Transcript BOXING ACT SEMINAR

BOXING AUSTRALIA INC
STATE/TERRITORY
LEVEL JUDGE
SEMINAR
Version Apr 2010
Purpose
The purpose of today’s session is to:
 prepare you to become a qualified State level judge
 instil you with the knowledge and understanding of the
rules to provide the athletes with fair and consistent
rulings.
Agenda
BA structure
Expectations
Objectives
Dress
Gloves
Bandages
Duties
Positioning
Hints for judges
Awarding of points/Scoring blows
Fouls
Cautions/warnings
Decisions
Timekeeping
Drawing of bouts
Age divisions
Weight divisions
Rounds
Judge analysis
Computer scoring
Handheld scoring
Scorecards-W/X/J/KDs
Set-up of computer scoring
Practical demonstrations
Process for advancement
Boxing Australia structure
COUNCIL
1 delegate per state & territory
BOARD
5 elected directors
National
Coach
CEO
R&J
Committee
Rules
Committee
Selectors
Committee
Wayne Rose (Chair)
Max Sulejmani (Sec)
Ann Tindal
Steve Warn
Neil McCallum
Medical
Committee
Anti-doping
Committee
Expectations
The expectations of the spectators, competitors and coaches are that the Referees and Judges
are totally impartial. Factors that affect R&Js are the four ‘Fs”; that is they are fit, fair, firm
and friendly. Judging is only science; refereeing is science as well as art.
The 4 ‘F’s’
Fit so you may easily move around the ring with confidence and in touch with the athletes.
Fair so that it is openly apparent there is no favouritism.
Firm so as coaches and boxers can be confident in our action.
Friendly so our sport may flourish and there is all round respect.
Fit
Firm
Fair
Friendly
Objectives
The following is a comparison of objectives to make you better understand the role we
play and why we have to overcome distractions or disappointments following unpopular
decisions.
The objective of an athlete or coach is to:
win the bout [at all cost].
Our objective as officials is to:
ensure we arrive at the correct decision within the boundaries of the rules.
Boxers dress
 Clothing
• Light boots or shoes without spikes or heels, socks, shorts not to exceed knee length,
and a red or blue vest matching their corner covering the chest and back.
• Where the vest and shorts are the same colour, the belt line must be clearly indicated.
• A soft knee brace is acceptable; no metal or hard plastic.
 Gum shields
• Shall be worn and shall be form fitted. Where the gum shield is knocked out the referee
shall take the boxer to their corner, have it washed and refitted. While this is being done
the seconds are not to talk to the boxer. If the gum shield falls out a third time for any
reason the boxer shall be warned and further warned if it happens again.
• Red coloured gum shields are forbidden
 Cup/ breast protectors
• A cup protector shall be worn by male boxers, a jock strap may be worn in addition.
Females may wear a breast protector.
Boxers dress cont’
 Head guards
• Boxers shall wear conforming head guards approved by AIBA, BAI or the state. Head
guards should be of the same colour as their corner; in national and international bouts it
is mandatory. National champs only AIBA approved head guards shall be used (Adidas,
Everlast, Top Ten are approved).
• The head guard will be fitted once in the ring and removed at the bout conclusion and
before the decision.
 Prohibited objects
• No other objects may be worn during the bout. No type of body piercing and no body
accessories shall be worn during the bout.
• The use of rubbing liniment or products likely to be harmful or objectionable to an
opponent, on the face, arms or any part of the body is forbidden. However, grease or
vaseline rubbed into the forehead and eyebrows before a contest is allowable to prevent
injury.
 Dress infractions
• A referee shall exclude from competition a boxer that does not wear a head guard, a
cup-protector, and gumshield. Where a boxer’s glove or dress becomes undone during
boxing the referee shall stop the contest and have it attended to.
Gloves
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Competitors shall wear red or blue gloves as per the respective boxer’s corner
and which are approved by AIBA, BAI or the state. At national champs only
Adidas, Everlast or Top Ten are approved. Boxers are not allowed to wear their
own gloves.
