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The Problem: An Introduction to
Preservation, Trust and
Continuing Access for
e-Journals
Neil Beagrie
Charles Beagrie Ltd
With thanks to Randy Kiefer (CLOCKSS) and Kate Wittenberg (Portico)
APE Conference Berlin
29 January 2014
Introduction
e- journals
• Most commonly cited reasons for moving
to e- only:
– Patron demand - convenience (24/ 7 access);
– potential library space savings;
– Improved access to a greater number of titles;
– High cost of maintaining dual formats;
– Increasing needs and expectations of users:
online becoming preferred option;
– Definitive versions are now the online
renditions.
e- journals
• However:
– Different business model (licensing access)
– Issues for preservation:
• Usability of digital content is technology
dependent
• Inherent fragility due to the pace of technological
change
• Multitude of electronic formats
– Concerns over continuing (perpetual) access
and long-term preservation
Some Definitions
Continuing (or Perpetual) Access
• is most commonly associated with e-journal licence
clauses designed to provide assurance of continued
access to subscribed material in certain circumstances,
including post-cancellation…
Long-term preservation
• refers to the processes and procedures required to
ensure content remains accessible well into the future…
In other words, continuing or perpetual access is an attempt to replicate the situation
with paper journals for libraries…
Long term preservation, on the other hand, can be viewed as an issue, not just for the
subscribing library, but for society as a whole, ensuring that the scholarly record
continues to be accessible to future generations.
(after Morrow et al 2008)
Not Preservation:
Commercial Hosting
•
•
•
•
Includes aggregation databases
Includes journal hosting platforms
Includes distribution platforms (ebooks)
Not preservation, not a trusted archive
Not Preservation:
Aggregators
• Some examples
– Gale
– EBSCOhost
– ProQuest
• Current subscriber only – not continuing access
Not Preservation:
Journal Hosting Platform
• Commercial arrangement where
publisher’s journals are hosted for access
by subscribers
• If publisher does not pay due to closure,
then the site and access is removed
• Atypon, Ingenta, HighWire, Silverchair,
Metapress, Torrossa, and others
Service definitions and
relationships
Service Solutions
• Keepers of the content in case of
– Publisher failure and no pick up of their assets
– Discontinuation of a journal and publisher
removes access
– Disaster disrupts publisher’s availability for
extended period of time
Service Solutions
Addressing digital preservation:
• CLOCKSS
• National legal deposit and copyright libraries
• KB e-depot
Addressing continuing access and digital
preservation :
• [Publisher platforms]
• Portico
• LOCKSS
Addressing archiving knowledge base:
• Keepers Registry
Their Value to Publishers
• Market demand by libraries that want to be
assured there is an independent thirdparty preservation of electronic content.
• Transition from physical content on
shelves to “access” to electronic content.
• Publishers want to be good stewards of
their content.
Library Concerns?
• Content coverage (is content I’m
interested in included?)
• Access (what will I gain access to?
when? under what conditions?)
• Solution viability (will these efforts last?)
• Library responsibilities (what will this cost
in terms of time, expertise, funding?)
• Technical approach (will this really
preserve the material?)
Current State
DPC Tech Watch Report
http://dx.doi.org/10.7207/twr13-04
Issues
• Large gaps in breadth of coverage of archived
journal titles (depth ie volumes not known);
• Practical implementation issues for the service
providers/solutions e.g. Transfer Code
notifications;
• Importance and implications of the shifts towards
(a)open access and (b) to more dynamic and
interdependent web resources;
• Trust - archive repositories are one key element.
Other initiatives, such as the Transfer Code, the
Keepers Registry, and model licence clauses and
enactment mechanisms are also critical.
Recommendations:
for publishers
• Cooperate with one or more external e-journal archiving
solutions;
• Develop and publicize your policies on perpetual access
and long-term preservation;
• Post-cancellation access conditions should be defined in
licensing agreements between libraries and publishers;
• When titles are sold on to other publishers, the Transfer
Code of Practice should be followed;
• If you are an open-access publisher, use the CC-BY
licence. Simple and consistent licensing substantially
reduces the cost of preservation of open-access content.
Questions (?)