Transcript International Comparisons

World Bank View
Albania Road Safety Seminar
Tirana, February 17, 2003
World Bank and Road Safety
______________________________________
“Road Safety is an issue of immense human
proportions, it’s an issue of economic proportions,
it’s an issue of social proportions and it’s also an
issue of equity. Road safety very much affects poor
people”
James D. Wolfensohn
President, World Bank Group
Road Safety is a serious public health issue….
____________________________________________
• About 800,000 people die on the world’s roads
each year
• A further 24 million are injured
• The economic cost is about 1% of GDP in low
income countries, 1.5% in transition
economies
• It is the 9th leading cause of death today
• WHO estimates it will be the 3rd leading cause
of death worldwide in 2020
...in Albania, MOH perceives traffic accidents are
one of the leading causes of death, and accident
victims are the main users of hospital
emergency services!
Crash of Air
France Concorde
Flight 4590 killed
109 passengers
plus 4 on the
ground = 113
persons in total
Paris
July 25, 2000
Some comparisons………………
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Total annual global traffic fatalities:
Single Concorde crash, fatalities:
about 800,000
113
•Traffic accident equivalents
800,000 road deaths represent:
about 7,000 Concorde
crashes per year, or
about 20 Concorde
crashes every day!!
WHO suggests things will get worse…..
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Disease burden (DALYs* lost) for 10 leading causes
1998
Disease or Injury
2020
Disease or Injury
1. Lower respiratory infections
1. Ischaemic heart disease
2. HIV/AIDS
2 . Unipolar major depression
3. Perinatal conditions
3. Road traffic Injuries
4. Diarrhoeal diseases
4. Cerebrovascular disease
5. Unipolar major depression
6. Ischaemic heart disease
5. Chronic obstructive pulmonary
diseases
6. Lower respiratory infections
7. Cerebrosvascular disease
7. Tuberculosis
8. Malaria
8. War
9 . Road traffic Injuries
9. Diarrhoeal diseases
10. Chronic obstructive pulmonary
diseases
10. HIV/AIDS
*DALYs: Disability-Adjusted Life Years
Factors in Crashes
What can be done to improve road safety…..
TimeScale
People
Vehicle
Environment
Target
Outcome
(relative
to crash)
Before
 Education/training
 Impairment (drink,
stimulants)
 Regulations and their
enforcement
 Attitudes/behaviour
 Vehicle condition
(roadworthiness)
 Vehicle systems
(braking/ABS,
electrical, etc)
 Road design
(‘safety
conscious’)
 Signs, markings
 Maintenance
Crash
Prevention
During
 Use of restraints/
protective clothing
(seat belts, crash
helmets)
 Impairment
 Restraints
 Crashworthiness
 Maintenance
 Protection (e.g.
crash barriers)
 ‘Forgiveness’ (for
road user errors)
Injury
Prevention
After
 Coordination of
emergency response
(timing critical)
 First aid skill
 Access to medical
services
 Ease of access to
victims
 Fire risk
 Emergency
services
 Rescue facilities
 Traffic congestion
Life
Sustaining
Effects of preventive and protective measures…
____________________________________________
15 %
7%
15 %
5%
25 %
less accident victims, if seat belts used
less fatalities, if pedestrian-friendly car designs
less fatalities, if all cars are made to the best level
of passive safety in their size category
less fatalities, if daytime running lights in use
less fatalities, if by road engineering, information
or applied telematics the average speed of motor
vehicles could be reduced by 5 km/h
Source: European Union estimates
A coordinated approach is required to address road
safety issues…
Public health
Justice
Transport
Diplomacy
Education
Police
Civil Society
Development of Integrated Road Safety Programs…
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First steps include establishment of:
•
political support, to provide leadership, agree on policies,
government funding
•
an effective decision-making and coordinating mechanism (e.g.
