Transcript Phragmites in translation

THE BEGINNINGS OF WRITING:
HIEROGLYPHICS AND MORE
IN ANCIENT EGYPT
Carved Hieroglyphics
http://www.superstock.com/stock-photos-images/2102-1013
Carved Hieroglyphics
http://pro.corbis.com/images/EG002111.jpg?size=67&uid=%7BAE741224-69F7-43E8-BD2D-82227CFFADEB%7D
Hieroglyphics in Clay
http://www.highland-terrace.org/wiki/images/thumb/f/fb/Egyptian_funerary_stela.jpg/250px-Egyptian_funerary_stela.jpg
Made from
stems of
Phragmites
aegyptiaca2
Used
between
300 B.C. to
30 B.C.2
The stem
was cut
into a point
at the end2
Split at the
end like
quills2
Papyrus
http://www.makingbooks.com/images/kids/papyrus.jpg
Papyrus Reed
Source of
http://egyptian-paper.com/index.php?main_page=about_us
Started as
engravings
on slates of
stone or clay
tablets2
Writing became
simpler with
reed pens from
Phragmites and
paper from
Papyrus 6
Hieroglyphics
were no longer
limited to stone
tablets or walls6
Transformed
from pictures to
symbols
becoming less
detailed and
faster to write49
Examples of Hieroglyphics
http://travel.webshots.com/photo/1333957741068865191xaqtCH
Egyptian Hieroglyphics
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Abu_Simbel,_Ramesses_Temple,_chamber_decoration,_Egypt,_Oct_2004.jpg
Egyptian Hieroglyphics
http://wwwdelivery.superstock.com/WI/223/2965/PreviewComp/SuperStock_2965-388043.jpg
Rosetta stone
http://servirtis.obspm.fr/virtis/rosetta_stone.html
http://library.thinkquest.org/10005/library/egypt_lang.html
Rosetta stone
Demotic
Greek
Hieroglyphics
Cartouche
 Twtnkhamn
 Ramses
http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/TwtnkhamnCartouche.jpg
I
http://picasaweb.google.com/rajiv.v/EgyptDec2007#5152394756236923890
Hieratic Glyphs and the
Hieroglyphs they Evolved from
http://www.takenote.it/index.php?page=lesson-22
Three Egyptian Scripts
http://www.civilization.ca/cmc/exhibitions/civil/egypt/images/writ05e.gif
Three Egyptian Scripts
http://www.stempublishing.com/dictionary/240.png
Uses of Hieroglyphics
http://www.flickr.com/photos/oceanviewganga/299964719
Uses of Hieratic / Demotic Scripts
•Allowed Pharaohs to
communicate over distance
and time9
•Enabled the Pharaoh to rule
the Empire regarding9
•Wars
•Laws
•Trade
•Conquests
•Territories
•Government
•Taxes29
Changes in Modern Scripts
http://www.learnnc.org/lp/media/collections/nc/Declaration_Engrav.jpg
Changes in Modern Scripts
http://www.learnnc.org/lp/media/collections/nc/Declaration_Engrav.jpg
Changes in Modern Scripts
http://www.umanitoba.ca/libraries/units/health/resources/salerno.html
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
http://www.rom.on.ca/schools/egypt/learn/writing.php
http://www.touregypt.net/historicalessays/lifeinEgypt6.htm
http://www.touregypt.net/historicalessays/discwriting.htm
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/decipherme
nt_01.shtml
http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/papyrus.htm
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761573079/Hieroglyphs
.html
http://site.www.umb.edu/conne/leslie/historypage.htm
http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1P3-1378824771.html
http://ca.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_461511156_3/Ancie
nt_Egypt.html
Pictures:
http://www.lib.umich.edu/pap/exhibits/education/schoolhous
e.html