RDA for the Non-Cataloger: With an Emphasis on Government Information

Lori Robare University of Oregon Libraries October 14, 2013

RDA :

Resource Description and Access

• • • RDA has been developed as a replacement for AACR2

– By the Joint Steering Committee (JSC) • International effort: U.S., U.K., Canada, Australia, Germany

Published in June 2010 Testing by U.S. libraries July 2010-March 2011

DIGOR, October 2013

Gradual implementation

• • Library of Congress completed its implementation in March 2013 Many libraries are beginning to catalog in RDA • • When to implement is a local decision RDA records are compatible with AACR2 records – Most libraries will not re-catalog DIGOR, October 2013

GPO’s implementation

• • Effective April 1, 2013, all of GPO’s original cataloging is done according to RDA GPO will use AACR2 records in copy cataloging • Webinar recording available: – An overview of RDA and its implementation at GPO http://www.fdlp.gov/component/content/article/16-cataloging/1457 rda-standard-implemented-gpo-4-1-13 DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

RDA

• Fundamental re-thinking of cataloging theory and practice – Yet designed to be compatible with existing records • Based on internationally established principles, models and standards • Designed with the user in mind, using terminology that makes sense • A more consistent and flexible framework for describing all types of resources DIGOR, October 2013

RDA ...

• defines individual data elements, many with controlled vocabulary lists • can be used with MARC, but is structured to work with new data formats • clearly indicates the nature of relationships – e.g., between works and their creators • will support the integration of library catalog data into the broader environment DIGOR, October 2013

Things that are changing with RDA

• Changes in what you’ll see in catalog records • Conceptual changes in how we think about cataloging and do cataloging • Structural changes that will affect the role of library data in the web environment DIGOR, October 2013

Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR)

 User tasks • Find • • • Identify Select Obtain  • • • Entity-relationship model Entities: Group 1, 2, 3 Relationships Attributes DIGOR, October 2013

FRBR entities: Group 1

• (products of intellectual or artistic endeavor) = the things we collect – Work – Expression – Manifestation – Item DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

Work

Slide from William Denton and Jodi Schneider

Text in French

Expressions

Les Trois Mousquetaires Spoken word Translation into English 14

Slide adapted from Denton and Schneider

DIGOR, October 2013

books CDs Videocassettes DVDs

Manifestations

DIGOR, October 2013

Slide from William Denton and Jodi Schneider

Viking, 2006 manifestation: 2 items at UO

Items

Trident, 1999 manifestation: 1 item at UO Copy 1 Copy 2 DIGOR, October 2013

Barbara Tillett: Family of Works

Equivalent

Microform Reproduction Copy Simultaneous “Publication” Edition

Derivative

Abridged Edition Revision Illustrated Edition Free Translation Summary Abstract Digest Dramatization Novelization Screenplay Libretto Change of Genre

Descriptive

Review Casebook Criticism Evaluation Exact Reproduction Facsimile Reprint Translation Variations or Versions Expurgated Edition Arrangement Slight Modification Parody Imitation Annotated Edition Same Style or Thematic Content Commentary Adaptation Original Work Same Expression Same Work – New Expression

Cataloging Rules Cut Off Point

New Work DIGOR, October 2013

FRBR entities: Group 2

• those responsible for the intellectual and artistic content* – Person – Corporate body – Family DIGOR, October 2013

Work Expression Manifestation Item is owned by is produced by is realized by is created by

Slide from Barbara Tillett

Group 2

DIGOR, October 2013

Person Family Corporate Body

many

ER Database

Work: Gone with the wind (1938 film) Person: Mitchell, Margaret, 1900-1949 Expression: English abridged text created by derived from Work: Gone

with the wind

has a subject Person: O’Hara, Scarlett Place: Georgia realized through Expression: English text Expression: English spoken word Expression: Chinese text Expression: Danish text Expression: Hungarian text DIGOR, October 2013

Slide from Robert Maxwell

Person: Stephens, Linda performed by Manifestation Format: audiocassette Publisher: Recorded Books, ℗2001

ER Database

Work: Gone

with the wind

Expression: English spoken word realized through embodied in Manifestation Format: compact disc Publisher: Recorded Books, ℗2001 DIGOR, October 2013 Manifestation Format: Playaway Publisher: Playaway, ©2009

Slide from Robert Maxwell

RDA outline: Attributes (sect. 1-4)

• Recording attributes of: – manifestation and item – work and expression

(chapters 1-4) (chapters 5-7)

– person, family, and corporate body (chapters 8-11) – concept, object, event,* place

(chapters 12-16)

DIGOR, October 2013

Changes in terminology

• Author  Creator • Heading  • Uniform title  Preferred title • Main entry  Authorized access point [it’s complicated] DIGOR, October 2013

Changes in catalog records

• “Take what you see” in fields that we transcribe: – Title, statement of responsibility, edition, etc.