The gloves shall weigh 10oz of which the leather portion shall not weigh more
than half of the total weight and the padding not less than half the total weight.
The regular hitting surface must be marked on the gloves with a clearly
discernible colour. The padding of the gloves shall not be displaced or broken.
Only clean and serviceable gloves shall be used.
All gloves and bandages shall be fitted under the supervision of two
knowledgeable officials appointed for that purpose.
Bandages
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A bandage between 2.5m and 4.5m and 5.7cm wide on each hand will be used. No
other kind of bandage may be used.
The bandages shall be made of stretched material.
The use of any kind of tapes, rubber or adhesive plaster, as bandages, is strictly
forbidden. However, a single strip of adhesive 3” (7.6cm) long and between 1” (2.5cm)
and 2” (5cm) wide, may be used at the upper wrist to secure the bandage.
At national champs only AIBA approved bandages will be used (Addidas, Everlast, Top
Ten).
Bandages shall be checked by the referee at the end of the bout.
The judge
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Attire:
Judges shall officiate in white clothing and black bow-tie.
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Participation:
5 judges will officiate at BAI championship and selection events.
In other events a minimum of 3 judges must be used.
Neither the referee nor timekeeper will judge.
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Duties:
The Judges’ primary duty is to independently and without bias judge the bout
according to the rules.
Shall use the computer scoring system for judging, or if unavailable a Handheld
boxing points calculator or similar; 20:19 scoring is forbidden.
May not speak to anyone during a bout or give any sign to a contestant or judge.
At end of a round, may bring to the referee’s attention anything the referee may not
have noticed (eg loose ropes, noisy cornermen).
May not leave seat until the decision is announced.
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Referees and Judges
 This rule deals with the generics of the role.
 Only AIBA officials shall officiate during Olympic, Worlds, AIBA Challenge matches,
Oceania, and other internationals. Referees shall not judge.
 5 judges shall be seated at ringside and separate from the public. If 5 judges are
unavailable 3 judges may be used but not in national events or major AIBA
tournaments.
 Only officials qualified and approved shall be used – not those being assessed.
 Officials acting as referees or judges shall not act as a manager, trainer or second during
the same tournament.
 An official may be suspended if they fail to enforce the rules or their marking or scoring
is considered unsatisfactory.
 If the referee is incapacitated during the contest the timekeeper shall ring the bell to stop
the bout and the next available referee will resume the bout.
 The use of the computer scoring is compulsory for all national events and AIBA
tournaments.
 The 20-point scoring system is forbidden. Judges must score with the computer scoring,
the Handheld boxing points calculator or similar (clickers).
Ring positions
Stairs
12
Includes:
Announcer
Timekeeper
Computer operator
Jury Chair
Recorder
Ref
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Stairs
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Stairs
Hints for judges
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Direct your gaze on a point midway between the two boxers; this will enable you to see and
note the actions of each boxer. Avoid any inclination to watch a particular boxer, who by
reason of their style or personality may attract more attention than their opponent.
Never rely on past performance, reputations or titles earned by a particular athlete.
A boxer who swings his/her blows is liable to contact the target area with the inside of the
glove. Considerable proportions of swinging blows do not contact with the knuckle part of the
closed glove, and are therefore foul blows, for which the judge must not award points.
A guide as to the correctness of a swinging blow is whether a boxer turns the glove when
delivering the blow. Unless this occurs the blow will almost certainly be struck with the inside
of the glove.
Infighting may be described as the exchange of several blows when the boxers are close
together. The advantage is usually with the boxer whom has the inside position because she/he
can strike straight speedy blows whilst their arms protect them.
Don’t give credit for blows delivered whilst the boxer is infringing the rules.
Don’t be influenced by the reputation of the boxer; the best champion is liable to be beaten.
Award your points for the boxing you see, not for what a boxer can do, or has done on other
occasions.
Don’t be influenced by the crowd or by the corners.
