Transcript Photo Album - Tennessee Association of Utility Districts

Water Conservation
Planning
June 3, 2008
Lee Keck
Division of Water Supply
Why discuss Water
Conservation?
• Conservation appears inevitable
• Informed and knowlegable of the subject
• Framework for discussion, consensus and action
Objectives of this presentation
•
Why do we need a Water Conservation
Plan?
•
What is Water Conservation?
•
Do all plans look the same?
•
How is a plan developed?
Basis for Needing a Water
Conservation Plan
Tennessee Safe Drinking Water
Act
68-221-702. Declaration of policy and purpose. —
Recognizing that the waters of the state are the
property of the state and are held in public trust for
the benefit of its citizens, it is declared that the
people of the state are beneficiaries of this trust
and have a right to both an adequate quantity and
quality of drinking water.
Inter-basin Water Transfer Act
T.C.A. 69-7-201 et Seq.
Requires that the transfer of water
from one basin to another be
permitted
Water Resources Information Act
of 2002
T.C.A. 69-8-301 et seq.
Requires the
Registration of Water Withdrawals
Other mandates related to
conservation and water supply:
• Soda-Straw Amendment (heavy pumping that
interferes)
• ARAP (Aquatic Resource Alteration Permit)
• Source Adequacy Requirement (Design
Criteria)
• NPDES (Waste Assimilation)
SDWA Rules Related to Water
Supply and Conservation
1200-5-1-.05(9) – Where feasible require PWSs to interconnect
1200-5-1-.05(10) – Water Systems must plan for expansion when
they reach 80% of design capacity
1200-5-1-.17(7) – CWSs must have an EOP (Emergency
Operations Plan) – Many CWSs had Drought
Management Plans. Some were reluctant to
implement them.
1200-5-1-.17(9) - Minimum positive pressure of 20 psi
throughout distribution system
1200-5-1-.17(14) – 24 hours of distribution storage based on
average daily demand (or meet other requirements)
1200-5-1-.17(37) – Demonstrate viability (CD Rule)
Legislative Mandates
focusing on
drought management,
water conservation and
regional water development
include:
HB 2669
SB 3613
HB 4209
Drought Management Planning, Water Conservation and
Regional Water Development are inter-related.
Each plan depends on the other, or is a contingency of
another.
What is Water Conservation?
Water conservation is an attempt to reduce
the amount of water lost, wasted or used (not
just during an emergency or water shortage
caused by drought but at all times) moving
forward. The goal is to allow water purveyors
and users to make the most efficient use of a
seemingly diminishing and valuable resource.
Issues To be Addressed
The benefits of Water Conservation may
have unintended consequences.
Benefits depend on the source and the
receiving source.
• Unused treatment plant capacity could require
higher rates. Water Systems need to sell
water (up to their capacity). It pays the bills.
• Water Quality problems may result from lower
demand, storage tank turnover, etc. requiring
increased flushing
Issues To be Addressed
Cont.
The Benefits of Water Conservation vary:
• A greater beneficial impact on aquifers (such as the
sands in West Tennessee) than on stream sources
where water is returned to the source.
• Conservation benefits are greater when derived from
lawn irrigation, agricultural irrigation, sod and
nursery production and recreational uses (these
include irrigation of golf course fairways, greens
and athletic fields).
• Conservation can also conserve energy as well as reduce
water treatment costs (plant size and chemical
use)
Conservation must address
Local conditions. Every community has
unique water, economic, and social needs.
These include:
• Industrial needs
• Recreational opportunities and needs
• Population and groups served
• Critical Uses – hospitals, elderly, etc.
Specific Needs and Concerns
• Livestock (Non-potable uses, sometimes
resulting in additional demands on Public
Water Suppliers)
• Nursery Industry, Landscaping (Also non-potable)
• Golf Courses, (Greens and Fairways) Athletic
Fields, Institutional Landscaping
• Water quality issues – temperature, disinfection
byproducts, etc.
• Conflicts between uses (livestock, recreation,
drinking water, etc.)
• Cross-connections
• Concern for aquatic life
9 Steps in Developing a Water
Conservation Plan
Step 1
Develop a Water System Profile.
Consider:
sources
customer groups
seasonal uses
hydraulic limitations
critical water needs
water loss
area growth
9 Steps in Developing a Water
Conservation Plan
Step 2
Prepare a Demand Forecast.
Consider:
Population projections
Non-residential demand (industries,
commercial, etc.)
Un-accounted for water (without
conservation)
9 Steps in Developing a Water
Conservation Plan
Step 3
Describe Planned Facilities.
Project the facilities the system would
need to construct in order to meet future
demands.
Water Treatment
Transmission Lines
Water Storage
Sources
9 Steps in Developing a Water
Conservation Plan
Step 4
Identify Water Conservation Goals.
Goals of communities will not be the same.
Expectations differ with regard to per capita
water use, landscaping, initial costs associated
with conservation, level of efficiency, etc.
9 Steps in Developing a Water
Conservation Plan
Step 5
Identify Water Conservation Measures.
Meter replacement
Separation of irrigation systems
Service connection metering
Automated sensors/telemetry
Rebates
Landscape efficiency programs
Pricing schedules
9 Steps in Developing a Water
Conservation Plan
Step 6
Analyze Benefits and Costs.
Marketing, public information and
technical assistance
Program Administrative costs
Additional infrastructure costs
Post-phoned infrastructure costs
Rebate programs (replacement of
fixtures, etc.)
9 Steps in Developing a Water
Conservation Plan
Step 7
Select Conservation Measures.
Factors influencing selection will include:
Overall program costs
Rate structures that favor use of
recycled water for some uses
Staff requirements and other resources
Regulatory issues and legal constraints
(e.g. cross connection potential)
Environmental Impacts
9 Steps in Developing a Water
Conservation Plan
Step 8
Integrate Resources and Modify
Forecasts.
Once water conservation measures have been
evaluated and selected, the supply and
demand forecasts should be revised.
9 Steps in Developing a Water
Conservation Plan
Step 9
Implementation and Evaluation
Strategy. The final step in a plan is to
determine what actions and resources are need
to implement the plan.
Staff required
Ordinances (new and/or changed)
Training of staff
Public Information, Technical Assistance
Monitoring, Evaluation and Updating
Timeframes for implementation
Currently Missing?
•
•
•
•
State Mandates
Rules
Policy and Guidance
Evaluative Tools
Questions?
Comments?
Omissions?
Lee Keck
Environmental Manager 2
Division of Water Supply
E-mail Address:
[email protected]