Transcript Slide 1
Qieghed taht riskju ta’ Attakk tal-Qalb jew Puplesija? -U x’tista’ taghmel? Are you at risk of a Heart Attack or Stroke? And what can you do about it? Presentatzzjoni biex tkun tista’ tifhem irriskju…u x’tista’ taghmel fuqu Billi tifhem x’jista’ jsir, tista’ tkun iktar b’sahhtek u tghix hajja itwal A presentation to help you understand your Risk-and what you can do about it. By understanding what needs to be done, you could be healthier and live a longer life Il-bicca l-kbira ta’ puplesiji w attaki talqalb jistghu jigu evitati Most Strokes and Heart attacks are preventable Kont taf li: Did you know that: Il-biċċa l-kbira tal-mwiet. tal-imwiet f’Malta huma riżultat tal-mard kardjovaskulari Dan jinkludi mard talqalb,anġina, riħ ta’ puplessiji, mard tal-arterji tas-saqajn Jistghu jigu evitati! Il-mard taz-zokkor jżid irriskju sostanzjalmentminghajr fatturi tar-riskju ohrajn 4 ©MKT Most deaths in Malta are due to cardiovascular disease? Cardiovascular disease includes heart attacks, strokes, angina, transient ischaemic attacks and peripheral vascular disease Many of these are preventable! Diabetics have a higher risk-even before assessing other risk factors! Kif tnaqqas Ir-Riskju Risk Reduction Certu riskji ma’ tistax tnaqqashom L-eta’ Sess Ir-Razza Il-Familja Some Risks can’t be reduced Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction ©MKT Age Gender Ethnicity Family History Some Risks Can be reduced Certi Riskji jistghu jitnaqqsu There are many ways to reduce your risk levels Hemm ħafna modi biex tnaqqas ir-Riskju tieghek Don’t smoke! Increase your level of exercise Keep a healthy weight Lower your blood pressure Lower your cholesterol Control your blood sugar Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction ©MKT Tpejjpx! żid l-eżercizzju żomm piż adattat Naqqas l-Pressjoni tiegħek Naqqas l-Kolesterol tiegħek Ikkontrolla z-zokkor Many people find out they have cardiovascular disease when they develop a stroke or heart attack. Hafna nies jindunaw li ghandhom mard kardjovaskulari meta ikollhom puplessija jew attak tal-qalb By knowing your risk, you can lower this with lifestyle changes Jekk tkun konxju tar-riskju, tista' tnaqqsu… billi tbiddel l-istil tal-hajja tieghek Ir-Risku tal-mard karjovaskulari ghandu x’jaqsam ma’ Cardiovascular Risk is consequent upon: L-Eta’ Sess Ir-Razza Il-Familja Il-piz relatat mat-tul Il-Pressjoni It-Tipjip Iz-Zokkor L-Ezercizzju Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction ©MKT Age Gender Ethnicity Family history Weight/height Blood pressure Smoking history Sugar level Exercise levels If you answer YES to any of the following, you need reduce your risk Jekk tirrespondi IVA ghal mistoqsijiet gejjin, ghandhek bzonn tiehu passi biex tnaqqas ir-riskju tieghek Qatt kellek………….. Have you had…...... Xi Wiehed minn dawn: ANY of the following? Attakk tal-Qalb Angina Puplesija Rih ta’ puplesija Mard ta’ l-arterji tas-saqajn Il-mard taz-Zokkor Diga’ ghandek riskju gholi u ghandek bzonn tbiddel l-istil tal-hajja biex tikkontrolla rriskju tieghek Ghandek bzonn tara t-tabib tieghek regolarment Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction ©MKT Heart attack Angina Stroke Transient Ischaemic Attack Peripheral vascular disease Diabetes YOU are already in a HIGH risk group and need to modify your lifestyle and control your risk factors! You should visit your doctor regularly for review. Risk Quiz Int: Are you: Ragel ta’ 45 sena jew iktar? Mara ta’ 55 sena jew iktar? U ghandek wiehed minn dawn: Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction AND have one of the following: Tpejjep Il-Pressjoni gholja Piz zejjed Xi hadd fil-familja kellu mard kardjovaskulari jew z-zokkor ©MKT A man over 45 years? A lady over 55 years? Smoker High blood pressure High blood sugar Overweight Family History of cardiovascular disease or diabetes Jekk irrispondejt LE mhux suppost li hemm riskju gholi …jekk IVA ghandek bzonn tkellem ttabib tieghek If you answered NO you should not be at high risk If you answered YES you need to see your doctor for a Risk Assessment X’tista’ tbiddel? What can you change? Iżjed ikun għoli r-riskju, iżjed jkollok bżonn tnaqqsu Dejjem ikollok bzonn tbiddel l-istil tal hajja Aqta' it-tipjip Agħmel dieta Żid l-eżercizzju Jista' jkun hemm bżonn ta' mediċini f'każ ta' riskju għoli. 