Don’t engage in conversation or other distractions during the contest, but give your undivided
attention to the competing boxers, however, be prepared to advise the referee if she/he seeks
your advice.
Awarding of points
Scoring Blow
A scoring blow must, without being blocked or guarded, land with the knuckle part of the
closed glove of either hand on any part of the front or sides of the head or body above the
belt. Swings landing as above are scoring blows.
The awarding of points follows the principles of one point for every scoring blow.
Scoring points are when at least 3 of the 5 judges (or when using 3 judges, 2 of the 3 judges)
simultaneously record a punch that is in their opinion has been delivered correctly on the
target area.
Fouls
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Hitting below the belt, holding, tripping, kicking, and butting with foot or knee.
Hits or blows with head, shoulder, forearm, elbow, throttling of the opponent, pressing with arm or
elbow in opponent’s face, pressing the head of the opponent back over the ropes.
Hitting with open glove, the inside of the glove, wrist or side of the hand.
Hits landing on the back of the opponent, and especially any blow on the back of the neck or head and
kidney punch.
Pivot blows.
Attack whilst holding the ropes or making any unfair use of the ropes.
Lying on, wrestling and throwing in the clinch.
An attack on an opponent who is down or who is in the act of rising.
Holding.
Holding and hitting or pulling and hitting.
Holding, or locking of the opponent’s arm or head, or pushing an arm underneath the arm of an
opponent.
Ducking below the belt of the opponent in a manner dangerous to an opponent.
Completely passive defence by double cover and intentionally falling, running or turning the back to
avoid a blow or to engage in combat.
Useless, aggressive, or offensive utterances during a round.
Not stepping back when ordered to break.
Attempting to strike an opponent immediately after the referee has ordered “break” and before stepping
back.
Assaulting or behaving in an aggressive manner towards a referee at any time.
Spitting out the gumshield.
Keeping the advanced hand straight in order to obstruct the opponent’s vision.
If a referee has any reason to believe a foul has been committed which is unseen, the ref may consult the
judges.
Cautions and warnings
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A caution is advice or admonishment for less serious infringements. 3 cautions for
the same type of foul shall require a warning to be given. A warning is given where
a boxer breaks the rules but does not warrant disqualification.
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A minor infringement that is not advantageous to the offender does not merit a
warning. A caution therefore should be sufficient. Warnings are for dangerous
infringements, harm fouls or persistent offences.
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Cautions and warnings must be given clearly in such a way that the boxer
understands the offence and that you are "speaking" to him/her with your signal.
Demonstrate by imitating the nature of the infringements.
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To issue a "warning" the referee must stop the bout by giving the command "stop".
Send the victim boxer to the neutral corner, give warning (indicate this with the
thumb), clearly showing infringement to boxer, then indicate to each judge in order
from No 1 (jury 1st) to No 5 with the demonstrating thumb. Demonstrate again to
boxer the infringement and indicate with thumb that warning has been given, and
then order BOX. The command "box" should be given only after you have been
satisfied that the offender clearly understands the warning.
Cautions and warnings cont’
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At the "third" warning, you must disqualify the offender. After you have disqualified
the boxer by issuing the warning and then returning the boxers to their respective
corners, you must let your decision be known to the Jury/official in charge and to each
judge (only for Handheld Boxing Points Calculator scoring). For this purpose, you
may lean over the ropes and very clearly indicate which boxer you have disqualified.
Do NOT take a disqualified boxer, or for that matter any stoppage, to his/her corner
and enter into any discussion with the boxer or the seconds to justify your decision.
Judges’ responsibility
Where a judge agrees with a warning the judge will press the ‘warning’ button,
whereas if a judge does not agree with the warning he/she simply does not press any
buttons. Where a judge is unsighted they shall agree with the referee.
Where a judge sees a foul where the referee was possibly obstructed or failed to
respond, the judge may penalise the boxer by pressing the ‘warning’ button. This will
be indicated by a ‘J’ on the bout printout and will increase the judge’s individual score
by 2 blows. However, if 2 other judges press the warning button within 20 secs then
the victim boxer will receive 2 scoring blows.
