Transcript Settling the Great Basin - Mount Logan Middle School

Settling the Great Basin
Chapter 7
This is a no gum class.
Please dispose of it
properly!
Bell Activity
Your word is “survey”
 Find the word on your salmon (orange/pink)
study guide and complete the following
information for the word.
 Find the definition using a glossary.
 Use your own knowledge and experience to
complete the rest of the definition.
 Where should your backpack be?
Does your work look something like
this?
Word:
survey
My Understanding: 4 3 2 1
Definition:
Draw a picture of it:
Sentence:
Synonym/
Example:
Antonym/NonExample:
Does your work look something like
this?
Word:
survey
Definition: the act of determining the
exact boundaries of a parcel of land
Sentence: The Mormons surveyed the
land to create new settlements, like Salt
Lake City.
Synonym/
Antonym/NonExample: analysis, Example: uncharted
appraisal; map
unappraised
My Understanding: 4 3 2 1
Draw a picture of it:
Today we will learn…
 History Objective – 
We will describe
the tasks the pioneers
were faced with when
they began to settle
the Salt Lake Valley.
Language Objective –
We will listen for
important details and
write what we learn in
our notes.
 Behavior Objective – Work Ethic: We will stay
on task and listen for important information.
Settling the Great Basin
Video clip: Exodus Preparing the Valley
Take out a
piece of
paper and
divide it
into four
boxes.
Title them
like you
see here.
Salt Lake City
The First Year
Utah: The Struggle for
Statehood
 How did Brigham Young prepare for
the move West? What resources did he
use to plan for the move? How did he
use the reports of explorers and the
war with Mexico to help his people?
A New Home in the West
 The Mormons had
three important
tasks to complete
before winter came.
 They needed to
plant crops.
 They had to build
homes.
 They needed to
explore the valley.
Exploring the Valley
 The Mormons arrived
in the Salt Lake Valley
on July 24, 1847.
Within two hours, they
were digging trenches
for farming and
irrigation.
 Two days later sixteen
men were sent to
explore the area
around the Great Salt
Lake and the
surrounding valleys.
Valleys Around the Salt Lake
 Tooele and Utah Valley were
seen very early on. They
described the Indians living
in these areas as peaceful.
 August, they had also
explored Bear River and
Cache Valleys.
 At the present day site of
Ogden, they found Miles
Goodyear’s Fort Buenaventura
where they saw some log
buildings, corrals, and herds of
cattle, horses, goats, and
“some sheep that needed
shearing.”
Building Their New Home
 To build shelters, the men
of the Advance Pioneer
Company went into the
canyons and cut timber.
Oxen dragged the logs to
the site of a new fort.
 The men built an adobe fort
called the old fort.
 They made bricks from wet
clay and plant fibers then
dried in the sun.
 The fort’s wall was 8 to 9
feet tall, and 27 inches
thick.
Inside the Fort
 Log cabins were built inside
the fort along the inside of
the walls.
 Each house was 16 feet
long and 14 feet wide.
 The open space in the
middle was shared by
everyone, but is was also a
place to keep their animals.
 The site of Old Fort is now
Pioneer Park in Salt Lake
City.
City Creek
 The day after they arrived in
the valley, the pioneers
dammed up City Creek,
flooded some land at 4th
South and East Temple
Street, and planted potatoes.
By July 31 corn was up two
inches.
 By December the potatoes
were the size of silver dollars
and 2,000 acres of winter
wheat had been planted.
 All of the plants depended on
irrigation water.
Laying Out Salt Lake City
 Brigham Young
assigned Orson
Pratt and H.G.
Sherwood to lay
out a grid
system for new
city.
 They had first
used this
system in
Nauvoo,
Illinois.
 The surveying
was finished by
late August
1847.
The Plan for a Modern City
 There were 135 blocks,
each having 10 acres
divided into 8 lots where
houses and gardens
could be made.
 The streets were wide
enough to turn around a
wagon and team.
 Three public squares
were set aside, which
are now the Salt Lake
City and County
Building, Liberty Park,
and Pioneer Park.