14 The HIGHER your risk levels, the more important it is to LOWER them! LIFESTYLE changes will always be required ©MKT Stopping smoking Diet Exercise Medication may be needed for Higher Risks Kont taf li jekk tpejjep tirdoppja rRiskju tal-mard kardjovaskulari? Did you know that if you smoke your risk of developing cardiovasular disease will double? Harsa fuq x’jista’ jinbidel A look at some modifiable Risk factors D-Dieta Diet Agħżel sew, għax l-ikel li tiekol jista’ ibiddel saħħtek! Aħjar tiekol ftit u ta’ spiss Kul iktar frott u haxix Darba fil-ġimgħa kul il-ħut Naqqas l-laħam aħmar Staqsi fuq dieta tajba ghal saħħtek 17 ©MKT What you eat can make a difference to your health! Eating small frequent meals is better than a heavy meal Eat plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables Eat fish weekly Cut down on red meat Ask about healthy diets L-Ezercizzju Exercise B’nofs siegħa eżerċizzju kuljum ser tbiddel: Il-pressjoni Iz-zokkor Il-Kolesterol 30 minutes of moderate exercise on most days of the week will make a difference to the following: Il-Piż L-irqad …..U ser tħossok aħjar! 18 ©MKT Blood pressure Blood suger Cholesterol Weight Sleep …And you will feel better! L-Ezercizzju X’tista’ taghmel? Exercise Ibda bi ftit u żid bil-mod Il-mixi, il-ġiri, l-għawm u r-rota kollha jħallu ħafna ġid What should I do? Mod faċli biex iżżid huwa: Itla t-taraġ-u tużax il-lift Ħalli l-karozza 10 minuti 'l boghod u imxi l-aħħar biċċa Inżel mix-xarabank il-waqfa qabel tiegħek. Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction ©MKT Start with small amounts and increase gradually Walking, jogging, swimming, cycling are all excellent Simple ways to increase: Use the stairs-NOT the lift Park 10 mins away and walk Get off the bus one stop early Il-Piz Weight Excess weight increases: Piż żejjed jistieden: Il-Puplesiji, Attakki tal-Qalb, u z-Zokkor Anki jekk tonqos ftit, ikun hemm titjib fil Pressjoni għolja Il-Kontroll taz-zokkor Ir-Risku t’attakk talQalb,/puplessija EVITA li tonqos malajr ©MKT Blood pressure Cholesterol Blood sugar control Risk of heart attack/stroke AVOID crash diets Tonqosx iktar minn 2kg/xahar Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction Strokes, Heart Attacks and Diabetes Even losing a little weight will improve: Aim to reduce a maximum of 2Kgs/month Il-Piz Weight Ahna l-ehxen poplu fl-Ewropa……. WHO Atlas of Health in Europe, 2008, 2nd Edn. 21 ©MKT It-Tipjip Smoking Illi tieqaf mit-tipjip huwa l-iktar investiment siewi f’saħħtek Stopping is the most important step to better health! It-tipjip iżid ir-riskju talmard b’erbgħa darbiet Min ipejjep jitlef 14-il sena minn ħajtu Tistennix attakk tal-qalb jew puplessija qabel ma tieqaf! Hemm ħafna modi biex tieqaf- ssaqsi 5 snin wara li tieqaf tpejjep, irriskju ta’ attakk tal-qalb jinżel għall-istess livell ta’ min ma’ jpejjipx Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction ©MKT Smoking multiplies the risk of disease by 4! Smokers die 14 years earlier Why wait for the heart attack or stroke before you stop? There are many ways to help you stop-ask about them Within 5 years of stopping, your risk of heart attack is reduced to the level of someone who never smoked. Il-Pressjoni Blood Pressure Tindika kemm tahdem ilQalb Tells us how hard your heart has to work