Boxer down from a foul
Where a boxer has been knocked down from a foul his/her opponent shall be warned,
and the victim boxer shall receive two (2) points or the equivalent to two (2) scoring
blows if three of the five judges agree with the referee. Where the judge does not see
the alleged foul blow the judge shall agree with the referee. Where the referee fails to
warn the offending boxer, but simply gives a caution then the judge is to warn the
boxer.
Pop Quiz
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What brand of gloves/headguards are allowed at national events?
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What year did Snowy Baker win a silver medal at the Olympic Games?
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What is the main duty of the judge?
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What is a scoring blow?
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How is a ‘warning’ issued?
Decisions (and actions)
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Win on points.
Retirement.
RSC:
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Outclassed (OC).
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Injury .
Disqualification.
Knockout.
RSCH (referee stops contest – head injury).
 ‘R.S.C.H.’ is a term to be used only when a boxer is being saved from a
knockout after having received hard head blows making him defenceless
and incapable of continuing.
 The term RSCH is not to be used when a boxer is simply outclassed and is
receiving too many scoring hits without scoring him/herself.
Walkover.
No contest.
Draw.
The timekeeper
 The primary duty of the timekeeper is to regulate the number, duration and intervals between the
rounds.
 The intervals between rounds are one full minute (60 seconds) in duration.
 Five seconds before the start of each round, the timekeeper shall signal “seconds out” by use of a
whistle, similar device or by informing the announcer to announce “seconds out”.
 The timekeeper shall commence and end each round by striking the gong, bell, buzzer or horn, etc.
 The Timekeeper shall announce the number of each round prior to the start of the round.
 The timekeeper shall regulate all periods of time and counts by a watch or clock.
 The clock is paused for warnings, cautions, bringing the dress or equipment into order, or for any
other reason except that it is NOT paused during a count. A full one-minute rest shall be given
between rounds. No additional round(s) may be given.
 In the event of a knockdown, the timekeeper shall:
 immediately start the count by raising his/her hand
 regulate the passing seconds with movement of the hand in a visual position for the referee’s
direction
 begin the count from “one” to ten with intervals of one second; and
 resume the clock; as any count is part of the duration of the round.
 If, at the end of the round, a boxer is ‘down’ and the referee is in the course of counting, the gong or
bell will not be sounded until the referee has given the command ‘box’ indicating the continuation
of the round.
Drawing of bouts
 Purpose
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The draw will take place following the weigh-in and 3 hrs before the first bout of the first
session. To reduce the number of boxers in the first series down to 2, 4, 8, etc boxers in the
second series.
To determine the order of competition.
Where there is 5 boxers there will be 1
bout, 3 byes as such:
Where there is 8 boxers there will be 4
bouts, 0 byes as such:
1
3
Bout 1
Bout 2
2
3
4
Bout 2
Bout 5
4
Bout 4
Bout 7
5
5
1
Bout 1
2
Bout 3
Bout 3
6
7
Bout 4
8
Bout 6
Age limits
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The boxer’s age is determined by using their year of birth.
At non-championship bouts boxers under 17 years are not permitted to compete against a boxer
who is 2 calendar years or more older, unless an exemption is approved.
 Where a boxer under 17 years competes against a boxer aged over 17 years the under 17 rules
apply. Accordingly, where boundaries are crossed the lower age group always applies.
 Australian states vary in their age restrictions for boxers to compete. Currently, many states
within Australia allow boxers to compete from age 10 years. Due to Government restrictions,
boxers in some states can only start competition from age 12 or 14 years.
 Divisions within Australia
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U11 – 10 years
U13 – 11 or 12 years.
U15 – 13 or 14 years
Junior – 15 or 16 years.
Youth – 17 or 18 years.
Elite – 17 years and 34 years.
Masters – 35 years and over (unlimited)
 Australian championship ages at the first weigh-in
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Schoolboy/girl – 13 years and 14 years.
