Transcript CIVIL DEFENCE AND THE EXTERNAL THREAT

The
Philosophy
of
Civil Defence
Civil Defence in
India
Building People’s Disaster Resilience
Civil Defence
Civil Defence all over the world and in
India has been a government program that
provides guidance and assistance in
preparing for, responding to and recovering
from public emergencies that result from
conflict or natural disasters.
CD Measures
• Civil Defence measures are designed to
deal with immediate emergency conditions,
protect the public and restore vital services
and facilities that have been destroyed or
damaged by disaster.
Why Civil Defence ?
It is true that -
“ the Response of a person
closest to the place of
Emergency will be the fastest
and most effective, provided he
is well trained.”
Civil Defence in India
The Civil Defence program in
India relies on the individual and
the locality, doing that which is
necessary to increase the
chances of survival, to minimize
damage and to recover quickly.
Civil Defence in India
During times of War and Emergencies the
Civil Defence Organization has the vital
role of guarding the hinterland, supporting
the Armed Forces, mobilizing the citizens
and helping civil administration for:
•Saving life and property
•Minimizing damage
•Maintaining continuity in production centers
•Raising public morale.
Major Tasks of Civil Defence
• To make sure that the public is warned of danger and
provided with instructions on how to avoid hazards.
• Advice people to protect themselves by either
evacuating the area or remain and take shelter.
• Organizing immediate relief to the survivors.
• Support emergency services
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Rescue Operations
Firefighting
Law Enforcement
Medical Care
Public Works repair
Provision of voluntary Food, Shelter and Clothing.
• Assist in Recovery Operations
– Clearance of debris
– Restoring utility services
– Managing relocations centers
What was the need ?
• The number of incidents happening
during World War II were enormous &
beyond the capacity of local
Emergency services.
• There was a need for unifying the
overall efforts of the country to survive
a catastrophe & raise public morale.
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August
1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International
Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977.
Chapter VI. Civil Defence
Art 61. - Definitions and scope
(1) "Civil defence" means the performance of some or all of the under-mentioned
humanitarian tasks intended to protect the civilian population against the dangers,
and to help it to recover from the immediate effects, of hostilities or disasters and
also to provide the conditions necessary for its survival. These tasks are:
(a) warning;
(b) evacuation;
(c) management of shelters;
(d) management of blackout measures;
(e) rescue;
(f) medical services, including first aid, and religious assistance;
(g) fire-fighting;
(h) detection and marking of danger areas;
(i) decontamination and similar protective measures;
(j) provision of emergency accommodation and supplies;
(k) emergency assistance in the restoration and maintenance of order in distressed
areas;
(l) emergency repair of indispensable public utilities;
(m) emergency disposal of the dead;
(n) assistance in the preservation of objects essential for survival;
(o) complementary activities necessary to carry out any of the tasks mentioned
above, including, but not limited to, planning and organization;
Art 62. General Protection
• Civilian civil defence organizations and
their personnel shall be respected and
protected, subject to the provisions of
this Protocol, particularly the provisions
of this section. They shall be entitled to
perform their civil defence tasks except
in case of imperative military necessity.
Article 15 : International
Distinctive sign
• The international distinctive sign of civil defence provided for in
Article 66, paragraph 4, of the Protocol is an equilateral blue
triangle on an orange ground. A model is shown in Figure 4:
• It is recommended that:
a) if the blue triangle is on a flag or armlet or tabard, the ground
to the triangle be the orange flag, armlet or tabard;
b) one of the angles of the triangle be pointed vertically
upwards;
c) no angle of the triangle touch the
edge of the orange ground.
Indian Civil Defence logo
Civil Defence Motto
“Sarva Bhute Hiteh Ratah”
“Steadfast persons who
dedicate themselves for the
welfare of all living beings,
attain me”
The
Present
Threat
India’s Security Concerns
• India faces varied and complex
security challenges ranging from low
intensity conflicts characterized by
tribal, ethnic and left wing movements
and ideologies
The Changing Face of Threat
• Terrorism is becoming a cheap
mode for nations to commit acts
of aggression with less fear of
retaliation.
• The global environment has
reduced the probability of conflict
considerably.
India is one of the most disaster
prone countries in the world.
Over 65% land area vulnerable to earthquakes;
70% of land under cultivation prone to drought;
40 million hectares to floods;
8,000 km coastline to cyclones.
A Major Disaster occurs every 2-3 years;
5 crore people affected annually
10 lakh houses damaged annually along with human,social and
other losses
During 1985-2003, the annual average damage due to natural
disasters has been estimated at 7 crore US $
Hazardous Chemical Incident
• Methylisocyanate (MIC)
incident at Bhopal, India
• 3,300 people killed
immediately; 16,000 after
ten years
• 40 tons of MIC released
that covered 20 Km2
• Over 500,000 people
suffered effects of gas
• Ground water hazard for
ten years
Climate Change
• Even if we go by the estimates of
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
by 2100, 5764 sq. km of India’s coastal area
will be submerged under the sea, triggering
massive migration of the people towards
hinterland
• 63 million people in India and 62 million in
Bangladesh live within 10 meters of the sea
levels that includes the population of cities of
Mumbai, Calcutta and Chennai.
