Transcript Slide 1
Section 8.2 Find the measures of the interior angles of a polygon. Find the measures of the exterior angles of a polygon. Interior angle Exterior angle 8.1 Polygon Interior Angles Sum 8.2 Polygon Exterior Angles Sum To find the sum of the interior angle measures of a convex polygon, draw all possible diagonals from one vertex of the polygon. This creates a set of triangles. The sum of the angle measures of all the triangles equals the sum of the angle measures of the polygon. Remember! By the Triangle Sum Theorem, the sum of the interior angle measures of a triangle is 180°. Polygon Triangle Quadrilateral Pentagon Hexagon Nonagon n - gon # of sides 3 # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 1●180=180 Polygon Triangle Quadrilateral Pentagon Hexagon Nonagon n - gon # of sides 3 4 # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 1●180=180 Polygon Triangle Quadrilateral Pentagon Hexagon Nonagon n - gon # of sides 3 4 # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 1●180=180 Polygon Triangle Quadrilateral Pentagon Hexagon Nonagon n - gon # of sides 3 4 # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 1●180=180 2•180°=360° Polygon Triangle Quadrilateral Pentagon Hexagon Nonagon n - gon # of sides 3 4 5 # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 1●180=180 2•180°=360° Polygon Triangle Quadrilateral Pentagon Hexagon Nonagon n - gon # of sides 3 4 5 # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 1●180=180 2•180°=360° Polygon Triangle Quadrilateral Pentagon Hexagon Nonagon n - gon # of sides 3 4 5 # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° Polygon # of sides Triangle 3 Quadrilateral 4 Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Nonagon n - gon # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° Polygon # of sides Triangle 3 Quadrilateral 4 Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Nonagon n - gon # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 4 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° Polygon # of sides Triangle 3 Quadrilateral 4 Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Nonagon n - gon # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 4 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° 4•180°=720° Polygon # of sides Triangle 3 Quadrilateral 4 Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Nonagon 9 n - gon # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 4 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° 4•180°=720° Polygon # of sides Triangle 3 Quadrilateral 4 Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Nonagon 9 n - gon # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 4 7 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° 4•180°=720° Polygon # of sides Triangle 3 Quadrilateral 4 Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Nonagon 9 n - gon # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 4 7 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° 4•180°=720° 7•180°=1260° Polygon # of sides Triangle 3 Quadrilateral 4 Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Nonagon 9 n - gon n # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 4 7 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° 4•180°=720° 7•180°=1260° Polygon # of sides Triangle 3 Quadrilateral 4 Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Nonagon 9 n - gon n # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 4 7 n-2 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° 4•180°=720° 7•180°=1260° Polygon # of sides Triangle 3 Quadrilateral 4 Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Nonagon 9 n - gon n # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 4 7 n-2 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° 4•180°=720° 7•180°=1260° (n-2)•180° Polygon # of sides Triangle 3 Quadrilateral 4 Pentagon 5 Hexagon 6 Nonagon 