Junior male and female – 15 years and 16 years.
Youth male and female – 17 years and 18 years.
Elite Male and Female – 17 years and 34 years.
Weights
 Males 17 years and over will compete as per international rules: 46Kg-49Kg, 52Kg, 56Kg,
60Kg, 64Kg, 69Kg, 75Kg, 81Kg, 91Kg, & 91+ Kg.
 Females 17 years and over will compete in: 45Kg-48 Kg, 51Kg, 54Kg, 57Kg, 60Kg, 64Kg,
69Kg, 75Kg, 81Kg, 91Kg, & 91+ Kg. The 91Kg and 91+ Kg divisions are not recognised for
international competition and as such those boxers competing in these categories will be
considered as 81+ Kg for any international event /selection.
 Male and female boxers aged 15 and 16 years of age will compete in: 46Kg, 48Kg, 50Kg,
52Kg, 54Kg, 57Kg, 60Kg, 63Kg, 66Kg, 70Kg, 75Kg, 80Kg, & 86 Kg, 92 Kg, and 92+ Kg. The
86Kg, 92Kg and 92+Kg divisions are not recognised for international competition and as such
those boxers competing in these categories will be considered as 80+Kg for any international
event/ selection.
 Male and Female boxers aged 10 to 16 years of age inclusive are permitted to compete in BAI
competitions, subject to any legislative or government policy restrictions, and their weight
divisions will include 22Kg, 24Kg, 26Kg, 28Kg, 30Kg, 32Kg, 34Kg, 36Kg, 38Kg, 40Kg, 42Kg,
and 44 Kg, in addition to those listed above.
 In bouts that are not selections or championships, boxers in differing weight divisions may
only be matched according to the restrictions as follows or where an exemption is approved:
 Boxers aged under 17 years will have no more than 2Kg difference in weight up to and including
54 Kg, then no more than the equivalent weight division difference up to and including 92+ Kg.
 Boxers aged 17 years or more will have no more than 3Kg difference in weight up to and
including 60Kg, then no more than the equivalent weight division difference up to and including
91+ Kg.
Rounds
 Under 13 yrs:
 Boys and girls – 3 x 1 ½ min rounds.
 Novice championships – 3 x 1 to 3 x 1 ½ min rounds.
 Schoolboy/girl:
 Boys and girls – 3 x 1 ½ min rounds.
 Novice championships – 3 x 1 to 3 x 1 ½ min rounds.
 Junior:
 Boys and girls – 3 x 2 min rounds.
 Novice championships – 3 x 1 ½ min rounds.
 Youth:
 Male – 3 x 3 min rounds.
 Female – 4 x 2 min rounds.
 Novice championships – 3 x 2 min rounds.
 Elite:
 Male – 3 x 3 min rounds.
 Female – 4 x 2 min rounds.
 Novice championships – 3 x 2 min rounds.
 Masters:
 Male and female – 3 x 2 min rounds.
 Stopping the contest for warnings, cautions, fixing the dress, fixing equipment, or for
any other reason (other than a count), is not included in the duration of the round.
 A full one-minute rest period shall be given between rounds.
Computer scoring
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In 1990, AIBA made computerised scoring mandatory for all international
tournaments, and BA rules require computerised scoring also for all national
competitions in Australia.
The main purpose of computerised scoring is to ensure fair, objective and purely
technical decisions for the boxers. Other advantages are: Judges are relieved of the
tedious calculations to determine points and can concentrate on recognising and
recording scoring blows only. Trace recording of all judges actions at every second of
the bout are made, and faster, more accurate flow of information and less delay
between bouts occurs.
All Judges’ reactions are immediately displayed on the screen that is situated in front
of the jury. In this manner the jury is able to monitor the effectiveness of each Judge.
All data that is collected during the bout is synchronised with the bout clock. This
means that each press of a button by a Judge is immediately time stamped and
registered. As we do not use a bout clock linked to the computer, our situation is that
the computer internally registers this information that can then be extracted.