National Road Safety Council (NRSC)), with representatives from
key government decision-makers and other agencies involved in
road safety
•
a technical road safety secretariat, to act as the executive arm of
the NRSC in coordinating, implementing and following-up on
NRSC decisions
……..an integrated Road Safety Program may then be
developed, based on ‘Education, Enforcement and
Engineering’ activities...….
Example of an effective application…
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In 1990, Victoria State in Australia assessed the main factors in
their high rate of traffic fatalities and injury accidents as being:
•excessive speed of drivers
•excessive use of alcohol by drivers
A coordinated program of enforcement was introduced, together
with a supporting public awareness campaign. This involved the
traffic police, working closely with the roads authority and state
insurance company, who funded the media campaign
By 1996, serious traffic accidents involving casualties in Victoria
State had been reduced by more than 30%
Road Safety in Albania: International Comparisons
International Fatality Rates; 1996
30
Fatality Rates
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Fatality Rate: Traffic fatalities/10,000 vehicles
Source: TRL Report 445 - Estimating Global Road Fatalities
Under-Recording of Traffic Fatalities
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• Fatality definition (international):
- road death defined to be when road crash victim dies
within 30 days of the crash (in Albania, fatality is
death at crash site)
• Road Crash Fatality Adjustment Factors
(international):
- European Conference of Ministers of Transport
(ECMT) recommended road crash fatality statistics
should be increased by at least 15% to adjust ‘crash
site/same day deaths’ to the ‘30-day’ convention
Causes of Traffic Accidents in Albania
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Traffic Police have identified the main causes of
traffic accidents to include:
- poor road condition
- lack of safety features (signs, pavement marking,
functioning traffic signals)
- speeding
- high alcohol levels of drivers
International experience shows that wider use of seat belts
could reduce the number of serious casualties, but more needs
to be done to protect vulnerable road users (pedestrians,
cyclists)….
Albania: Traffic Fatalities by Road Users, 2001
Vehicle Passengers
26%
Pedestrians
37%
Bus Drivers
1%
Truck Drivers
3%
Car Drivers
18%
Cyclists
7%
Motor-cyclists
8%
Albania: Personal Injury Accidents by Road Users, 2001
Pedestrians
25%
Vehicle Passengers
43%
Cyclists
6%
Motorcyclists
8%
Truck Drivers
1%
Car Drivers
17%
GOA Road Safety Initiatives
______________________________________
• Inter-Ministerial Committee for Road Safety - Jan 2002
• New Legislation (Road Code-2000) and
•Regulations-2002
• Directorate for Road Safety (DRS) in MOTT - April 2002
• Road Safety Action Plan - May 2002
Road Maintenance Project (RMP)
Road Safety Component
______________________________________
• Objectives
- create greater awareness of road safety issues in Albania
- provide technical assistance, training and equipment to
DRS to strengthen its pivotal role in road safety coordination
- develop institutional capacity within GRD and MLGD to
include safety in all roads planning, engineering,
construction and maintenance activities, including pilot
projects to improve hazardous locations and accident
‘blackspots’
Road Maintenance Project (RMP)
Road Safety Component (cont’d)
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• Objectives (cont’d)
- provide technical assistance, training and equipment to the
traffic police to improve accident data collection and
analysis, and to strengthen law enforcement in accordance
with the new Road Code
- provide technical assistance and advisory services to the
traffic police in Tirana, to support new traffic management
improvements
Road Maintenance Project (RMP)
Road Safety Component (cont’d)
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• Targets
- significant reductions in traffic fatality rates
- significant number of ‘blackspots’ improved
- institutional capacity in road safety activities strengthened
within MOTT/GRD and MLGD
- institutional capacity developed within the traffic police to
improve enforcement aimed at unsafe road user behavior
Road Maintenance Project (RMP)
Road Safety Component (cont’d)
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• Goals
- cooperative approach between public and private sector
agencies involved in road safety, with leadership by the InterMinisterial Committee and coordination by DRS
- reductions in traffic accidents and safer conditions on
Albanian roads
- support for the development of a sustainable road safety
program in Albania