Transcript Document

International Helicopter Safety Team
Overview Briefing
Mark Liptak
FAA ASA-100
IHST Program Director
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
1
Today’s Objectives
•
The case for change in helicopter safety
•
IHST program status - US and worldwide efforts
•
Basics of analysis and implementation processes
•
Basics of analysis findings - US fleet accident data set
•
Invite stakeholders in Japan to consider working with us
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
2
Worldwide Helicopter Accidents per Year
1991 to 2005
700
Accident Count
600
500
400
300
200
100
US Military
US Civil
05
04
03
02
01
00
99
98
97
96
95
94
93
92
91
0
Year
Non US Civil and Military
We have a worldwide problem!
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
3
September 2005 – Montreal
International Helicopter Safety Symposium (IHSS)
300 attendees from the worldwide helicopter
community
Unanimous position reached – unacceptable
trends
International Helicopter Safety Team (IHST)
formed
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
4
IHST is a volunteer effort
Analysis and implementation processes developed
by the IHST, used by international participants
Data sets (accident reports), analysts from industry
and government formed and sustained locally
IHST assists with process training and
standardization, international coordination
IHST coordinates performance metrics
ongoing data mining efforts
seeking regional data sources (flight hours)
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
5
Worldwide Helicopter Fleet Distribution
33598 aircraft
Brazil 1050 3%
IHST Partner
Australasia 1957 6%
Kick-off cpt
Canada 1887 6%
CIS 2000 6%
United States 14269 43%
Europe 6860 20%
GCC 250 1%
South Africa 577 2%
Others 3469 10%
Outreach efforts
continue, seeking
partnerships in the Mid
and Far East, CIS,
Mexico and S. Africa
Japan 786 2%
India 150 0.4%
Mexico 343 1%
Global outreach key to success
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
updated Jan ‘09
6
Worldwide Helicopter Fleet Distribution
33598 aircraft
Brazil 1050 3%
IHST Partner
Australasia 1957 6%
Kick-off cpt
Canada 1887 6%
CIS 2000 6%
United States 14269 43%
Europe 6860 20%
GCC 250 1%
South Africa 577 2%
Others 3469 10%
Japan 786 2%
India 150 0.4%
Mexico 343 1%
Outreach efforts
continue, seeking
partnerships in the Mid
and Far East, CIS,
Mexico and S. Africa
Is this
correct?
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
updated Jan ‘09
7
IHST is following a proven model
IHST (CAST)
Charters Activity
CAST=Commercial Aviation Safety Team
JHSAT=Joint Helicopter Safety Analysis Team
JHSIT=Joint Helicopter Safety Implementation Team
JHSAT (JSAT)
Analyzes Data
Proposes most
effective interventions
JHSIT (JSIT)
Assesses feasibility of
interventions
works implementation
Continued data analysis,
measure intervention
effectiveness
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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Progressing Toward the 80% Goal
US Fleet Data
10
Trend projection if no action taken
Start – 9.1
Per 100K hours
9
~760
Accidents Avoided
~372
Fatalities/Serious
Injuries Avoided
US Accident Rate per 100,000 flight hours
8
7
6
source: Bell Worldwide Database
5
4
3
2
Goal – 1.8
Per 100K hours
1
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2001-2005
avg
0
Year
9
Progressing Toward the 80% Goal
Worldwide Fleet Data
Start – 9.5
10
Trend projection if no action taken
Per 100K hours
~1694
Accidents Avoided
~1132
Fatalities/Serious
Injuries Avoided
Worldwide Accident Rate per 100,000 flight hours
9
8
7
6
source: Bell Worldwide Database
5
4
3
2
Goal – 1.9
Per 100K hours
1
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
2007
2006
2001-2005
avg
0
Year
10
This is a worldwide effort
All IHST participants using a process adapted from CAST.
Key attributes:
All recommendations directly rooted in accident data.
Regional ownership –
- Data is owned and analyzed by those most familiar with
it.
