Transcript SIM Open Day presentation

Using technology to improve
quality in education – 2
Ian Johnson
UdR, Bogota, agosto 2008
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OVERVIEW
Research and teaching quality
Journals as learning resources
Growth and changes in journal
publishing
The Open Access movement
Challenges for Open Access
publishers
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RESEARCH AND TEACHING
QUALITY
At the leading edge of knowledge
Specialist expertise
Confidence in the classroom
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RESEARCH AND
SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION
Researchers seek
Impact
Recognition
Prestige
Honours
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ACADEMIC REWARD SYSTEM
Tenure and promotion
Based on research and publication
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PRESSURE TO PUBLISH
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GROWTH IN
SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING
 Scientific papers
 1870s – c.800 pa papers in mathematics
 2000 – c.50,000 papers in mathematics
 Scientific journals
 1800s – c.90 journals published
 2000 – c.16,000 journals published in
English (c.16,000 Spanish; 8,000 Chinese)
 Scientific publishers
 1800s - Universities and societies
C20 - Commercial companies
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THE AUDIENCE FOR PRINTED
SCHOLARLY JOURNALS
 Journals are an essential tool for research
and teaching
but
 Increases in the number of titles, and
 Fixed or declining library budgets
resulted in
 Increases in prices
 Fewer sales
 Fewer readers
 Less read
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CONCERNS OF THE RESEARCH
COMMUNITY AND LIBRARIANS
Researchers could not easily access
all publications in their field
Libraries could not purchase all titles
required by academics
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CHALLENGES FOR LATIN
AMERICAN RESEARCHERS (1)
Institutionally funded publication
 No incentive for
• Quality control
• Regular publication
• Improving distribution
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ACCESS TO LATIN AMERICAN
PRINTED JOURNALS
CLASE - Latin American Citations in
Social Sciences and Humanities -
http://www.dgbiblio.unam.mx/clase.html
INFOBILA (Library and Information
sciences) -
http://infocuib.laborales.unam.mx/~ibt/inf
oweb.html
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CONSEQUENCES (1)
Not included in international indexing
services
Incomplete collections
Journal contents little known
Journals not highly regarded
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CHALLENGES FOR LATIN
AMERICAN RESEARCHERS (2)
Pressure to publish in English in
journals indexed by ISI
Linguistic isolation
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CONSEQUENCES (2)
Best researchers may not publish in
Latin American journals
 Latin American research and scholarship
is not highly visible
Awareness of new developments is
inhibited
 Teachers cannot use journals to keep
students up to date
Innovation and development is
inhibited
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Questions?
Comments?
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ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING –
A NEW QUALITY RESOURCE
Low distribution costs
High investment costs
Added value features
Cross file searching
e-tables of contents
Citation linking
Digitising older material
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CONSOLIDATION
IN THE INDUSTRY
 Global market share of English-language
scientific journals
28.2%
14.1%
9.5%
7.5%
3.6%
3.6%
66.4%
-
Reed Elsevier
Springer Science (incl. Kluwer)
Thomson ISI
John Wiley/Blackwell Publishing
Informa Taylor and Francis
American Chemical Society
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NEW BUSINESS MODELS
The ‘big deal’
A package of journal titles
•Limits on selection
•Prices based on print
subscriptions
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GROWTH AND CHANGES
IN JOURNAL PUBLISHING
 Welcomed by researchers
 Significant increase in journal availability
and use
 Resented by librarians
 Publishers’ unfamiliar with customer care
 A cause for concern for universities and
research funders
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EMERGING ALTERNATIVES
Librarians trying to negotiate reduced
prices
Researchers trying to encourage epublishing
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OPEN ARCHIVES MOVEMENT
Documentation centres in 1960s
1991 : creation of the arXiv.org
physics archive by Paul Ginsparg
1997 : creation of the CogPrints
archive by Stevan Harnad
1999 - 2001 : creation of the Open
Archive Initiative (OAI)
http://www.openarchives.org/
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E-JOURNALS ?
e-publishing
 Growing number of e-journals publishers
• SciELO – Scientific Electronic Library
Online, 1997
• CLACSO Digital Library, 1998
• AJOL – African Journals Online, 1998
 Reorganisation of Chinese journal
publishing, 1999-2002
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THE OPEN ACCESS MOVEMENT
Budapest Open Access Initiative
(BOAI), February 2002
http://www.soros.org/openaccess/ind
ex.shtml
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GREEN AND GOLD
BOAI recommended self-archiving
 ‘Green’ Open Access: a journal allows or
encourages the simultaneous deposit of
peer-reviewed published papers in
publicly accessible online repositories
BOAI encouraged open access journal
publishing
 ‘Gold’ Open Access: a journal charges
nothing to readers for access to the
electronic versions of articles published in
it
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GROWING ENDORSEMENT OF
OPEN ACCESS
 Bethesda Statement, April 2003
 Berlin Declaration, October 2003
 OECD Declaration, January 2004
 IFLA Statement, April 2004
 Scottish Declaration, October 2004
 Rio Framework for Open Science, June 2006
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OPEN ACCESS JOURNAL
MODELS
 Journals supported by
 Author payment per article
• Institutional or consortial membership
• Free publication for those who cannot afford it
 Start-up grants
 Commercial income – advertising and
sponsorship
 Voluntary activity and involuntary support
 Hybrid journals
 Delayed Open Access
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ELECTRONIC PUBLISHING
IN LATIN AMERICA
Growing investment by
commercial publishing
companies
Grupo Oceano
EBSCOHost, Thomson Learning,
Dialnet, ProQuest
Continued pattern of institutional
subsidy
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SciELO –
Scientific Electronic Library Online
 550 journals from 8 countries (from
15,000+)
 Selection
• Regular publication
• Peer reviewed
• Financial contribution to SciELO
 Back issues to 1997?
 Colombia in SciELO
 http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php/scri
pt_sci_home/lng_es/nrm_iso
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OTHER LATIN AMERICAN e-JOURNALS
Library and Information Science
ALFA Project REVISTAS
c.300 journals published in Spanish
and Portuguese
 c.220 from Latin America
 Not all currently published
c.90 available online
 c.50 from Latin America
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AGGREGATORS OF OPEN
ACCESS e-JOURNALS
Europe – DOAJ, EZB
Ibero-America – SciELO, RedALyC,
LivRe, REI, RACO
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AGGREGATOR COVERAGE
OF OPEN ACCESS
LIS e-JOURNALS
Number of
LIS e-journals in
Catalan, Portuguese
and Spanish
SciELO
c.90
LivRe
2
29
RACO
3
RedALyC
8
REI
15
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Open Journal
Systems/SEER
http://pkp.sfu.ca/ojs/
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Questions?
Comments?
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