Transcript The United States and Canada

Human Geography
Natural Resources
 United States
 coal, copper, lead, molybdenum, phosphates, uranium,
bauxite, gold, iron, mercury, nickel, potash, silver,
tungsten, zinc, petroleum, natural gas, timber
 18% of the land in the U.S. is arable land.

In geography, arable land is an agricultural term, meaning
land that can be used for growing crops.
 Canada
 iron ore, nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, molybdenum,
potash, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal, petroleum,
natural gas, hydropower
Land Use
 United States (world’s 4th largest country)
 arable land: 19%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 25%
forests and woodland: 30%
other: 26% (1993 est.)
 Canada (2nd largest country in the world)
 arable land: 5%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 3%
forests and woodland: 54%
other: 38% (1993 est.)
Infrastructure

The United States and Canada have highly
developed infrastructures that include:
A. Modern road systems (interstates, freeways,
bridges, tunnels)
B. Telecommunications systems (internet
connections, phone systems)
C. Ports, railroads, educational systems
Infrastructure
 United States:
 Railways: total: 240,000 km mainline routes
 Highways: total: 6.42 million km
 Waterways: 41,009 km of navigable inland channels
 Airports: 14,459
 Canada
 Railways: total: 36,114 km
 Highways: total: 901,902 km
 Waterways: 3,000 km
 Airports: 1,417
Infrastructure impact
 http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/densitymap.htm
Industries


United States: Petroleum, steel, motor vehicles,
aerospace, telecommunications, chemicals,
electronics, food processing, consumer goods,
lumber, mining, computer technology
Canada: processed and unprocessed minerals, food
products, wood and paper products, transportation
equipment, chemicals, fish products, petroleum and
natural gas
Labor Force
 Labor force—by occupation (USA):
 managerial and professional 29.6%
 technical, sales and administrative support 29.3%
 services 13.6%
 manufacturing, mining, transportation, and crafts
24.8%
 farming, forestry, and fishing 2.7%
 Labor force - by occupation:
 services 74%
 manufacturing 15%
 construction 5%
 agriculture 3%
 other 3%
U.S. Exports & Imports
 Exports—commodities: capital goods, automobiles,
industrial supplies and raw materials, consumer goods,
agricultural products
 Canada 22%, Western Europe 21%, Japan 10%, Mexico
10%
 Imports—commodities: crude oil and refined
petroleum products, machinery, automobiles,
consumer goods, industrial raw materials, food and
beverages
 Canada, 13%, Western Europe 12%, Japan 14%, Mexico
10%, China 37%
Canada Exports & Imports
 Exports - commodities: motor vehicles and parts,
newsprint, wood pulp, timber, crude petroleum,
machinery, natural gas, aluminum,
telecommunications equipment, electricity
 US 86%, Japan 3%, UK, Germany, South Korea,
Netherlands, China
 Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment,
crude oil, chemicals, motor vehicles and parts, durable
consumer goods, electricity
 US 76%, Japan 3%, UK, Germany, France, Mexico,
Taiwan, South Korea
Agricultural Products
 USA Agriculture—products: wheat, other grains,
corn, fruits, vegetables, cotton; beef, pork, poultry,
dairy products; forest products; fish
 Canada Agriculture - products: wheat, barley, oilseed,
tobacco, fruits, vegetables; dairy products; forest
products; fish
Currency
 USA – Dollar
 Canada – Canadian Dollar
Developed or Developing?
 The United States and Canada have the following demographics:
US
Canada
High Per Capita GDP
47,000
39,300
High Life Expectancy
78 years
81 years
Low Population Growth
Rate
.88%
.83%
Low Infant Mortality
6.3/1000
5.0/1000
Literacy Rate
99%
99%
World Financial Markets
 The New York Stock Exchange is the center of the
world financial markets. Other countries have stock
exchanges such as Japan, Germany, and England but
due to the size and power of the U.S. economy the
NYSE affects all of them.
Economic Growth
 The U.S. economy has experienced sustained
economic growth since WWII, but there is a widening
gap between the rich and the poor. Basically, the
richest people are getting richer and the poorest
people are getting poorer.
Multinational Corporations

The U.S. is home to many multinational
corporations:
A. Nike, Adidas
B. Starbucks
C. Wal-Mart
D. McDonald’s, Burger King, KFC
E. Hilton
Watch crazy Wal-mart growth video here. This video
will freak you out!
Years and countries where McDonald’s opened.
Export of U.S. Culture
 U.S. culture has spread around the world via the global
marketplace. McDonald’s is one of the most
recognized franchises in the world. Other examples
are Coca Cola, blue jeans, and music.
Cultural Geography