Modern Salt Lake City
The First Winter
 In September, the first large
groups of pioneers arrived
in Salt Lake Valley.









1,540 people
580 wagons
124 horses
9 mules
2,213 oxen
887 cows
358 sheep
35 hogs
716 chicken
Hungry Times
 By late September, however,
“Cattle and horses entirely
destroyed the crops sown, except
the potatoes, the tops of which
they ate smooth with the ground.”
 Although the winter was fairly
mild, food was scarce.
 The Pioneers killed some of their
cows for meat, but there was little
vegetables or flour.
 The people made do, eating
crows, hawks, wolf, thistle tops
and roots, and sego lily bulbs.
Mormon Crickets
 The next Spring, clouds of black
crickets began eating the crops.
 Harriet Young, one of the first
women in the valley, wrote in her
diary
 “Today, to our utter astonishment, the
crickets came by millions, sweeping
everything before them. They first
attacked a patch of beans for us and
in twenty minutes there were no
beans to be seen. They next swept
over peas, then came into our
garden; took everything clean.”
 When it got worse some people talked of
leaving to go to California.
Crickets and Seagulls
 The Pioneers fought the crickets, trying
to protect their crops.
 They banged pots, swept them off with
brooms,gathered them up in baskets to
burn or dump in the river.
 Partial relief came when flocks of seagulls
filled the sky, gorging on the crickets for
weeks.
 Some saw this as a miracle, which is why
the California gull is the state bird of Utah.
 Years later the gulls returned as did the
crickets. Problems with the crickets lasted for many years.
 They still threaten areas of Delta, Tooele and other places.
Difficult Times
 The first few years in Utah were difficult for the Mormon
Pioneers.
 But Brigham Young was right, it was the right place. The
Wasatch Front was the only good place to settle for hundreds
of miles.
 Very soon others would arrive in the valley, Mormons and nonMormons.
This is a no gum class.
Please dispose of it
properly!
Bell Activity
Your word is “bowery”
 Find the word on your salmon (orange/pink)
study guide and complete the following
information for the word.
 Find the definition using a glossary.
 Use your own knowledge and experience to
complete the rest of the definition.
 Where should your backpack be?
Does your work look something like
this?
Word:
bowery
Definition: a shaded place for holding
meetings
Sentence: One of the first structures
built in Salt Lake City was a bowery
where the Mormons could hold meetings.
Synonym/
Antonym/NonExample: pavilion, Example: house,
gazebo
church
My Understanding: 4 3 2 1
Draw a picture of it:
Video Questions
As you watch the video clips today, listen for details you didn’t
know before and write them down. Then in the last segment,
write a list of the problems the Mormon pioneers faced their first
year in Utah and how they solved the problems.
Tierra Incognita & This is the
Survival
Place
Problems
Solutions
Deseret
The Utah Territory
This is a no gum class.
Please dispose of it
properly!
Bell Activity
Your word is “perpetuate”
 Find the word on your salmon (orange/pink)
study guide and complete the following
information for the word.
 Find the definition using a glossary.
 Use your own knowledge and experience to
complete the rest of the definition.
 Where should your backpack be?
Does your work look something like
this?
Word:
perpetuate
Definition: to cause to continue
indefinitely
Sentence: Many immigrants
perpetually come to Utah.
Synonym/
Example:
continue, carry on
Antonym/NonExample: end,
cease, stop
My Understanding: 4 3 2 1
Draw a picture of it:
This is a no gum class.
Please dispose of it
properly!
Bell Activity
Your word is “”
 Find the word on your salmon (orange/pink)
study guide and complete the following
information for the word.
 Find the definition using a glossary.
 Use your own knowledge and experience to
complete the rest of the definition.
 Where should your backpack be?
Does your work look something like
this?
Word:
perpetuate
Definition: a
Draw a picture of it:
Sentence: O
Synonym/
Example:
My Understanding: 4 3 2 1
Antonym/NonExample: