Transcript e-ILL discussion

Living with Our Contracts:
Actualizing e-ILL
Katherine A. Perry, VIVA Director
November 19, 2003
CONCERT, Taipei
Preferred License Agreement Language
Interlibrary Loan. Licensee may fulfill requests
from other institutions, a practice commonly
called Interlibrary Loan. Licensee agrees to
fulfill such requests in compliance with
Section 108 of the United States Copyright
Law (17 USC 108, “Limitations on exclusive
rights: Reproduction by libraries and
archives”) and clause 3 of the Guidelines for
the Proviso of Subsection 108(g)(2) prepared
by the National Commission on New
Technological Uses of Copyrighted Works.
http://www.library.yale.edu/~llicense/standlicagree.html
http://www.gmu.edu/library/fen/viva/illcontr.html
U.S. Copyright Law
“The primary objective of copyright is not to
reward the labor of authors, but "[t]o promote
the Progress of Science and useful Arts." To
this end, copyright assures authors the right to
their original expression, but encourages
others to build freely upon the ideas and
information conveyed by a work. This result is
neither unfair nor unfortunate. It is the means
by which copyright advances the progress of
science and art.
---- Justice Sandra Day O'Connor (Feist
Publications, Inc. v. Rural Telephone Service Co., 499
U.S. 340, 349(1991)
U.S. Copyright Law, Section 108(g)(2)
“That nothing in this clause prevents a
library or archives from participating in
interlibrary arrangements that do not
have, as their purpose or effect, that the
library or archives receiving such copies
or phonorecords for distribution does so
in such aggregate quantities as to
substitute for a subscription to or
purchase of such work.”
CONTU Guidelines on Photocopying
under Interlibrary Loan Arrangements
http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ21.pdf
Virginia Tech:
ILL Borrowing in 2003
1. Total students and faculty = 30,000
2. Total ILL items in 2003 = 25,486
Almost a 1:1 ratio?
Virginia Tech:
Most Borrowed only a Few Items in 2003
100%
90%
Less than 1% of customers
borrowed 100 items or more
% of customers
80%
70%
60%
90% of customers borrowed 18
items or fewer
50%
40%
30%
20%
53% of customers borrowed only 3
items or fewer
10%
0%
0
100
200
300
400
500
Number of items borrowed
600
700
800
900
Number of Items Borrowed by
Individuals at Virginia Tech in FY 2003
1-3 items, 53%
4-18 items, 37%
19-99 items, 9%
100+ items, <1%
What is e-ILL?
BEST: “Direct e-ILL”
The ability to send an electronic journal article
directly to the user for Interlibrary Loan
BENEFITS:
1. Much faster than traditional ILL from print.
2. Improved copy to the user.
3. Links to references are preserved.
4. Publisher will see increased use of linked
articles.
What is e-ILL? (Continued)
SECOND BEST: “indirect e-ILL”.
The ability to use an electronic journal article for
Interlibrary Loan, but not in electronic format.
BENEFIT:
1. Faster service than print, but not as fast as direct
e-ILL
2. Improved copy to the user.
BUT
1. Links to references and other electronic features
will not be preserved.
2. Publisher will not see increased use of linked
articles
% Change in Book and Journal Costs
ARL Libraries, 1986-2002
Serial Unit Cost
300%
250%
Serial
Expenditures
200%
Monograph Unit
Cost
150%
100%
Monograph
Expenditures
50%
Serials Purchased
0%
-50%
2
20 0
0
20 0
8
19 9
6
19 9
4
19 9
2
19 9
0
19 9
8
19 8
6
19 8
Monographs
Purchased
% Change in Journal Costs
ARL Libraries, 1986-2002
300%
Serial Unit Cost
(+227%)
250%
200%
Serial
Expenditures
(+227%)
150%
100%
50%
Serials Purchased
(+9%)
0%
-50%
2
20 0
0
20 0
8
19 9
6
19 9
4
19 9
2
19 9
0
19 9
8
19 8
6
19 8
VIVA Contracts Allowing Direct e-ILL
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
American Chemical Society Journals
Annual Reviews
Association of Computing Machinery
Cambridge U Press Journals
CIAO
Gale InfoTrac
Harp Week
HighWire
http://www.gmu.edu/library/fen/viva/illcontr.html
VIVA Contracts Allowing Indirect e-ILL
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
American Mathematical Society Journals
APA – PsycARTICLES
Nature Journals
Ovid Nursing & LWW Journals
Oxford U Press Journals
Project Muse
Science
http://www.gmu.edu/library/fen/viva/illcontr.html
Only 1 VIVA Contract Prohibits e-ILL
Academic Press IDEAL (1996-2002)
http://www.gmu.edu/library/fen/viva/illcontr.html
e-ILL at the University of Virginia
• 31,366 total requests, 15,497 were for
articles.
• They import the request into ILLiad
management software
• Search library catalog
• Look up article
• If licensing agreement allows e-ILL,
they print the article and treat as they
would any other ILL article.
Benefits
For Library
• Reduced total staff time needed to retrieve
item (reduced a minimum of 24 hours to as
much as several days)
• Bound journals are not removed to local
patrons can find them
For Recipient
• Improved copy because printing is from
Internet
• Article received more quickly