9 n - gon n # of triangles Sum of measures of interior ’s 1 2 3 4 7 n-2 1●180=180 2•180°=360° 3•180°=540° 4•180°=720° 7•180°=1260° (n-2)•180° In each convex polygon, the number of triangles formed is two less than the number of sides n. So the sum of the angle measures of all these triangles is (n — 2)180°. From the previous slide, we have discovered that the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a convex n - gon is (n – 2) ∙ 180 This relationship can be used to find the measure of each interior angle in a regular n - gon because the angles are all congruent. Theorem 8.1 Polygon Interior Angles Sum If a convex polygon has n sides and S is the sum of its interior angles, then S = (n – 2)180. B A E D Example: m∠A+m∠B+m∠C+m∠D+m∠E = (5 – 2)180 = 540 C Example 1 Use the Polygon Interior Angles Theorem Find the sum of the measures of the interior angles of a convex heptagon. SOLUTION A heptagon has 7 sides. Use the Polygon Interior Angles Theorem and substitute 7 for n. (n – 2) · 180° = (7 – 2) · 180° ANSWER Substitute 7 for n. = 5 · 180° Simplify. = 900° Multiply. The sum of the measures of the interior angles of a convex heptagon is 900°. Example 2 Find the Measure of an Interior Angle Find the measure of A in the diagram. SOLUTION The polygon has 6 sides, so the sum of the measures of the interior angles is: (n – 2) · 180° = (6 – 2) · 180° = 4 · 180° = 720°. Add the measures of the interior angles and set the sum equal to 720°. 136° + 136° + 88° + 142° + 105° + mA = 720° The sum is 720°. 607° + mA = 720° Simplify. mA = 113° Subtract 607°. ANSWER The measure of A is 113°. Example 3 Interior Angles of a Regular Polygon Find the measure of an interior angle of a regular octagon. SOLUTION The sum of the measures of the interior angles of any octagon is: (n – 2) · 180° = (8 – 2) · 180° = 6 · 180° = 1080°. Because the octagon is regular, each angle has the same measure. So, divide 1080° by 8 to find the measure of one interior angle. 1080° = 135° 8 The measure of an interior angle of a ANSWER regular octagon is 135°. Your Turn: In Exercises 1–3, find the measure of G. 1. ANSWER 72° 2. ANSWER 66° ANSWER 130° ANSWER 150° 3. 4. Find the measure of an interior angle of a regular polygon with twelve sides. Example 4A: Finding Interior Angle Measures and Sums in Polygons Find the measure of each interior angle of a regular 16-gon. Step 1 Find the sum of the interior angle measures. (n – 2)180° Polygon Sum Thm. (16 – 2)180° = 2520° Substitute 16 for n and simplify. Step 2 Find the measure of one interior angle. The int. s are , so divide by 16. Example 4B: Finding Interior Angle Measures and Sums in Polygons Find the measure of each interior angle of pentagon ABCDE. (5 – 2)180° = 540° Polygon Sum Thm. mA + mB + mC + mD + mE = 540° Polygon Sum Thm. 35c + 18c + 32c + 32c + 18c = 540 135c = 540 c=4 Substitute. Combine like terms. Divide both sides by 135. Example 4B Continued mA = 35(4°) = 140° mB = mE = 18(4°) = 72° mC = mD = 32(4°) = 128° Your Turn Find the sum of the interior angle measures of a convex 15-gon. (n – 2)180° Polygon Sum Thm. (15 – 2)180° A 15-gon has 15 sides, so substitute 15 for n. 2340° Simplify. Your Turn Find the measure of each interior angle of a regular decagon. Step 1 Find the sum of the interior angle measures. (n – 2)180° Polygon Sum Thm. (10 – 2)180° = 1440° Substitute 10 for n and simplify. Step 2 Find the measure of one interior angle. The int. s are , so divide by 10. Find the measure of each interior angle of parallelogram RSTU. Step 1 Find x. Since the sum of the measures of the interior angles is Write an equation to express the sum of the measures of the interior angles of the polygon. Sum of measures of interior angles Substitution Combine like terms. Subtract 8 from each side. Divide each side by 32. Step 2 Use the value of x to find the measure of each angle. m R = 5x = 5(11) or 55 