Transcript Introduction to College Writing

Introduction to College Writing
ENC 1101
FIU
Tue & Thu. 3:00 – 5: 00p.m.
Week 7
March 9&11 Agendas
 Collect 10 MORE Study Cards
 Jump Drives & Books:
Research Process, Source Cards, &
Library Passes
The EW pp. 465 -475
Chaps.48 - 51
 Research Writing: My Problem
or Question/Your
Solution/Questions
 Group Work for IWinF
Presentations
Tuesday
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 The EW EX. 30.5 [p. 293]
 IWinF Presentations
 Classical Argumentations
 A&B [p. 213]
 Classical Argument Jumble
------------------------------Thursday
O.O.C:
Writing an Argument
Exam #2 next week
Research Writing
Brainstorm your topic, write on a sheet of paper then
pass to 2 partners, let them help you come up with
questions to answer in your research.
See Research Writing Presentation
Research Writing
Group Work for
IWinF
SEE YOU NEXT
CLASS
March 11 Agenda
 The EW EX. 30.5 [p. 293]
 IWinF Presentations
 Classical Argumentations
 A&B [p. 213]
 Classical Argument Jumble
-------------------------------
O.O.C:
Writing an Argument
Thursday
aDJECtives & AdVErbs
The Everyday Writer Ex. 30.5 [p. 293]
Informational Writing in the Field
• Poise
• Knowledge of Process/Passion for Topic
• Accuracy of Data
• Elegance/Professionalism of Presentation
IWinF Presentations
Classical Arguments
The Greeks argued and created the dynamic for
argumentation used in our Modern world
today.
Argumentation involves
2 components:
(a) Truth seeking & (b) persuasion
Truth Seeking
Plato
A diligent, open-minded, and responsible search
for the best course of action or solution to a
problem, taking into account all the available
information and alternative points of view.
Persuasion
Socrates
The art of making a claim on an issue and
justifying it convincingly so that the
audience’s initial resistance to your position
is overcome and they are moved toward
your position.
Stages of Development of an Arguer
A&B
Stage
1: Argument as personal opinion
(pp. 209 & 210)
Typically expressing strong personal opinion but have trouble justifying
their opinions with reasons and evidence and often create short,
undeveloped arguments that are circular, lacking in evidence, and
insulting to those who disagree.
2
Stage : Arguments structured as claim supported by one or more reason
Drastic change in argumentative skill because the writer can now produce a
rational plan containing point sentences (the reasons) and particulars
(the evidence).
3
Stage : Increased attention to truth seeking
Increasingly engaged with the complexity of the issue as they listen to their
classmates’ views, conduct research, and evaluate alternative
perspectives and stances. They are often willing to change their positions
when they see the power of other arguments.
Stages of Development of an Arguer
A&B
(pp. 209 & 210)
Stage
4: Ability to articulate the unstated assumptions underlying their arguments
Arguments must be persuasive and are based on an assumption, value,
or belief (often unstated) that the audience must accept. Arguers
usually identifies and analyzes their own assumptions and those of
their intended audiences. They gain increased skill at accommodating
alternative views through refutation or concession.
Stage
5: Ability to link an argument to the values and beliefs of the
intended audience.
They are able to link arguments to their audiences’ beliefs and values and to
adapt structure and tone to the resistance level of their audience. They
appreciate how delayed-thesis arguments or other psychological
strategies can be more effective than closed-form arguments when
addressing hostile audiences.
Argument Model
Writing an argument:
 Find an Arguable Issue
 State a Claim – your position on the issue
 Articulate the reasons – one view, another view,
still another view
 State Opposing view
 Respond to Opposing Views, counterarguments,
alternatives views
 Conclusion
A&B [p. 228, fig. 8.1]
1. Post Hoc, Ergo Propter Hoc
(After this, Therefore
Because of This) – mistaking
sequence for cause. Assuming that
because one event happened before
another it caused the second.
2. Hasty Generalization – refers
to claims based on insufficient or
unrepresentative data.
Top 10
Fallacies
Informal Fallacies
These are instances of murky reasoning that can
cloud an argument and lead to unsound
conclusions.
4. Either/Or Reasoning –
Reducing a complex, multi-sided issue to
only two positions without
acknowledging other alternatives.
5. Ad Hominem (“Against the Person”) –
When people cannot find fault with an
argument, they sometimes attack the
other arguer.
Top 10
Fallacies
Informal Fallacies
3. False Analogy –
Irrational comparisons to prove a point.
Informal Fallacies
6. Appeals to False Authority and
Top 10
Fallacies
Bandwagon Appeals – fallacies that
offer as support the fact that a famous
person or “many people” already
support it.
7. Non Sequitur (“It Does Not Follow”) –
Fallacies that occur when there is no
evident connection between a claim
and its reason. 
8. Circular Reasoning –
Giving a claim, then, as your reason, you
restate the claim (redundancy).
Informal Fallacies
Top 10
Fallacies
9. Red Herring – Raising unrelated or
irrelevant points deliberately to throw an
audience off track (intentional digression).
10. Slippery Slope –
Alluding to the fear that a step in one
direction we don’t like will inevitably lead
to another step without stopping (fear
tactics)
o.o.c:
SEE YOU NEXT
CLASS