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Department of the Environment
Ground Water Rule
Laboratory Presentation
Presentation Overview
• Why the GWR regulations were created.
• General requirements of the GWR.
• Focus on laboratory/ sampling requirements.
• Handouts/ question and answer.
Why??
• EPA is particularly concerned about
ground water systems (GWSs) that are
susceptible to fecal contamination
because these systems may be at risk of
supplying water that contains harmful
microbial pathogens
Purpose of the GWR
• Reduce public health risk associated
with fecal contamination for people
served by groundwater sources.
– Viruses
– Bacteria
PWS Requirements
Notification of 4-log treatment of viruses
Required By:
December 1, 2009
Required Beginning:
Triggered source water monitoring
Corrective actions
Compliance monitoring
New sources placed in service must meet triggered
source water monitoring requirements or conduct
compliance monitoring for 4-log treatment of water
States can require GWSs to conduct assessment source
water monitoring
December 1, 2009
To Whom Does the GWR Apply
• Systems producing and relying 100% on
ground water.
• Consecutive systems receiving ground water.
• Mixed systems using surface and ground water.
– Unless they combine all their ground water with
surface water prior to treatment meeting the SWTR.
Key Provisions of the GWR
1. Sanitary surveys. (MDE)
2. Corrective action. (MDE- Water Systems)
1. Significant deficiencies.
2. Fecal contamination.
3. Monitoring. (You- Water Systems)
1. Source Water Monitoring. (Triggered or Assessment)
2. Compliance Monitoring.
Ground Water System
Triggered Source
Water Monitoring
Assessment Source Water Monitoring
4 Log Treatment
and Compliance
Monitoring
GWR and TCR Relationship
• TCR and the GWR work together.
• TCR positive may indicate a problem with
the ground water source.
• So, a TCR positive sample triggers a
“Triggered Source Water Sample”
– Exceptions
Triggered Source Water Sample
• Ground water system must.
– Collect at least 1 raw water sample per TCR
positive at each source that was operating
when the TCR positive sample was taken.
– Collect the triggered source water sample
within 24 hours of being notified of the
positive TCR sample.
• Time extension is possible.
Triggered Source Water Sample
• Must be analyzed for a fecal indicator
1. E. coli
2. Enterococci
3. Coliphage
Fecal Indicator
E. coli
Methodology
Method Name
Colilert
9223 B
Colisure
9223 B
Membrane Filter Method with MI Agar
EPA Method 1604
m-ColiBlue24 Test
E*Colite Test
Enterococci
EC-MUG
9221 F
NA-MUG
9222 G
Multiple Tube Technique
9230 B
Membrane Filter Technique
9230 C
Membrane Filter Technique
EPA Method 1600
Enterolert
Coliphage
Two-step Enrichment Presence-Absence Procedure
EPA Method 1601
Single Agar Layer Procedure
EPA Method 1602
Sampling Location
• Sample at well or state-approved location
• Sample before treatment
• Might be necessary for GWS to install new
sample tap
• GWSs with multiple sources may request
approval from state to reduce number of
locations
Systems Serving ≤ 1,000 people
• Ground water systems may use a TCR
repeat sample to satisfy the GWR
triggered source water sample.
– Lab must use an approved E. coli method
What if the “Initial Triggered Source
Water” is Positive
• GWS must take 5 “Repeat Triggered Source
Water Samples” within 24 hours of being
notified of the positive “Initial Triggered Source
Water Sample.”
– Unless state has already required corrective action.
• See GWR Monitoring Report Form
What if any of the “Repeat Triggered
Source Water Samples” are Positive
• The Ground Water System must take
corrective action.
Consecutive & Wholesale Systems
• Consecutive Systems
– Notify wholesale system(s) of total coliform-positive routine
sample taken under the TCR
• Notification required within 24 hours
• Notification must be provided to all wholesale system(s) with
ground water source(s) that had provided water to the
consecutive system
• Wholesale Systems
– Upon receipt of notification from consecutive system:
• Collect samples from all ground water sources serving the
consecutive system within 24 hours of notice
• For any fecal indicator-positive sample, notify all consecutive
systems served by that ground water source within 24 hours
System A
Consecutive
TC+
1
System A notifies
wholesale GWS of
TC-positive
sample collected
under the TCR.
3
Wholesale GWS notified
of source water fecal
indicator-positive result
notifies all consecutive
GWSs served by
source, and undertakes
state-approved
corrective action(s).
System B
Consecutive
Wholesale
System
W1
W2
EC+
2
Wholesale GWS
samples ground
water sources for
fecal indicator.
Representative Monitoring
• States may allow for GWSs with multiple
sources
• Allows system to collect triggered source
water sample(s) that represent each
monitoring site in TCR sample siting plan
• Representative sample locations must be
approved by state
Triggered Source Water
Monitoring Plan
• For multi-source systems:
– Identify ground water sources that are
representative of each TCR monitoring site
• Each TCR site needs to be associated with at
least one source
– May need to submit the plan to the state for
approval (if directed by the state)
TC
X
low pressure
zone
TC
Y
High Pressure Zone
Mixed Zone
TC
Z
Low Pressure Zone
Well 1
Well 1
Well 2
Well 3
Well 3
Maryland Department of the Environment
Travis E. Sterner, R.S.
Water Supply Program
1800 Washington Boulevard | Baltimore, MD 21230-1718
410-537-3000 | TTY Users: 1-800-735-2258
www.mde.state.md.us
Interior Pages
• Type.
• Here.