Transcript REC Powerpoint template

Fuel quality improvement
steps towards EU
approximation in
Macedonia
Slavjanka Pejcinovska-Andonova,
REC CO Macedonia, Project Manager
Szentendre, 25-28.October 2005
Introducing environmental consideration
into fuel quality issues
• There is a direct complex linkage between:
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Air emissions from the mobile sources;
Air quality assessment;
Traffic urban Air pollution monitoring;
Crude oil production on national level and import of fuels;
Fuels quality and fuels standards;
Fuels quality testing and monitoring;
Vehicle number, age structure and distribution according
the type of fuels;
Environmental problems caused by mobile
sources in Macedonia
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Significant impact on the greenhouse gas emissions (CO2, CH4
and N2O gases);
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• According to the Inventory of Greenhouse Gas emissions the transport
sector constitute a significant part (10%) of the total GHG emissions
from the energy sector (the range between 9,381.81 kt (in 1992) and
11,203.71 kt (in 1998).
The annual emissions of SO2 from mobile sources for 2002 is 19220
t/year;
The total annual lead emission by mobile sources in 2003 was 47 t
Pb/year based on fuel quality standard of – 0.6 g Pb/l;
The transport contributes with small (o.oo2%) quantity in the total
dioxins emissions (as part of POPs emissions) in our country;
National Policy on Air emissions from
mobile sources
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National Environmental Action Plan II (in final stage);
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Master Plan for phasing-out leaded petrol (prepared in 2003);
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National Environmental-Health Action Plan (prepared in 1996);
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Macedonia has ratified multilateral agreements dealing with air
quality (Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution
under the UN/ECE, UN Framework Climate Change Convention,
Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer and
Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
and the Stockholm Convention for POPs);
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New environmental legislation harmonized with EU legislation
Air emission and Air quality legislation
towards EU approximation
• The new Law on Ambient Air Quality (harmonized
with EU legislation) was prepared and adopted in
2004 (Official Gazette No. 67/2004 dated 10.10.2004).
The new Law on air quality regulates:
• Limits on emissions into air from stationary sources;
• Air quality targets (Decree on Ambient Air quality limits in draft
version with proposed 2010/2012 as a deadline for EU targets;
• Air emission limits for exhaust gases from mobile sources and
• Content of dangerous substances in fuels according the EU, WHO and
international guidelines and recommendations
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The main emissions pollutants from mobile sources:
• CO2 , CO, NOx , SO2 , lead, oxygenates, benzene and polycyclic
aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), VOCs will be addressed with the
subsidiary legislation (under preparation).
Important Fuel Quality issues
• Proposed year to ban the
leaded petrol is 2006
•Fuel quality monitoring:
• At producer laboratory;
• Ad-hock checks on filling
stations;
• During the fuels import;
• No independent authorized
lab
•Fuel quality standards:
Partially harmonized with
EU Directive 98/70/EC;
• Rulebook on the Quality of
liquid fuels (Official Gazette
No. 23/2004)
100
% of unleaded petrol consumption
•Market share of leaded
vs. unleaded petrol;
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1996
1998
2000
Year
2002
2004
Main points in the Rulebook on the Quality
of liquid fuels (Official Gazette No. 23/2004)
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The lead content in the leaded petrol (MB 96) was
decreased from 0.6 gPb/l to 0.15 gPb/l;
The lead content in the unleaded petrol (BMB 95)
was decreased from 0.02 gPb/l to 0.013 gPb/l;
The sulphur content in diesel fuels was decreased
from 0.6% to 0.20% (2000 ppm);
Certificate for compliance with the fuel quality as a
part of each delivery of fuels
Initiative for the preparation of new fuels
standards according EU requirements
• Many complaints by the car drivers and car importers
about the fuels quality (especially for sulphur content
in diesel);
• Necessity of harmonization of the national standards
with EN 228:2004 (petrol) and EN 590:2004 (diesel);
• New fuels quality standards are in phase of
preparation in the Institute of standardization;
• Necessity of changes-amendment of the Rulebook on
the Quality on liquid fuels (2004) according the new
standards;
• Setting the timeframe for the step-by step
introduction of the new fuels quality standards
Important vehicle emissions issues
•The total number of vehicles in
2003 was 450 000 (80%
passenger cars);
•Age structure of vehicles;
•Vehicle emission testing:
• Number of testing sites - 55;
• Regular testing every year;
• Exhaust emission levels of
CO (vehicles run on petrol)
and exhaust gas opacity
(vehicles run on diesel);
• Book of regulations for
technical control under the
Law on safety on the roads
60
Age structure of automobiles, in %
50.9
49.1
50
38.7
40
30
23.7
20
10
8.4
0
up to 5 y.
up to 10 y.
up to 15 y.
up to 19 y.
over 20 y.
vehicles run
on gas
2%
vehicles run
on diesel
16%
vehicles run
on petrol
82%
Needs to continue with the efforts towards EU
requirements on fuels quality
Technical and financial assistance from international community
to support complex project activities dealing with:
• Continuation of the implementation of the Master Plan for
phasing-out leaded petrol (phase II proposed activities);
• Establishing the Monitoring Body on implementation of the
Phase II of Master Plan for phasing out leaded petrol;
• Preparation of the Study “Possibilities for implementation of the
new EU fuel quality standards in Macedonia”;
• Capacity building and institutional strengthening on EU trends on
fuel quality, fuels monitoring issues, institutional framework on
national fuel quality data base, introduction of clean fuels;
• Economic and financial incentives for introduction of clean fuels;
• Preparation of the secondary legislation under the Law on
Ambient Air quality related to fuels quality issues