Transcript A+ Guide to Managing and Troubleshooting Software 2e

A+ Guide to Software
Managing, Maintaining and Troubleshooting
THIRD EDITION
Chapter 13
Printers, the Mac
OS, and Linux
You Will Learn…

How to use Windows to support printers

About starting up, using, and supporting
hardware in the Mac OS

About the file structure of the Linux OS
and how to use some Linux commands
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Supporting Printers Using
Windows

How to use Windows to install a local
printer

How to share a networked printer

How to troubleshoot Windows printer
problems
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Installing and Sharing a Printer

A local printer is a printer connected to
a computer by way of a port

A networked printer is accessed by
way of a network

The Windows default printer is the one
Windows prints to unless another is
selected
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Installing a Local Printer
1.
Physically attach the printer using any
of the various ports available
2.
Install the printer driver
1.
2.
3.
Insert the manufacturer’s printer driver CD
and follow the directions
Go to Printers and Faxes, click Add a
printer, follow the wizard’s instructions
Test the printer with Print Test Page
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Sharing a Printer with Others in a
Workgroup
1.
Go to Printers and Faxes, right-click,
select Properties, select Share this
printer, enter a share name
2.
To share with additional operating
systems, click Additional Drivers
3.
Select the OSs, Click OK twice
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Sharing a Printer with Others in a
Workgroup (continued)
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Using a Shared Printer
1.
Open Printers and Faxes, click Add a
Printer, click Next
2.
Select A network printer, or a printer
attached to another computer
3.
Enter host computer name and printer
name or click Browse, and select the
printer to install
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Using a Shared Printer (continued)
4.
5.
6.
7.
If Windows XP does not find drivers on
the host computer, click OK to search
Click Have Disk to use manufacturer’s
driver, or select printer manufacturer
and model to use Windows driver
Answer “Do you want to use this printer
as the default printer?”
Do a Print Test Page
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Sharing a Printer Using Windows
98
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Using a Network Printer in
Windows XP
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Associate a Network Printer with a
Printer Port
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Installing a Shared Printer in
Windows 2000
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Other Methods of Sharing a
Printer over a Network



Attach a regular printer to the port on a
PC and share the printer with the
network
Connect a printer with embedded
network logic directly to a network
A dedicated print server device can
control several printers connected to a
network
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How Windows Handles Print Jobs




When Windows NT/2000/XP uses a
PostScript printer, the print job is
converted into the PostScript language
Windows 2000/XP uses Hewlett-Packard
PCL (Printer Control Language)
Windows 9x uses Enhanced Metafile
Format (EMF) for non-PostScript printers
Text data with no embedded control
characters is sent as raw data
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Troubleshooting Printers Using
Windows

Problems caused by the OS

Problems caused by the application
using the printer
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Verify that a Printer Self-Test Page
Can Print

Check that the printer is on

Print a self-test page


Check printer’s user guide for instructions
Verify that information on the test page is
correct
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How to Isolate a Printer Problem
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Verify Connectivity Between PC
and Printer





Enter CMOS and check configuration of
parallel, serial, or USB port
Turn off computer and disconnect
Turn on printer; if it now displays Ready
message, there is a communication
problem between computer and printer
Verify cable is connected to correct port
Verify printer is configured to use the
correct port
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Verity Correct Port
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Verify an OS Test Page Can Print

Open Printers and Faxes, right-click on
the printer, choose Properties, and click
the Print Test Page button

If the self-test page works, but the OS
test page does not, see the extensive list
on pp. 558 – 559 of the text
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Troubleshooting Printing from
Applications





Verify the correct printer is selected in
Print Setup
Try printing from a different application
Delete any files in the print spooler
Reboot the PC, try printing from Notepad
Reopen the application having printing
problems and try printing again
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Troubleshooting Networked
Printers

Is the printer online?

Check that you can print a test page
through the OS of the computer that has
the printer attached locally

If you cannot print from the local printer,
solve the problem there
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Introducing the Mac OS

User-friendly

Ideal for many desktop computer uses

Latest version is Mac OS X
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Starting up a Mac
1.
Self-test controlled from ROM
2.
PRAM (parameter RAM) settings
retrieved
3.
System folder located
4.
Mac OS ROM file loaded
5.
Smiling Mac icon and welcome screen
displayed
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Starting up a Mac (continued)
6.
Enablers located
7.
Disk First Aid runs if the Mac was not
shut down properly
8.
Other System folder contents located
9.
Mac desktop displayed
10.
Finder and startup programs located
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The System Folder
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Control Panels and Extensions
Folders (OS 9)
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Library Folder (OS X)
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Using the Mac

Features of the Mac interface

Finder window

Apple menu

Procedures that help you work with files
and applications (e.g., Sherlock)
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The Mac Desktop
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Using the Finder

Functions somewhat like Explorer or My
Computer in Windows

Allows you to access, organize, and
manage programs, files, and folders

Use the Sherlock utility to search for files
and folders
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The Sherlock Utility
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Using the Apple Menu



Similar to Windows Start menu
Contains accessories to help manage
system tasks, programs such as media
players, a calculator, search programs,
and word processing programs
Submenus



Recent Applications
Recent Documents
Recent Servers
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The Apple Menu
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Customizing the Mac Interface
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Submenus on the Apple Menu
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Launching an Application

Double-click its icon from Finder window

Choose it from Recent Applications
submenu on the Apple menu

Double-click associated file icon

Drag a document icon to application icon
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Supporting Hardware

Monitors and hard drives

Changing settings for video

Understanding the file system used on
the hard drive

Using system maintenance tools
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Adjusting Display Settings
Double-click Display icon under System
Preferences

Resolution

Contrast and brightness

Color depth

Display geometry
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Adjusting Display Settings
(continued)
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Supporting the Hard Drive


Supported drive technologies

IDE

SCSI
File systems on the Mac


HFS (Hierarchical File System), or Mac
OS Standard Format
HFS+ or Mac OS Extended Format
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Directory Structure Elements

Boot blocks

Volume information block

Volume bit map

Catalog tree

Extents tree
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Drive Maintenance Tools
The Mac OS X Utilities folder contains
system tools, including Disk Utility, which
combines the functions of the Mac OS 9
tools Drive Setup and Disk First Aid
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Mac OS X Utilities Folder
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Mac OS X Disk Utility (continued)
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Drive Maintenance Tools

Drive Setup function



Defragmentation utilities




To format a hard drive when it is initially installed
To reformat a damaged hard drive
Copy extents that make up a file into RAM on Mac
Reassemble file
Save complete file back onto the hard drive
Disk First Aid


Checks for errors on hard drive
Runs automatically on reboot if not shut down
properly
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Introducing Linux

Used more often as a file server, Web
server, or e-mail server than as a
desktop OS

Administrative management

Root and user accounts

File structure

Common commands (case sensitive)

Using the vi editor
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Root Accounts and User Accounts
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

Based on Unix; uses many same commands
Default shell is Bash shell
System administrator has root privileges; can
access all functions of OS
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
Installs updates to the OS (patches)
Manages backups
Supports installations of hardware and software
Sets up user accounts
Resets passwords
Generally supports users
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Directory and File Layout
Root directory

Main directory in Linux and UNIX

Indicated with a forward slash

Lists contents with the ls command
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Linux ls –l Directory Listing
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Editing Commands

Alt+D


Delete a word
Alt+B

Ctrl+K



Delete from current
position to end of line
Ctrl+A


Move cursor left one
word
Alt+F

Move cursor right one
word
Move cursor to
beginning of
command line
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Viewing the Shells File
1.
2.
3.
Type cat /etc/shells and press
Enter
A list of shells stored in the /bin
directory appears; type clear and
press Enter to clear the screen
Type cat -n /etc/shells and
press Enter for a list of shells with a
number before each line
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Redirecting Output
Use redirection symbol (>) to direct
output to a file
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Using the Cat Command
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Creating a Directory
Do not store data files in the root directory;
create a new directory and move the new
file called “available_shells” to it
1.
2.
3.
Type mkdir myfiles, press Enter
Type mv /available_shells . and
press Enter
Type ls to see contents of myfiles
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Creating a Directory (continued)
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Using the vi Editor


vi editor is a visual editor

Insert mode

Command mode
All commands are case sensitive
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The vi Text Editor
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vi Editor Commands
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Window Managers

GUI interfaces for Unix and Linux

Example: GNOME
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A GNOME Window
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Summary

Using Windows to support printers

Starting up, using, and supporting
hardware in the Mac OS

The file structure of the Linux OS and
using some Linux commands
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