Transcript TUVA - Spirit of Great Oak

TUVAN THROAT SINGING AND JOHN WILLIAMS
Corey Woodfield
Period 6
TUVA
 Population: 313,900.
Land mass: 65830 mls2
 77% Tuvan (Turks), 20.1% Russians, 0.4% Khakas (Mongolian), 2.5%
Other.
 Religions: Tibetan Buddhism, Shamanism, Orthodox Christianity.
 Mountainous regions, heavily forested and plains, animals (skins, tendons
for instruments)
 Influenced heavily by USSR and Mongolia.
 Everything passed through oral tradition.
TUVAN MUSIC
 Characterized by “throat” or overtone singing.
 This is called xöömei and it is done by emphasizing overtones.
 There are five different styles, called sygyt, xöömei, kargyraa,
borbangnadyr, and ezenggileer.
 Instruments used were the igil, the doshpuluur, the byzaanchy, the
chanzy, the chadagan, the kengirge, the shyngyrash, the xomus, the
murgu, the shoor, the limbi, and the amyrga.
 These instruments complemented the singing style.
 Some modern Tuvan bands include Yat-Kha and Huun-Huur-Tu.
 It was used to connect with and imitate nature by shamans, hunters, and
others.
Igil- made with wood, goat skin, and horsehair, strings are a 5th apart
Doshpuluur- often compared to banjo, strings go 1, 5, 8
Byzaanchy- 4 strings, 2 are 1, 2 are the 5th
Chanzy- similar to Doshpuluur, but louder
Kengirge- goat skin stretched across wooden frame
Chadagan- stringed instrument on a pentatonic scale
Shyngyrash- bells used with Kengirge
Xomus- jaw harp, played by plucking the metal tongue
Murgu- end blown flute with no holes
Shoor- end blown flute with holes
Limbi- side blown flute with a varying number of holes
Amyrga- hunting horn that imitates the Siberian red deer
JOHN WILLIAMS
JOHN WILLIAMS
 He was born in 1932 as the son of John Williams, Sr., a jazz percussionist
 He studied music in college with the Italian composer Mario
Castelnuovo-Tedesco
 He entered the Juilliard School in 1955 and studied piano and
performed in New York clubs as a jazz pianist.
 He then moved back to LA and began composing songs for films.
 Some notable films he has composed for include Fiddler on the Roof,
Jaws, Indiana Jones, and Star Wars.
 He composed music for all of Steven Spielberg’s films except two.
 He has won multiple Academy Awards for his compositions in movies
Palpatine’s teachings
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHfFimij0Cg
 This song was written for Star Wars Episode 3: Return of the Sith.
 It begins with a low overtone voice which sets an eerie tone.
 It maintains the eerie tone throughout the piece, with generally low
tones and a slow melody.
COMPARISON
Tuvan Music:
Pentatonic
Mainly vocals
Freestyle
Carefree tone
Used to connect with nature
Passed down orally
Traditionally a solo effort
Palpatine’s Teachings:
Mostly instrumental
Clearly structured
Eerie and menacing tone
Used for entertainment
Written
Performed by an orchestra
Overtone singing
Progresses slowly
No lyrics
Polyphonic
works cited
 http://gov.tuva.ru/news.aspx
 http://worldmusic.nationalgeographic.com/view/page.basic/country/cont
ent.country/tuva_828/en_US
 http://www.alashensemble.com/
 http://www.youtube.com/
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Williams