- Safety recommendations are implemented by teams
most familiar with local needs and challenges.
JHSAT and JHSIT lead teams responsible for training/coaching
regional teams, measuring the results of the safety
recommendations and implementation effectiveness.
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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US JHSAT
JHSIT Stakeholders
U.S.
Safety and
Coordination
Program
Government
Industry
U.S. Safety Coordination Program
AHS
HAI
Bell
Sikorsky
Government
International Helicopter
Industry
Eurocopter
Safety Team
JHSAT
Turbomeca
AHS
(IHST)
Rolls Royce
HAI
AHS
GE
Bell
HAI
Schweizer
Sikorsky
Bell
Operators
Eurocopter Sikorsky
International
Helicopter FAA
Joint
JointHelicopter
Safety
Boeing
• Aircraft Certification
Turbomeca Eurocopter
ALEA
Safety
SafetyAnalysis
Team
Analysis
Teams
JHSIT
NASA
Rolls Royce Turbomeca
Pratt Whitney
CHC
Team
(JHSAT)
(IHST)
(JHSAT)
Schweizer Rolls Royce
HAC
GE
Bristow
Eurocopter
Air Methods Schweizer
Sikorsky
Operators
Silver State Helo LLC
FAA
PHI
Joint
Safety
Boeing
Joint Helicopter
• Aircraft Certification
NASA
Bristow
ALEA
Analysis
Teams
NASA
FAA
Safety
Implementation
Arkansas Child Hosp
Pratt Whitney
(JHSAT)
Team
(JHSIT)
Stakeholder participation is
crucial to success
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
AELA
ALEA
Silver State Helo LLC
Life Flight Maine
Bell
FAA
12
IHST Organization Chart
Executive Committee
Government Co- Chair
Industry Co- Chair
FAA – Dennis Pratte
HAI – Matt Zuccaro
Secretariat
Program Director
AHS – M. Rhett Flater
FAA – Mark Liptak
Director
Director
Bell Helicopter – Somen Chowdhury
EHEST– Jean-Pierre Dedieu
Director
Director
Shell Aircraft – Robert Sheffield
NASA – Dr. Amy Pritchett
Director
Director
HAC – Fred Jones
EHA Representative – TBD
JHSAT Co-Chairs
JHSIT Co-Chairs
Regional Partners - Europe, Brazil, India, Australia, Canada, US
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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IHST Safety Initiative
Analysis, Implementation and Metrics Functional Structure
IHST
Executive
Committee
Recommendations Implemented
Accident Analyses
Performance
Metrics
JHSAT
Co-Chairs
JHSIT
Co-Chairs
Refinement
Standardization
Canada
JHSAT
India
JHSAT
EHSAT
Brazil
JHSAT
US
JHSAT
Others
Accident Analysis
Recommendations
turned into
Implementation Actions
JHSAT Accident Analysis
Recommendations
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
Canada
JHSIT
India
JHSIT
EHSIT
Brazil
JHSIT
US
JHSIT
Others
JHSIT
Implementation
Actions
14
2006
IHSS
Excom
Formed Formed
US
Europe
1 2
1
2008
2007
3
5
2
6
2010
7
4
3
5
4
1
2 3
1
Brazil
Australia
2009
TBD
Program staffing, sales, marketing, management, communications, international outreach
Canada
India
Today
IHST Program - Regional Process Tracking
1
2
2
4
3
CIS
7
8
Metrics
6 7 8
5
4
5
6
4
7
8
Metrics
5 6 7 8
2 3
4 5 6 7 8
1
Japan
Metrics
6
3
Mid East
8
E
1
E
E
2 3
4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8
1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8
4 JHSAT Report Complete 7 JHSIT SEs complete
Key: 1 Regional Kickoff Meeting
2 JHSAT Team Formed
5 JHSIT Formed
8 JHSIT DIPs complete
3 Accident Dataset Established6 JHSIT Process Refined
E Regional “exploratory” mtg
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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Why do we think our process will work?