Multi-Hazard Approach
• The utilization of Civil Defence has shifted
from management of damage against
Conventional Weapons to threats of
Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear
& Explosive hazards .
• Active partnerships with security forces for
reducing damage due to terrorism.
• Contribute to the overall effort of the state
governments in managing disasters.
CIVIL DEFENCE
“Civil Defence” includes any measures, not
amounting to actual combat, for affording protection
to any person, property, place or thing in India or
any part of the territory thereof against any hostile
attack, whether from air, land, sea or any other
places, or, for depriving any such attack of the
whole or part of its effect, whether such measures
are taken before, during, at or after the time of such
attack or any measure taken for the purpose of
disaster management, before, during, at, or after
any disaster.
Civil Defence in
India
Cat.IA
Cat.I
Cat II
Cat.IV
Can Civil Defence do Anything?
• Relatively, small investments in Preparedness
against emergencies enable communities to speed
up Recovery by months or years and thereby
prevent millions of deaths due to hunger, weather
and epidemics that may occur consequent to many
major disasters.
• According to the human capital theory in economics,
the country’s population is valued more than other
factors like land, industry and wealth due to its
capacity to rebuild a country after its destruction by
nature’s forces. Therefore, to ensure economic
stability and security of the country it is essential that
a strong Civil Defence Corps is available for
protection of its people.
Civil Defence builds Resilience
• Civil Defence has stressed on building
confidence, reducing fear and uncertainty,
ensure higher survival rate, assist in raising
people’s quality of life that has made
economic benefits feasible. The Civil
Defence concept’s core objective has been
to instill in people, the strength to
understand that they are in control of their
own destiny and well prepared for the
uncertainties of the future.
Do we need it today ?
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Obviously YES, because –
The Emergency Services are still not
adequate.
The vulnerability of Indian people is very high
The Response time-lag for services to arrive
at the scene of incident is growing longer.
The higher degree of stress for the
Emergency Services personnel needs large
resource of back-up volunteers.
CIVIL DEFENCE
has the capacity to organize
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Local Rescue operations
Immediate Medical support & Transportation
Emergency Operation Centre Staff
Relief & Welfare services
Security & Traffic management
Fire Fighting auxiliaries
Disposal of Dead
After any
Natural Disaster
CIVIL DEFENCE
is also trained to organize
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Radiological & Reconnaissance Teams
Decontamination Services
Casualty Management in Assembly Areas
Relief & Welfare services
Fire Fighting auxiliaries
After any
NBC Disaster
Civil Defence
in
over the Years
Father of Civil Defence
Wing Commander Eric John Hodsoll
ARP in India
First Civil Defence officer of India
Sri. Edpuganti Raghavendra Rao
CD Member of Viceroy’s Executive Council
Community Awareness
Community Preparedness
through Capacity Building
Assist in Rescue Operations
Other Major Tasks
• Assist in Vigilance & Watch
• Assist in Recovery Operations
• Assist in Corpse Disposal
Odisha CD during Super cyclone
Odisha Super Cyclone
ORISSA
Volunteers deployed
Jobs done
MADHYA PRADESH
Volunteers & Staff
Jobs done (from 12 Nov 99)
200
Road clearance from 30th October’99 (1/3rd of
work)
Collection of clothing 2 truck loads in 3 days.
Packaging of food at aerodrome ( 3 days)
Corpse disposal from 6th Nov.
Dead bodies 769
Carcasses 6000
1500
Clearing of villages
Corpse & Carcass Disposal nearly 1000.
Odisha Super Cyclone - Maharashtra
Sr.No.
Name of the
Village & Block
Date of
commencement of
kitchen
No. of benefited
upto 29.11.99
No. of beneficiaries
on 30.11.99
Total
1.
Jiraloo
(Ersama)
17.11.99
40500
3500
44000
2.
Machhagaon
(Balikuda)
18.11.99
16100
600
16700
3.
Palikanta
(Ersama)
19.11.99
21300
3000
24300
4.
Boulpada
(Ersama)
25.11.99
3500
700
4200
5.
Uchanuagraon
(Erssma)
25.11.99
5000
1000
6000
Odisha Super Cyclone - Maharashtra
Team
No. of
villages
covered
No. of Dead
Bodies
Half
Burned
Total
Carcasses
Villages
cleaned (in mts)
Team A
(Mobile Column)
24
274
69
343
734
1229
Team B
44
130
77
207
2374
1600
CD in Leh
Floods
CD at work in Nagapattinam
A SAFER INDIA
ANY QUESTIONS
THE END