Judges new to computer scoring generally tend to under-press or over-press
significantly. It is important to learn to relax and not be trigger-happy, since you cannot
“undo” a press of the button. There is plenty of time for you to determine if a punch is
valid, and ensure that you press the button for the correct corner (red or blue) promptly
but without rushing.
Computer scoring cont’
Scoring pad
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Concept
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On/off button
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Scoring buttons
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Warning buttons
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Visual display
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Visual display button
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Power input
Computer scoring cont’
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Individual score
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Individual accepted score
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Combined accepted score
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Warnings
Judge’s warning
Draw
If computer malfunctions
Judges assessment
Computer scoring cont’
If the computer scoring system becomes defective during a bout the Jury shall cease the
bout for one minute.
•Scores retained
•If, during the one-minute period the system cannot be repaired and the scores at the time of
the stoppage are retained, proceed as follows:
•The judges shall use hand held scoring devices (includes clicker devices) and record the
bout for the duration and record the score onto scoring paper.
•At the end of the contest the jury shall collect the scoring papers from the judges.
•Add the judges’ individual scores from the computer to the scores from the scoring papers,
delete the high and low scores from the red and blue corner to arrive at the winner.
•Scores not retained
•If during the one minute period the system cannot be repaired and the scores at the time of
the stoppage are not retained, proceed as follows:
•If the incident occurs in the 1st, 2nd, or in case of a 4 round bout the 3rd round, and there are
at least three more bouts scheduled in that session, the bout shall be rescheduled as the final
bout of the session.
•If the incident occurs in the 1st, 2nd, or in case of a 4 round bout the 3rd round, and there are
less than three more bouts scheduled in that session, the bout shall be rescheduled to the start
of the next session; but if there are no further sessions scheduled for the event then the
judges will be asked to decide the winner.
If the incident occurs after the end of the 2nd, or in case of a 4 round bout the 3rd round, the
judges will be asked to decide the winner.
Handheld boxing points calculator
• Concept
 Handheld calculators are not connected to a
computer, but use the same concept as a
simple press of a red or blue button each
time a scoring blow has been delivered. This
enables the judge to fully concentrate on the
bout and to simply react to a scoring punch.
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On button
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Boxing mode
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Start scoring
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Scoring buttons
Start/
Display
Round
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8
9
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Box
Cal
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5
6
X
2
3
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=
Sum
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Warning buttons
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Round button
%
1
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Stop scoring
On
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Display scores
Handheld boxing points calculator
Scorecard
Location:
Bout No:
Date:
Weight Div:
Referee:
Judge:
BLUE
RED
• Scorecard
• Warnings
• Judge’s warnings
• Knockdowns
• Procedure at end of bout
• Points equal at end of bout
Boxer’s name:
Boxer’s name:
Club/State:
Club/State:
Warnings & counts
Points
Round
W
1
X
2
Points
Warning & counts
J-OG
3
KDH
4
Total
Most leading off
or better style
RED
H
Total
In case of tied score
Better defence
WINNER
Other
BLUE
B
Points Knockout Disq Retired
1 2 3 4
Rounds
RSC RSC OutRSC Injury
Head
class
RSC Comp
Walkover
Count Limit
No Contest
……………………..Signature of Judge
Pop Quiz
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How many bouts and byes in a draw for 13 boxers?
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Can boxers compete outside their weight/age division:
– At championships?
– At other events (under what circumstances)?
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How is a winner determined when there is a draw in computer scoring?
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How is a point scored in computer scoring?
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After a warning, how many points are awarded to the victim boxer in computer scoring?
Judge’s analysis
Computer set-up
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Ref
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Stairs
Practical demonstrations of
computer set-up
Process for advancement
• Modules
– Successfully perform as a gloving steward
– Successfully perform as a timekeeper
– Successfully set up the computer scoring
system
– Demonstrate understanding of a draw
– Demonstrate understanding of the judges’
evaluation