Three Examples:
Commercial Aviation
OGP/Shell Aircraft
ALEA
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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Large Transport Ops Rate Improvements
Pressurized Aircraft into fleet (L-049, DC-6 & B377) Earliest ILS (Glide slope, LOC & markers)
8
Broad implementation of VOR and DME
Radar introduced at selected towers
Vickers-700 Turboprop (1953 in UK, 1956 US)
DC-7 (1955), Lockheed Electra ATC centers RADAR
and radio contact with cruise aircraft 1949-55
7
6
Long-Range radar (Centers)
Jet Engine; 707 (1958) & DC-8
VOR/DME integrated into autopilot
(precision approaches)
Secondary radar
5
4
RNAV (processing VOR/DME &
basic Instruments)
GPWS, TCAS; Early automation
3
FMS
CRM & 6-Axis Simulator & FDR
Windshear
Cabin Safety
FOQA/ASAP & ATC Data
RJ Revolution
New Large Jets
Cooperative safety
agenda
2
1
'02
98
94
90
86
82
78
74
70
66
62
58
54
50
0
46
Major Fatal Accidents Per Million Departures
Factors That Led To Breakthroughs in
Major Fatal Accident Rates Since 1946
9
Source: cast.org
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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Source: R. Sheffield, Shell Aircraft
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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Airborne Law Enforcement Association Education
Programs
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Began SMS training 2000
Accreditation Standards adopted 2005
Adopted IHST SMS Toolkit 2007
480 people/year attend Regional Safety Seminars
220 attended pre-conference courses in 2007
1,100 people attend Annual Conference
Total membership – 3,600
Reduced accidents by 75% (21-6) from 1999-2007 by
adoption of SMS methods
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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A look at some of the IHST’s work in the US
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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US JHSAT Process Overview
JHSAT Process Overview
Charter
Development
Develop
Recommendations
by Mission – Ranked
by Frequency
Identify
Mission
Recommendations
with Fleet Wide
Applicability
Establish
Team
Roll Up
Problem and
Intervention
Pairs
Select
Data Set
Review
NTSB
Docket Data
Score
Validity,
Importance,
Ability, Usage
Rank Fleet Wide
Recommendations
By Frequency
Technical
Review
&
Expert
Validation
Develop
Event
Sequence
Develop
Problem &
Intervention
Statements
Yes
Identify
Problems
(what/why)
Report
Results
No
Conflicts?
IHST
JHSIT
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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US Accident Analysis Overview:
197 accidents analyzed; covered a wide spectrum of
helicopter operations – 15 basic mission types identified.
1200+ scored problem statements/intervention findings
developed
US JHSAT refined the problem statement/intervention
findings into:
7 foundational recommendation areas for the US fleet
125 specific recommendations for 15 mission types
2001 analysis almost complete, 174 additional accidents
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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Ranked US Fleet-wide Recommendations
1. Safety Management
2. Training
3. Systems and Equipment
4. Information
5. Maintenance
6. Regulatory Recommendations
7. Infrastructure
Detailed problem/solution info for 15 missions also developed
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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Missions: 2000 vs 2001
# 2000
# 2001
US Fleet– CY2000 Data
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
# 2000
# 2001
Aerial
appl
Aerial
obs
28
18
10
6
Air
Biz
Comm
Tours owned Ops
10
9
9
10
16
14
ENG
EMS
Extern
al load
Fire
fight
4
2
12
14
7
4
6
6
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
Law
Ins/Tra
Loggin Offsho Pers/p
enforc
Util ptrl
in
g
re
vt
e
37
29
13
10
5
4
9
7
27
38
4
3
24
t
Ju
dg
/A
ct
D
io
at
n
a
is
Sa
su
es
fe
ty
M
gm
t
Pi
G
lo
ro
un t S
A
d
D
ut
M
ie
is
s
si
on
Pa
Ri
sk
rt
/S
ys
M
Fa
ai
Po
nt
il
en
st
-c
an
ra
ce
s
Co
h
Su
m
m
rv
un
iv
ic
at
io
R
ns
Sa
eg
fe
ul
ty
at
or
Sy
y
s
&
In
Eq
fr
Pe
as
pt
rs
tr
on
uc
ne
tu
lre
no
nC
re
w
Pi
lo
Number
Accidents in which Problem Category was
