january 2005
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Document of intent between public bodies
involved in the projects (region, provinces,
mountain communities)
Detailed analysis of supply chain
Detailed analysis legal and administrative
steps to put in practice to start-up the plants
Call for tender (project financing)
6. Other projects going on in Liguria
• Mountain Community Valli Stura e Orba
3 district heating plants (Rossiglione and Campoligure in use, Masone
under construction)
Total Thermal Power  3 MWth
Average use per plant  1.000 tons/year
Forest consortium S.O.B.E.A. combining forest owners, forest operators,
plant management team.
• Alta Valle Arroscia
Project for CHP Plant
Electric Power  1.8 MWe
Annual use of chips  20.000 tons/year
District pipe length  1.200 m
Project co-financed with public fund (objective 2 area)
Other projects going on in Liguria
• Mountain Community Giovo
Project for District Heating plant
Thermal Power  2.4 MWth
Annual Use of chips  2.600 tons/year
Percentage of local wood  95%
Interested area  600 hectare
Final planning  farm out phase
• Mountain Community Valle Scrivia – CHP 1.8 MW
• Municipality of Rocchetta Vara – District heating 100 kW
• Municipalities of Calizzano, Bardineto, Bormida
7. Robinwood deliverables
A. Wood fuel report for Liguria Region (done)
B. Analysis of regional resources (done)
C. Analysis of wood resources and energy
demand (in progress)
D. List of stakeholder (in progress)
E. Catalogue of technologies and logistic
systems (in progress)
A. Wood fuel report for Liguria Region - 1
Woodland areas: 83% private ownership 11% municipalities
Wood fuel report for Liguria Region:
• Wood fuel resource
Data source and parameters
Resource assessment
Typical trading condition for timber
Conclusions of resource assessment
• Wood energy use
Typical energy users
Different types of wood energy use
The stake of renewable energy sources against total energy production
• Regulation
• Support mechanisms and activities
Specific regional activities and projects
Specific regional instruments to encourage the use of renewable energy sources
Stakeholders
• Potential market for wood fuelled heating
Potential market
• Conclusions and recommendations
A. Wood fuel report for Liguria Region - 2
Conclusions and recommendations
The analysis highlights:
• potential development for wood fuel market, deriving from the high availability of woodland biomass of
the territory
• obstacles rising from scarce attention to the management and maintenance problems of woodland asset
and rural areas often characterised by progressive depopulation of both inhabitants and industries connected
to the local resources.
Regional Energy Environmental Plan
planning instrument both for energy and environment.
Through the promotion of the use of wood fuel and the support to troubled sectors connected to the wood resources,
the Plan seeks for successful effects on a local scale, also in terms of employment generated by new local industries.
pilot areas
• solutions for the improvement of woodland biomass
• foundation for the successful replication within the regional territory, of plants and
organisational and managerial schemes based on associations of forestry management
that, together with the traditional timber products, are capable of energy production
within a technically viable and economically sustainable process.
A. Wood fuel report for Liguria Region - 3
Province
Woodland surface (hectares)
Regional Forestry Plan
ISTAT survey 1991
CORINE Programme
Genova
99.669
47.993
121.212
Imperia
44.295
31.549
51.077
La Spezia
52.139
32.319
58.357
Savona
98.458
80.011
106.201
TOTAL
294.561
191.872
336.847
Energy potential from woodland biomass
Province
Toe
%
Genova
155.959
34%
Imperia
69.244
15%
La Spezia
81.865
18%
Savona
156.545
34%
TOTAL
463.613
100%
Short-medium term perspectives for
wood-energy in Liguria
• Small district heating plants
For public/private users
- Demand for spot thermal energy
- Lack of funding
• Co-generation plants in industrial areas/wood transformation
- Critical point: small size for scarce resources availability
- High cost of wood chips (> 0,45 €/ton)
• Plants for pellets production
- High demand of pellets
- Small demand of wood chips (19.000 tons/year)
- Funding of Environmental Ministry
10% plant
30 – 50% stoves
B. Regional resources available
Information about usable resources concerning wood energy in Liguria comes
from:
• Forestry Map (2002) official Regional Technical Map - scale 1:25.000.
• Land Use Map (2000) originates from the CORINE legend - scale 1:25.000.
Forestry map
Forestry Map
It ensures an immediate view of useful
territorial reference points, permits the
organisation of forestry/woodland
themes on a geometrical matrix identical
to all the different products on the
Territorial Informative System of the
Region of Liguria (S.I.T.A.R.)
For each forestry/woodland theme it is
possible to know the surface and the
perimeter
Land use map
Land Use Map
It indicates the inhabited and settled
areas, burnt land areas, anthropic strips
and terracing, inlay of the categories,
artificially (manmade) shaped terrain,
farming land, woodlands and seminatural environments, humid areas,
water, etc.
The Land Use Map originates from the
CORINE legend (CORdination de
l’INformation pour l’Environment)
C. Analysis of wood resources - 1
The theoretical potential of extractable wood biomass was calculated on the basis of woodland surface area
which could be cut down annually in accordance with an appropriate turnover system, followed up by
quantifying the volume of biomass that could, in theory, be extracted while leaving the forestry patrimony intact.
• percentage of the areas annually felled set at 2% for each type of high forest and 4% for copses.
• turnover of the trees, aged 50 for high forest and 25 years for copses, takes into account an operation of treefelling that does not cause alteration to the area’s natural physiology.
• volume mass, for dry substances in high forest, of 0.45-0.60 t/mc (as per type), in comparison with timber
production equal to 300-400 mc/ha, while in the case of coppices the mass to be used is 0.70 ton/m3 (dry
material) and timber production is set at 140 m3/ha.
Volume mass, wood production and felling
% per year
Volume mass
(tons/mq)
Wood production
(mq/ha)
Resinuous (high forest) coppice
2
0,45
400
Hardwood coppice
2
0,60
300
Mixed coppice
2
0,50
300
Copse
4
0,70
140
Woodland type
Next step: find more detailed data
for every single mountain community
C. Analysis of energy demand
THERMAL
• available data only
for domestic heating for
every municipalities
(not derived from a
survey but from
calculations)
Difficulties to
overcome
ELECTRICAL
• available data for
every province (derived
from a survey) per sector
(buildings, industry, agricolture)
• Lack of information on thermal consumpion
• Different level of fragmentation (region, province,
mountain community, municipalities)
D. Selection of technologies
On the basis of results achieved in the pilot
areas, the most interesting technologies for
Liguria are:
• District heating (especially for public users)
• CHP (<5MW) with classical Rankine Cycle or
with Organic Rankine Cycle
• Pellets stoves
• Pellets production plants