Il-pressjoni mhux suppost li taqbez 130/80 Ġeneralment m’hemmx sinjali f'każ ta’ pressjoni għolja ma tħoss xejn Għandek bzonn tiċċekjah ta’ spiss Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction ©MKT Ideal blood pressure is less than 130/80 There are usually no warning signs for abnormal blood pressure You need to check this regularly Il-Pressjoni Gholja Blood Pressure Can be lowered by Lifestyle changes Tista’ nizzilha bl-istil talhajja li taghzel Dieta b’sahhitha- hafna hxejjex u evita x-xaham ta’ lanimali Evita hafna melh Naqqas l-piz zejjed L-ezercizzju regolari huwa importanti Tixrobx hafna spirtu Il-bicca kbira ta’ dawk li ghandhom bzonn il-kura ikollhom jiehduha tulhajjithom kollha Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction Healthy eating-plenty of vegetables and some low fat foods Low salt intake If overweight, reduce weight Exercise regularly Limit alcohol intake Most people who need medication will need it for life ©MKT Il-Kolesterol Cholesterol …….huwa xaħam li jista’ jagħlaq l-arterji. …..Is a fat which in excess can clog up the arteries Hemm bżonn test taddemm L-aħjar livelli tax-xaham: Kolesterol totali sa 4.5mmol/li Triglyceride inqas min 2.5mmol/li Kolesterol HDL iktar min 1mmol/li Kolesterol LDL inqas min 4.1mmo/li Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction A simple blood test is required Ideal lipid profile: ©MKT Total cholesterol up to 4.5mmol/li Triglycerides less than 2.5mmol/li HDL cholesterol more than 1mmol/li LDL cholesterol less than 4.1mmo/li Iz-Zokkor X’inhu id-Dijabete? Diabetes Id-demm jkun fih iktar zokkor mis-soltu. Is-soltu, f'dan il-każ, l-frixa titfa l-insulina fid-demm; din twassal iz-zokkor fiċ-ċelluli fejn tiġi wzata għall-enerġija Meta tkun marid bid-dijabete, ġismek mhux qed jipproduċi u ma jistax juża l-insulina kif suppost. Bħala riżultat, jirduppjaw u jiżdiedu l-attakki tal-qalb u il-puplesiji What is diabetes? Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction ©MKT The sugar level is higher than normal Normally insulin sends sugar into the cells where it is used for energy In diabetes your body can’t make or use insulin properly. Complications may result in stroke or heart disease-up to 2-4 X normal Jekk ghandek iz-Zokkor If you have Diabetes Ghandek bzonn Tiekol dieta tajba u tiċċaqlaq Oqghod attent ghal-piż żomm ruhhek attiv fizikament Tpejjipx Ħu ħsieb iz-zokkor Ħu l-medicini You need to Agħmel viżta regolari ghallpressjoni w l-kolesterol Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction ©MKT diet and exercise Watch your weight Moderate physical activity Stop smoking Check your sugar regularly Take your medications Check your blood pressure and cholesterol regularlyand keep them well controlled! Id-Dijabete f’Malta vs l-Ewropa Diabetes in Malta vs Europe WHO Atlas of Health in Europe,2008,2nd Edn Il-Medicini Medication Importanti li teħodhom kif suppost Take your medication if prescribed Jekk tista’ teħodhom flimkien hemm inqas cans li tinsihom! Xi drabi,fejn hemm iżjed riskju, nistghu nuzaw LAspirina Dan mhux dejjem huwa l-kaz w importanti li l-ewwel titkellem mat-tabib Tnaqqis tar-Riskju/ Risk Reduction See of they can be taken at one go-there is less chance of forgetting them! Sometimes,Aspirin may be prescribed for high risk patients. ©MKT Aspirin may not be advised for some people-so always discuss this with you your doctor. The information in this presentation is for educational purposes only L-informazzjoni f’din il-prezentazzjoni hi biss ghal skop edukativ. 30 Għandek tkellem littabib tieghek għal parir fuq il-każ tiegħek. Jekk tbagħti minn dawn il-kundizzjonijiet, tista’ tevita ħafna problemi jekk tagħmel viżti regolari. ©MKT For personal advice visit your doctor If you have any of the conditions mentioned you should benefit from regular review