Cited at least Once
180
160
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
2000
2001
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
25
NTSB Phase of Flight-2000 vs 2001
20%
18%
16%
14%
12%
%2000
10%
%2001
8%
6%
4%
2%
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
c
is
m
D
es
ce
nt
Ap
Em
pr
er
oa
g
ch
D
es
c/
Ln
Em
dg
er
g
Ln
dg
La
nd
in
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of
f
Ta
ke
Ta
xi
se
ru
i
C
lim
b
C
St
an
di
ng
G
ro
un
d
0%
26
Light Conditions x IMC/VMC
VMC
Night/Dark
IMC
Night/Bright
Night
Dusk>Dawn
Daylight
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
Number
2001 accident data
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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Intervention Categories (2000 vs 2001)
% of Interventions ID'ed
35.0
30.0
25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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Moving from analysis to implementation
Analysis team results passed to an implementation team
Joint Helicopter Safety Analysis Team (JHSAT)
Joint Helicopter Safety Implementation Team (JHSIT)
JHSAT  JHSIT
The JHSIT is responsible for receiving the recommendations,
ranking them against specific criteria and developing
detailed implementation plans
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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U.S. JHSIT PROCESS FLOW
Initiate Top Level Safety Intervention Actions
(e.g. promoting IHST, SMS, Infrastructure changes)
Review JHSAT
Recommendations
& Assign Number
Group
Recommendations
By Common
Theme
IHST Approval
JHSAT Overall
Effectiveness
Value (OE)
Prepare
Preliminary
Safety
Enhancement
Plan
Assign JHSIT
Average
Feasibility Value
Prioritize
Recommendations
(OE x F)
IHST Approval
Prepare Detailed
Safety
Implementation
Plan
Execute and
Monitor Progress
Of Safety
Implementation
Plan
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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US Implementation Challenges
Target audience is the 1 to 5 ship operators
IHST/JHSIT not staffed to interact with 1000+
operators
Need to leverage system and infrastructure
channels to influence change
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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HAI
Member
Demographic
HAI
Survey
Data
300
Identifying the target audience
250
Number of Members
200
150
100
50
0
Number of Rororcraft Owned
The IHST challenge – reaching small and medium sized operators
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
32
Pathways to Influence Change in the US
Maintainers
Trainers
ABC
Groups
Insurance
Industry
Pubs
FSDO
OEMs
Accreditation
Progs
1 to 5 ship operators
We need to find high leverage means to influence the small ops community
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
33
Conclusions:
We have a problem – Unanimity in the worldwide helicopter
community; long term accident trends are unacceptable.
We know how to fix it – Using a data driven, stakeholder
consensus process we’ve identified the drivers behind
helicopter accidents. Implementation of SMS, training,
information and maintenance enhancements are the
top priority targets. Demonstrated benefits in OGP, EMS, ALEA
and other well funded and managed operations. Effectiveness
measures will be used.
We can’t do it alone – Any entity with accident data willing to
use the IHST analysis and implementation process is a viable
candidate to join this worldwide initiative.
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
34
Request:
IHST seeks to engage helicopter industry stakeholders in Japan
Manufacturers
Operators
Regulators
Researchers
Next considerations:
Identify responsible leaders
Identify an accident dataset
Learn the IHST analysis process
Program resources, timing, implementation actions come under local
(Japanese) ownership, day to day work not managed by IHST
However, the basic analysis and implementation process developed by
the IHST should be used to develop outputs compatible with the
overall IHST effort
Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
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Japan Helicopter Society briefing – April 17, 2009
36