– Much less adjusting, abbreviating, omitting, bracketing – No longer using [sic] for errors DIGOR, October 2013

AACR2:

Title: Edition: Alt title:

Bizzare [sic] tales 3rd rev. ed.

Bizarre tales RDA:

Title: Edition: Alt title:

Bizzare tales Third revised edition Corrected title: Bizarre tales

(optional)

DIGOR, October 2013

Capitalization MAY differ

• May match what is on the item

AACR2:

Title:

Baltic journal of art history

RDA:

Title:

Baltic journal of art history

OR

Baltic journal of ART HISTORY DIGOR, October 2013

No more [et al.]

• No limit on the number of people recorded in a single statement of responsibility AACR2: America’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger ... [et al.].

RDA:

America’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger , Martin Shapiro, Fred I. Greenstein, Steven J. Rosenstone.

Alternative: America’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger [and three others] .

DIGOR, October 2013

How does this affect “main entry”?

• No more “rule of three” – More than three creators?

Wolfinger, Raymond E.

** required

America’s radical right / Raymond Wolfinger, Martin Shapiro, Fred I. Greenstein, Steven J. Rosenstone.

Access points:

Shapiro, Martin.

Greenstein, Fred I.

Rosenstone, Steven J.

Allowed, but not required DIGOR, October 2013

Changes in headings/access points: personal names

• Abbreviations spelled out: Lee, John, 18th cent .  Lee, John, 18th century King, Mike, 1946 Oct.

10  Tate, Ellen, fl . 1893-1940  King, Mike, 1946 October 10 Smith, Jane, ca.

1820-1865  Smith, Jane , approximately 1820-1865 Tate, Ellen, active 1893-1940 • Terms indicating relationships are part of the name: Williams, Hank, 1949  Williams, Hank, Jr., 1949 DIGOR, October 2013

Corporate names & titles

• “Department” spelled out, if it is used that way Ohio. Dept . of Commerce  Ohio. Department of Commerce • Parts of the Bible Bible. O.T.  Bible. O.T. Genesis  Bible. Old Testament Bible. Genesis • Other sacred scriptures Koran  Qur’an DIGOR, October 2013

Changes to authority file

• Machine conversion of about 400,000 authority records in March 2013 – Spelling out abbreviations: • Dept.  Department – Changing Koran to Qur’an – Spell out or remove O.T. and N.T

• These changes happened in the WorldCat authority file – Some bibliographic records in WorldCat were linked and changed DIGOR, October 2013

Updating “Dept.” access points in bibliographic records

• This is a huge endeavor • A great deal of progress has been made in the WorldCat database • Local catalogs will vary – If you rely on browsing for author names including the word “Dept.”/”Department”, talk to your catalogers – find out what they are doing DIGOR, October 2013

Washington State University’s catalog DIGOR, October 2013

Washington State University’s catalog DIGOR, October 2013

Searching in WorldCat Local: washington state department DIGOR, October 2013

Searching in WorldCat Local: washington state dept DIGOR, October 2013

Latin terms replaced

• AACR2, when you could not even guess place of publication or name of publisher: [S. l.] : [s.n.] • RDA: [Place of publication not identified] : [publisher not identified] …but actually we will most often give a probable

place, even just: [United States?]

DIGOR, October 2013

Publication & copyright dates

• AACR2: – If date of publication is unknown, the copyright date is given in its place – Copyright date not usually in the record otherwise • RDA: – copyright date is a separate element and is often included in records, even if the same as publication date DIGOR, October 2013

AACR2:

[S.l.] : Harvest House Pub., c2010.

RDA: [United States] : Harvest House Publishers, [2010].

In addition, you may see in a separate field: ©2010

OR

copyright 2010 DIGOR, October 2013

More discrete statements about publication (distribution, etc.)

• AACR2 and the MARC 260 field combine information about publication, distribution, manufacture, and copyright in one text string • RDA defines separate elements for these – And the new MARC 264 field allows separate statements in a MARC record DIGOR, October 2013

New MARC coding for publication information: 264

Provides separate statements for information about publication, distribution, manufacture, and copyright 264 _1 [United States] : $b Harvest House Publishers, $c [2010] 264 _4 $c ©2010 DIGOR, October 2013

2

nd

indicator describes the function

264 Second indicator: 0 Production 1 Publication 2 Distribution 3 Manufacture 4 Copyright notice date • GPO practice: record a distribution statement that appears on the item being cataloged, in addition to the publication statement DIGOR, October 2013

Catalog display making use of separate statements (Stanford University Libraries) DIGOR, October 2013

UO’s local catalog: new labels for different functions not yet implemented DIGOR, October 2013

Less abbreviating, more words Physical description (300 field)

AACR2: 86, [21] p. : ill., 1 folded map ; 24 cm.