m S = 11x + 4 = 11(11) + 4 or 125 m T = 5x = 5(11) or 55 m U = 11x + 4 = 11(11) + 4 or 125 Answer: mR = 55, mS = 125, mT = 55, mU = 125 Find the value of x. A. x = 7.8 B. x = 22.2 C. x = 15 D. x = 10 The measure of an interior angle of a regular polygon is 150. Find the number of sides in the polygon. Use the Interior Angle Sum Theorem to write an equation to solve for n, the number of sides. S = 180(n – 2) (150)n = 180(n – 2) 150n = 180n – 360 0 = 30n – 360 Interior Angle Sum Theorem S = 150n Distributive Property Subtract 150n from each side. 360 = 30n Add 360 to each side. 12 = n Divide each side by 30. Answer: The polygon has 12 sides. The measure of an interior angle of a regular polygon is 144. Find the number of sides in the polygon. A. 12 B. 9 C. 11 D. 10 Exterior angle is an angle formed by one side of a polygon and the extension of another side. 3 2 1 ∠1, ∠2 and ∠3 are exterior angles. Interestingly, the measures of the exterior angles of a polygon is an even easier formula. Let’s look at the following example to understand it. In the polygons below, an exterior angle has been measured at each vertex. Notice that in each case, the sum of the exterior angle measures is 360°. Theorem 8.2 Polygon Exterior Angles Sum If a polygon is convex, then the sum of the measures of the exterior angles, one at each vertex, is 360°. Example: m∠A+m∠B+m∠C+m∠D+m∠E+ m∠F+m∠G+m∠H+m∠J = 360˚ Example 7 Find the Measure of an Exterior Angle Find the value of x. SOLUTION Using the Polygon Exterior Angles Theorem, set the sum of the measures of the exterior angles equal to 360°. 95° + 85° + 2x° + x° = 360° 180 + 3x = 360 3x = 180 x = 60 ANSWER Polygon Exterior Angles Theorem Combine like terms. Subtract 180 from each side. Divide each side by 3. The value of x is 60. Your turn: Find the value of x. 1. 2. 3. ANSWER 91 ANSWER 21 ANSWER 125 ANSWER 30 4. Example 8A: Finding Exterior Angle Measures and Sums in Polygons Find the measure of each exterior angle of a regular 20-gon. A 20-gon has 20 sides and 20 vertices. sum of ext. s = 360°. measure of one ext. = Polygon Sum Thm. A regular 20-gon has 20 ext. s, so divide the sum by 20. The measure of each exterior angle of a regular 20-gon is 18°. Example 8B: Finding Interior Angle Measures and Sums in Polygons Find the value of b in polygon FGHJKL. Polygon Ext. Sum Thm. 15b° + 18b° + 33b° + 16b° + 10b° + 28b° = 360° 120b = 360 b=3 Combine like terms. Divide both sides by 120. Your Turn Find the measure of each exterior angle of a regular dodecagon. A dodecagon has 12 sides and 12 vertices. sum of ext. s = 360°. measure of one ext. Polygon Sum Thm. A regular dodecagon has 12 ext. s, so divide the sum by 12. The measure of each exterior angle of a regular dodecagon is 30°. Your Turn Find the value of r in polygon JKLM. 4r° + 7r° + 5r° + 8r° = 360° 24r = 360 r = 15 Polygon Ext. Sum Thm. Combine like terms. Divide both sides by 24. Find the value of x in the diagram. Use the Polygon Exterior Angles Sum Theorem to write an equation. Then solve for x. 5x + (4x – 6) + (5x – 5) + (4x + 3) + (6x – 12) + (2x + 3) + (5x + 5) = 360 (5x + 4x + 5x + 4x + 6x + 2x + 5x) + [(–6) + (–5) + 3 + (–12) + 3 + 5] = 360 31x – 12 = 360 31x = 372 x = 12 Answer: x = 12 Find the measure of each exterior angle of a regular decagon. A regular decagon has 10 congruent sides and 10 congruent angles. The exterior angles are also congruent, since angles supplementary to congruent angles are congruent. Let n = the measure of each exterior angle and write and solve an equation. 10n = 360 Polygon Exterior Angle Sum Theorem n = 36 Divide each side by 10. Answer: The measure of each exterior angle of a regular decagon is 36. A. Find the value of x in the diagram. A. 10 B. 12 C. 14 D. 15 B. Find the measure of each exterior angle of a regular pentagon. A. 72 B. 60 C. 45 D. 90 Pg. 420 – 423 #1 – 25 odd, 26 – 28 all, 29 – 43 odd