Transcript Extremism - Prevent for Further Education and Training

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Extremism
“Extremists of all persuasions try to
paint the world as black and white,
accentuating division and difference,
and exploiting fears based on
ignorance or prejudice” (DCSF)
What is Extremism?
In groups of 2-3 agree on a definition of what
you think Extremism is:
HM Government defines
extremism as:
"vocal or active opposition to fundamental
British values, including democracy, the rule of
law, individual liberty and mutual respect and
tolerance of different faiths and beliefs".
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-27777892
Extremism is …….
• Extremist – a person who holds extreme political or
religious views
• Problems arise when views lead to dangerous or criminal
behaviour or incitement to hatred
• Most people who believe in a religion or a political or
animal rights cause are not extremists but such causes have
sometimes attracted extremists who have resorted to
violence and intimidation.
• Extremists operate either as organised groups or ‘lone
wolves’, eg Anders Behring Breivik; David Copeland
But what does it look like?
Imam Asim Hafiz, an Islamic
adviser to the Ministry of Defence
and the British armed forces' first
Muslim chaplain
Christopher Potter, 20 and Maria
Neal, 21. Animal Rights Extremists.
Caused more than £12000 of
damage in six attacks
Billy Wright, Loyalist Paramilitary
Threatened with execution by his
own terrorist organisation
Responsible for more than 20
sectarian killings
Anders Behring Breivik (Norwegian
pronunciation: [ˈɑnːəʂ ˈbeːrɪŋ ˈbrɛiviːk]; born
13 February 1979) is the perpetrator of the 2011
Norway attacks. On 22 July 2011, he bombed
government buildings in Oslo, killing eight people.
He then killed 69 more people, mostly teenagers, in
a mass shooting at a Workers' Youth League (AUF)
camp on the island of Utøya. In August 2012 he was
convicted of mass murder, causing a fatal explosion,
and terrorism.
Ref
Wikipedia
• David Copeland (born 15 May 1976) is an English Neo-Nazi militant who
became known as the "London Nail Bomber" after a 13-day bombing
campaign in April 1999 aimed at London's black, Bangladeshi and gay
communities that resulted in three people killed and more than a hundred
injured. Widely labelled a terrorist, Copeland was a former member of two
far-right political groups, the British National Party and then the National
Socialist Movement.
• Over three successive weekends between 17 and 30 April, Copeland
placed homemade nail bombs, each containing up to 1,500 four-inch nails,
in holdalls that he left in public spaces around London. The first bomb was
placed outside the Iceland supermarket in Electric Avenue, Brixton, an
area of south London with a large black population. The second was in
Brick Lane in the East End of London, which has a large Bangladeshi
community. The third was inside the Admiral Duncan pub in Soho's Old
Compton Street, the heart of London's gay community. The bombs killed
three people, including a pregnant woman, and injured 139, four of whom
lost limbs. Ref Wikipedia
Extremist Groups
Can you think of any Extremist Groups that have
been in the news?
Extremist Groups: Examples
Extremist groups use direct illegal action to
promote their cause. Here are some examples:
• English Defence League (origins in football)
• Al-Qaeda
• Animal Liberation Front
• Real IRA
• Islamic terrorist groups
The English Defence League (EDL) is a far-right street
protest movement which focuses on opposition to what it
considers to be a spread of Islamism and Sharia in the
United Kingdom. The EDL has been described as
Islamophobic. The group has faced confrontations with
various groups, including Unite Against Fascism (UAF). In
October 2013 the group's co-founders, Tommy Robinson
and Kevin Carroll, left the group, Robinson citing concerns
over the "dangers of far-right extremism". He was
replaced as leader by Tim Ablitt.[20]
EDL….Extremist Organisation?
• Attacked police during demonstrations
• Threatened Journalist
• EDL Members guilty of attacking mosque
"vocal or active opposition to fundamental
British values, including democracy, the rule of
law, individual liberty and mutual respect and
tolerance of different faiths and beliefs".
Animal Liberation Front
Connected with:
• Bombings
• Attacks on people
• Attacks on business and
personal property
The Animal Liberation Front (ALF) carries out direct action against
animal abuse in the form of rescuing animals and causing financial
loss to animal exploiters, usually through the damage and
destruction of property
Their long term aim is to end all animal suffering by forcing animal
abuse companies out of business. Because ALF actions may be
against the law, activists work anonymously, either in small groups
or individually
http://www.animalliberationfront.com
• Almost 100 people connected
to the farm were targeted.
Explosive devices were sent to
some, mail threatening to kill
and maim to others. There
were attacks on homes, cars
and businesses.
• For months, activists taunted
the Halls, telling them the body
would be returned if they
closed the farm
"You assumed the right to dictate
which lawful activities you would • The militants included a vicar's
son and a psychiatric nurse
permit and which you would not.