RDA: 86 pages , 21 unnumbered pages : folded map ; 24 cm illustrations , 1 DIGOR, October 2013

Some abbreviations endure

• RDA still uses abbreviations for dimensions and for duration: 1 DVD video (90 min.

) : digital, sound, color ; 4 ¾ in.

DIGOR, October 2013

Another terminology change

• For a CD AACR2: 1 sound disc RDA: 1 audio disc

Option: use a term such as “CD” or “compact disc”:

1 CD 1 compact disc DIGOR, October 2013

No more [General material designation]

• GMD is the bracketed information in the title that conveys the type of material [electronic resource] [sound recording] [videorecording] • Replaced by three new elements: – Content type (text, performed music, spoken word, etc.) – Media type (audio, microform, video, etc.) – Carrier type (audio disc, online resource, videodisc, etc) DIGOR, October 2013

MARC fields replacing the GMD

• • • 336 Content type 337 Media type 338 Carrier type • • These collectively replace the [GMD] Questions about catalog display – – Icons? Text? DIGOR, October 2013

AACR2 : e-book Game of thrones and philosophy [electronic resource] : logic cuts deeper than swords / edited by Henry Jacoby. RDA : e-book Game of thrones and philosophy : logic cuts deeper than swords / edited by Henry Jacoby. 336 $a text $2 rdacontent 337 $a computer $2 rdamedia 338 $a online resource $2 rdacarrier Replace GMD DIGOR, October 2013

Examples: cartographic

Printed map

cartographic image unmediated sheet

Online map

cartographic image computer online resource DIGOR, October 2013

Examples: moving images

DVD

two-dimensional moving image video videodisc

Streaming video

two-dimensional moving image computer online resource DIGOR, October 2013

Examples: music

CD

performed music audio audio disc

Score

notated music unmediated volume DIGOR, October 2013

If displayed in a catalog record…

• Might display with the “Description” field (300): Title: RED DIAPER BABY Description: 1 DVD video (90 min.) : digital, sound, color ; 4 ¾ in.

two-dimensional moving image video videodisc DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013 BYU’s catalog

BYU’s catalog: online government publication DIGOR, October 2013

BYU’s catalog: printed map DIGOR, October 2013

To find RDA records in BYU’s catalog: catalog.lib.byu.edu

Do a “search all” keyword using “rda{040}” Puyallup, Sept. 2013

catalog.lib.byu.edu

“search all” keyword using “rda{040} and oregon” Puyallup, Sept. 2013

33X fields are repeatable

• Many resources have more than one content, media, and carrier type • The fields may be repeated – $3 may be used to identify parts of the resource

OR

• Multiple terms may be given within one field – 336 $a text $a still image Puyallup, Sept. 2013

Book + DVD

Puyallup, Sept. 2013

Spoken word CDs + booklet

Puyallup, Sept. 2013

Challenges with loss of GMD

• • • Some libraries rely on the GMD to alert patrons and staff to format of material Large print – New MARC subfield, recently implemented: • 340 Physical medium $n Font size • Example: 340 $n Large print Some will continue to add GMD locally – map terms from new fields?

– possibilities with MarcEdit?

DIGOR, October 2013

RDA Carrier Type displayed in search results (BYU) DIGOR, October 2013

Discovery layer: RDA record for a DVD in WorldCat Local DIGOR, October 2013

Is it an RDA record?

DIGOR, October 2013

How to identify an RDA record

DIGOR, October 2013

OCLC and “RDA-ifying” WorldCat

• OCLC has begun changing some AACR2 (and earlier) records in WorldCat to incorporate useful RDA practices • Consistency should help new catalogers, systems staff, patrons – And make the transition to a post-MARC world easier Puyallup, Sept. 2013

Changes include:

• • • • Adding 336, 337, 338 fields Spelling out abbreviations in some fields Converting Latin abbreviations to English equivalents in some fields Heading changes according to RDA Puyallup, Sept. 2013

AACR2 record with RDA fields added by OCLC DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

Acquisitions, Copy cataloging, ILL

• • • • Recognizing RDA records in Connexion/staff view – 040 $e rda & Desc “i” Identifying a matching record: what looks different?

Copy catalogers: what should be edited – anything?

Retain data (don’t delete!) – even if it isn’t used by ILS now DIGOR, October 2013

ILS changes

• • Ensure that your ILS can load new MARC fields Make decisions about display and indexing – If the GMD is important to your users, can you make changes that will provide the information?

• Talk to your vendor: what is being done to support use of RDA fields?

