Transcript LonghillLiteracy: Communicate Like An Expert

Longhill Literacy: Communicate Like An Expert
Their
They’re
Was
bags
were in the
canteen.
going
home.
He
nervous.
There
Common
Errors
His bag is
over
Capital Letters
•
Do not use capital letters for no reason.
• ‘I’ is a capital letter when used as a personal
pronoun eg) I am happy.
• Sentences begin with a capital letter.
• Speaking begins with a capital letter.
• Proper nouns have capital letters e.g.
Brighton, Elizabeth, Mr. Smith.
Can I spell accurately?
Think about how it looks. Does it look right?
Sound out the word. Eg. Feb-ru-ar-y
Bus-i-ness
Is there a rule:
• Mnemonics (Rhythm Helps Your Two Hips Move)
• Phrases (there is ‘a rat’ in separate)
• Analogy (‘ice’ is a noun, so is ‘practice’; ‘ise’ is not
a noun, neither is ‘practise’ – it’s a verb)
Look it up in a dictionary/spellchecker.
Ask a friend or teacher.
To learn it: look, cover, write, check.
`
coat is
dirty.
You’re
Two
To
going The
girls I am going
to be late.
laughed.
the park.
Apostrophe for missing letters
Eg. Do not > Don’t
The ‘o’ is missing from not.
Apostrophe for possession
Apostrophes are used to show when something
belongs to someone or something.
‘s is added to the end of the name of the person it
belongs to.
E.g. If a bag belongs to Joe then we say it is Joe’s
bag.
If the word already ends in ‘s’ then we add the
apostrophe after the ‘s’.
Eg. the coats belong to the boys > the boys’ coats.
NOTE – DON’T USE APOSTROPHES FOR
PLURALS
His shoes NOT His shoe’s
• Abbreviations have capital letters.
• The names of languages (Spanish) start with a
capital letter
They
pleased.
Your
Note also its, which shows that something
owns something (like our, his, etc.) does not
take an apostrophe: the dog ate its bone and we
ate our dinner.
Literacy Marking
Comma
,
Exclamation
mark
!
Question mark
?
indicates a slight pause in a
sentence, separates clauses in a
complex sentence and items in a
list
goes at the end of a of a dramatic
sentence to show surprise or
shock
goes at the end of a question
Apostrophe
Speech marks
Colon
Semi-colon
Capital letter needed or misused
3
Check spelling and make correction
Dash/hyphen
4
Full stop, comma etc. needed or
misused
Brackets
Check paragraphing
meeting at
the busstop.
.
2
6
are
you going ?
indicates that a sentence has
finished
Full stop
Mistake to correct
Check if wrong homophone used
I am
busy.
We’re
Where
Perfectly punctuated sentences allow the reader to
understand your ideas. A range of punctuation must be
used accurately to structure sentences and texts, vary
pace, clarify meaning and create deliberate effects
Number
5
Too
Perfect Punctuation
The Apostrophe
• Days of the week (Tuesday) and months of the
year (July) have capital letters.
• Titles have capital letters.
Were
Ellipsis
‘
‘‘ ’’
shows that letter(s) have been left
out or indicates possession
NEVER USED TO DENOTE
PLURALS
indicates direct speech, the exact
words spoken or being quoted
:
introduces a list, a statement or a
quote in a sentence
;
separates two sentences that are
related and of equal importance
…
()
to show a passage of time, to hook
the reader in and create suspense
separates extra information from
the main clause
can be used like dashes, they
separate off extra information from
the main clause
Longhill Literacy: Communicate Like An Expert
READING
Reading – what can I do to
help understand the text?
Skimming: You read quickly through the
sentences getting a gist of the text. Look for
clues – the first sentence of each paragraph (the
‘topic sentence’).
Scanning: You use this to retrieve particular
pieces of information. Identify and then search
though the text for specific words. Remember
key points in a text are likely to be in the first and
last paragraphs
Other strategies:
 Predicting: Make informed guesses about the
text.
Questioning: Ask questions about what you’ve
read.
Reading backwards: Read backwards to focus
on each word.
Inferring: Read between the lines to find the
meaning.
Internet Checklist
If you are reading information from a website, use
the following checks to judge the reliability of the
information:
• Where – did the author get the information from?
• When – was the information created or updated
(is it recent?)
• Who is the author? Do they list their occupation,
experience, education or other credentials?
• Who is the audience for the author? Are they
writing to inform, persuade, explain?
• What information is provided? How does it
compare with what you know already? How does
it change what you know? How true do you think
the information is?
`
Speaking and Listening
How good are my listening
skills?
Can I agree with others?
Don’t fiddle or create distractions
Use these sentence starters when you want to
agree with a point that has been made:
I agree and…
Yes. That’s what I think too. I ….
I would like to build on Rosie’s point…
Good point Jake. I also think…
My view is the same…
In addition I think…
Think of questions you may want to ask.
Can I disagree with others?
Listen out for key words
Watch the speaker to understand their body
language
Focus on the speaker’s voice
Take your turn and don’t interrupt others.
How good are my speaking
skills?
Use standard English unless in character
Use a clear an confident voice
Speak slightly slower than normal
Project your voice
Keep anything you are reading in front of you but
do not block your mouth – people lip read to help
them understand!
Use eye contact with your audience
Use gesture and movement
Keep your shoulders down low
Use these sentence starters when you want to
disagree with a point that has been made:
I accept your point however…
I know why you think that but…
I’m not sure I can agree with that because…
I respect your opinion but I think…
I understand what you are saying but have you
considered…
In contrast to Ben’s point I think…
Can I adapt my style of speech for
different purposes?
To persuade: You want your audience to come
round to your way of thinking.
To argue: to present your ideas in contrast to
others’ ideas.
To inform: To give your audience facts,
understanding and your opinion.
To advise: To help your audience with an issue.
To converse: To have a conversation with
another.
To act: To present a character and stay in role.