You sought to enforce your views • Some of the hate mail was
signed the Animal Liberation
not by lawful protest but by
Front, others the Animal Rights
subjecting wholly innocent citizens
Militia
to a campaign of terror." Judge Michael Pert
Danger Signs Groups will not use the word ‘extremist’ to describe
themselves so look out for the danger signs
Danger Signs Does the group state that it will use ‘any means’ in
the name of its cause?
Is it prepared to use violence or violent protest
even just as a last resort?
Does it express negative attitudes towards other
groups such as Muslims; Christians; LGBT groups;
people from different ethnic groups?
Are its members prepared to engage in illegal
activity such as damaging property or sending
bomb hoaxes?
Does it engage in activities that may put others at
risk of harm?
True or False
True or False?
thesomeone
statements
Decide which
YouLook
can at
spot
withbelow.
extreme
are true
andbywhich
areatfalse.
beliefs
purely
looking
them.
Extremism always leads to violence.
Extremism can apply to issues such as
nuclear weapons, rights for fathers and
animal testing.
Extremism exists all over the world
Some extremist groups believe that
they are following God’s instructions.
Extremist groups sometimes target
susceptible young people.
True or False
True or False?
thesomeone
statements
Decide which
YouLook
can at
spot
withbelow.
extreme
False
are true
andbywhich
areatfalse.
beliefs
purely
looking
them.
Extremism always leads to violence.
False
Extremism can apply to issues such as True
nuclear weapons, rights for fathers and
animal testing.
Extremism exists all over the world
True
Some extremist groups believe that
they are following God’s instructions.
True
Extremist groups sometimes target
susceptible young people.
True
Law relating to extremism
• Extremism crosses the line between freedom
of speech/legal protest and criminal activity.
• Extremists may be convicted on a range of
different charges such as inciting racial or
religious hatred; soliciting murder; terrorism;
and using the Internet to stir up racial hatred,
religious hatred, or hatred based on sexual
orientation
• Many of these carry jail sentences
Ignite
• DAPA Ignite 2 - YouTube
• Discussion
– Why was Aaron drawn into terrorist activities?
– Which kinds of people do you think might be
vulnerable to recruitment by extremist?
Why?
• Aaron was vulnerable
– Bullied and marginalised
– Lonely
– Negative changes in his life
• Needed to belong; to feel accepted; to have
friends
• Organisation took advantage of vulnerability
and used grooming techniques
Radicalisation
• Radicalisation is the process ‘by which a
person comes to support terrorism and forms
of extremism leading to terrorism’
• Students are often targets and are especially
vulnerable to online radicalisation
• Grooming techniques are used
that are similar to those used in
sexual grooming
But it wont happen in
Dorset……Will it?
Attempted Nail
bombing of the
Giraffe Café in
Exeter (55 miles)
Nicky Reilly
White Muslim convert
Mohammed Rasheed
• Vulnerable person who was radicalised by a group of men
he started hanging around with in hometown of Plymouth
• Noted by friends that he was on his computer all the time
and he changed his wallpaper on his computer to a picture
of the Twin Towers
• A friend later said “Everyone thought it was weird and
something was going on but I didn’t think it was anything as
serious as terrorism.”
• “He once said he goes to 'secret meetings’ when no-one is
allowed if they are not a Muslim.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk
Richard Dart (born Weymouth, Dorset) is
a Muslim convert who plotted to attack
soldiers at Wootton Bassett.
Richard Dart
• He was sentenced in 2013 for engaging in
conduct in preparation of acts of terrorism.
Dart pleaded guilty to plotting to target Royal
Wootton Bassett, the Wilshire town where
mourners gathered to pay their respects to
British troops killed in Afghanistan. Evidence
was heard that he was radicalized by British
Islamist Anjem Choudary and trained at
terrorism camps in Pakistan.
•
Ref
The Independent
Tackling Extremism
There are ways to tackle extremism without
resorting to hatred or violence.
The English Disco Lovers (EDL) are a pro-equality
group, who use humour (and disco!) to ridicule
the English Defence League (EDL). Their
message –
“Don’t Hate, Gyrate”
Can you think of other ways?
What to do?
Are Universities doing enough to combat extremism?
http://www.edl.me/
So who amongst you
could be an
extremist?
Don’t do nothing…..
If you are concerned that you or a friend are being
drawn into extremist activity, tell someone.
• Student Support (01305 215121 or
[email protected] or talk to us in person)
• Your Course Manager or a tutor that you trust
• Your parents or carers or social worker
• Phone the Safeguarding number on the back of
your ID – 07500 661340 or after 5.00 o’clock
07774 864778
• Contact Childline 0800 1111 or chat on line at www.childline.org.uk