The area of the U.S. and Canada was colonized by
Europeans.
A. English - Virginia, Massachusetts
B. Dutch - New York
C. Swedish - Delaware
D. French - Canada
E. Spanish - Florida, California, Texas
Colonization
 The English became the dominant power in North
America. They took over Canada at the end of the
French Indian War in 1763. The colonies adopted
democratic forms of government similar to what they
had at home.
 In 1763, most people in Canada were French and
Catholic. When England took over it encouraged
English people to migrate to Canada. The area around
Quebec and Montreal still have a majority French
population but the rest of Canada speaks English.
Religion & Language (USA)
 Language
 English 82.1%, Spanish 10.7%, other Indo-European
3.8%, Asian and Pacific island 2.7%, other 0.7%
 Religion
 Protestant 51.3%, Roman Catholic 23.9%, Mormon 1.7%,
other Christian 1.6%, Jewish 1.7%, Buddhist 0.7%,
Muslim 0.6%, other or unspecified 2.5%, unaffiliated
12.1%, none 4%
Religion & Language (Canada)
 Language
 English (official) 58.8%, French (official) 21.6%, other
19.6%
 Religion
 Roman Catholic 42.6%, Protestant 23.3% (including
United Church 9.5%, Anglican 6.8%, Baptist 2.4%,
Lutheran 2%), other Christian 4.4%, Muslim 1.9%, other
and unspecified 11.8%, none 16%
Government
 Canada and the United States have democratic
forms of government.
 The Canadian system is similar to the English
system.
 After the American Revolution the United States
wrote a constitution and a bill of rights. It divided
government into three branches with an executive
led by an elected president.
Government and the Economy
A.
B.
The U.S. government regulates industries and passes
laws to protect consumers. Over the years the U.S.
government has played a larger role in the economy, but
the economy is still a free market economy that operates
on supply and demand.
The Canadian government plays a larger role in the
economy. Universal healthcare is provided by the
government in Canada.
Government Info.
 USA
 Capital – Washington D.C.
 Political System & Head of Govt. = President –
legislative democracy
 Date of Origin – 1776
 President – Barack Obama
 Canada
 Capital – Ottawa
 Political System & Head of Govt. = Prime Minister –
Parliamentary government
 Date of Origin – 1876
 Prime Minister – Stephen Harper
Terms of Office
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
U.S. President - Can serve two four year terms
Mexican President - One six year term
Canadian Prime Minister - Leader of party with most
seats in House of Commons
British Prime Minister - Same as above
Russian President - Can serve two four year terms
French President - One five year term
Multicultural Societies
 Although Canada and the U.S. were colonized by
Europeans they have become multicultural societies
through immigration.
 They both continue to exhibit growth in all minority
populations within their respective countries.
 Many new immigrants move for better opportunities,
political asylum, or religious freedom.
Melting Pot
Immigration to the U.S.
Year
Top 3 countries of origin
1880
Germany, Ireland, United Kingdom
1930
Italy, Germany, United Kingdom
1960
Italy, Germany, Canada
1980
Mexico, Germany, Canada
1990
Mexico, Philippines, Canada
2000
Mexico, China, Philippines
Population
 The population of Canada is clustered near the St.
Lawrence River Valley in the East and on the Great
Lakes. Most of Canada is sparsely populated due
to the climate.
 The U.S. is densely populated on the East Coast.
The northeast, from New York to Boston, is
growing into a megalopolis, or series of connected
cities.
Population

A.
B.
C.
D.
The population of the United States is
extremely mobile. Nearly 3/4 of the U.S.
population moves an average of once every 5
years.
Shifts in the economy (Rust Belt, Silicon
Valley)
Doubling of the divorce rate in last 30 years
Corporate transfers
Change in status (marriage, graduation,
retirement- Sun Belt)
Population
 Current populations:
 USA - 307,788,153
One birth every 7 seconds
 One death every 13 seconds
 One international migrant (net) every 36 seconds
 Net gain of one person every 11 seconds
 Canada – 33,823,519
 One birth every 1 minute and 27 seconds
 One death every 2 minutes and 13 seconds
 A net migration gain of one person every 2 minutes
and 1 second

USA Population
Other Statistics
 Most Internet Users (per 1,000 people) world ranks
 Canada - # 3 (839)
 USA - # 13 (696)
 Life Expectancy
 Canada - # 7 (81 yrs)
 USA - # 47 (78 yrs)
 Land per person (square miles per 100,000)
 Canada - # 8 (11,600)
 USA - # 63 (1,200)
 Top ice cream consumers (annual pints per capita)
 Canada - # 5 (23)
 USA - # 2 (26)