DIGOR, October 2013

Identifying people

• … & corporate bodies, & families • and naming relationships DIGOR, October 2013

Open Clip Art Library: russel

RDA authority record for a person: Labeled / Public display in LC’s catalog (authorities.loc.gov) DIGOR, October 2013

RDA MARC authority record for a person – with new fields Ending date Affiliation DIGOR, October 2013 Beginning date

Government agency in Hawaii Field of activity DIGOR, October 2013

Relationships in RDA

• • Naming relationships between: – a person (or corporate body, family) and a resource • Jane Doe is the

choreographer

of this dance – between resources • ABC is a

parody

of XYZ – between people, corporate bodies, etc.

• Samuel Clemens is the

real identity

of Mark Twain …in a very structured way, that computers can understand

Thanks to Dianne Hillmann

DIGOR, October 2013

In a catalog record…

• Author access points MAY be followed by terms describing the role of the person or organization: – e.g., author, editor, composer, filmmaker, performer, production company, issuing body, sponsoring body DIGOR, October 2013

Terms that identify roles MAY follow author access points DIGOR, October 2013

Examples for corporate bo dies

DIGOR, October 2013

In a catalog record…

• Access points for related works MAY have introductory terms specifying the nature of the relationship – e.g., based on …, abridgement of … , parody of …, remake of … , prequel to …, revision of … DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

Authority record relationships: Labeled / Public display in LC’s catalog DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013 Slide from Adam Schiff

Puyallup, Sept. 2013

Puyallup, Sept. 2013

Other relationship terms

• Just a few of the many available terms: – Adaptation of (work) – Commentary on (expression) – Issued with – Parody of (work) – Remake of (work) – Screenplay for (expression) – Translation of Puyallup, Sept. 2013

Benefits

• Greatly enhanced ability to provide structured information about: – People, corporate bodies, and families important to our local institutions and communities – Roles that they perform in relation to the resources in our collections – Relationships among resources • We have always tried to do this, but were limited to textual note fields DIGOR, October 2013

Looking ahead: the potential

• RDA data elements and vocabularies have been

registered

– Formally defined in an open metadata registry – Each term has a unique URI • Machines can use and interpret catalog information in a new way • Opens up our world to others who want to organize and structure information – or use our data DIGOR, October 2013

Thanks to Diane Hillmann

http://metadataregistry.org/ DIGOR, October 2013

RDA Relationships for Persons, Corporate Bodies, Families Real identity DIGOR, October 2013

Detail: Real identity URI DIGOR, October 2013

A computer can “understand”:

• Mark Twain – (link to name authority record) viaf.org/viaf/50566653 • Has real identity – (link to “Real identity” role in the registry): metadataregistry.org/uri/schema/RDARelationshipsGR2/realIdentity (RDF) • Samuel Clemens – (link to name authority record) http://viaf.org/viaf/53367783 DIGOR, October 2013

Part of Mark Twain’s authority record DIGOR, October 2013

…which is linked to the Virtual International Authority File DIGOR, October 2013

Which is referenced in the Wikipedia entry for Mark Twain DIGOR, October 2013

MARC is changing…

• • New fields More discrete data elements – Text that has been impossible to process and manipulate  much improved • But is it changing enough?

DIGOR, October 2013

www.loc.gov/marc/transition DIGOR, October 2013

LC’s Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative

• • Collaborative process Focus: translate the MARC 21 format to a linked data model – While retaining as much as possible the robust and beneficial aspects of MARC • LC contracted with Zepheira to: – Provide model(s) as starting point for discussion – Provide analysis of related initiatives underway DIGOR, October 2013

DIGOR, October 2013

Closing thoughts…

•

Be nice to your catalogers

•

They have a lot to deal with right now

Open Clip Art Library: secretlondon

DIGOR, October 2013

Catalogers:

• Be patient with yourself and others as we’re ALL learning • Take advantage of free training resources DIGOR, October 2013

Help from LC and others: freely available here!

http://www.loc.gov/catworkshop/ DIGOR, October 2013

Help from: ALCTS – webinars are free after six months!

FRBR as a Foundation for RDA – Robert Maxwell Changes from AACR2 to RDA: a Comparison of Examples – Adam Schiff DIGOR, October 2013

“Elevator speech”

• RDA aims to provide catalog data that will help libraries define our presence on the Web – With well-defined and structured data elements – Clearly indicating relationships among works and the people responsible for them – Clearer language for our patrons – Easier for computers to manipulate DIGOR, October 2013

Thank you!

• And thanks to: – William Denton – Jodi Schneider – Diane Hillmann – Robert Maxwell – Adam Schiff – Barbara Tillett …for the use of some slides DIGOR, October 2013

• • • • • Cataloger’s Learning Workshop: www.loc.gov/catworkshop/ ALCTS webinar archive: www.ala.org/alcts/confevents/past/webinar Adam Schiff’s RDA presentations: http://faculty.washington.edu/aschiff/ Metadata Registry http://metadataregistry.org/ Bibliographic Framework Transition Initiative http://www.loc.gov/marc/transition/ DIGOR, October 2013

Questions?