Transcript What is happening bin undergraduate careers with medical

Developing Careers
Support for
Undergraduate
Medical Students
A Case Study from University of Liverpool
Christine Waddelove
Senior Careers Adviser
School of Medical Education
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A Day in the Life?
Why the need to develop careers support?
• Changes in postgraduate medicine training e.g.
Modernising Medical Careers agenda (2005)
• Research shows dissatisfaction of junior doctors
with lack of careers advice*
• Increased Diversity and flexibility of students
entering medicine e.g. ‘feminisation’
• Changes in society – growth in number of
speciality areas
• Retention
• International doctors – restrictions?
*Jackson C, Ball JE, Hirsh W, Kidd JM. Informing choices: the need for career advice in
medical training . London: BMA Health Policy and Economic Research Unit, 2003.
Application Process pre- and post- MMC
Before
• PRHO - SHO (lost tribe)
• Specialist Registrar
• Applications all year
round
• Multiple applications
required
• Potential for perceived
favouritism/nepotism
Now
– F1 and F2
– Specialty Trainee
– National timeline
– UK-wide online
application system
– National scoring
guidance
– Fair and open
competitive process
Specialty Training post MMC
www.mmc.nhs.uk
Helped by government reports....
2005 Career Management: an approach for medical schools, deaneries, royal colleges and
trusts, put together by the (MMC) working group for career management states:
‘ an effective career management system must span the totality of undergraduate and
postgraduate medical training, including recruitment of students into medical school.’
2007 Recommendation 17 in the Tooke report emphasised the need for medical schools to
play a greater role in providing careers information and advice:
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‘Career aspirations and choices should be informed by accurate data. Medical schools
should play a greater role in careers advice.’
2008 This recommendation has subsequently been fully accepted by the Secretary of
State for Health:
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‘I am pleased that Sir John has acknowledged the role that medical schools have to play in
providing careers advice. I look forward to hearing more about their plans in this area
shortly.’
2009 Tomorrow’s Doctors
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‘Schools must have a carers guidance strategy. Generic resources should include an outline
of career paths in medicine and the postgraduate specialties, as well as guidance on
application forms and process. Specific guidance should be provided for personalised
career planning.’
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So why specifically careers support at
undergraduate level?
• Doctors will have to choose which speciality to
enter 16 months after graduation during early
part Foundation year 2
• Decisions made in medical school can help or
hinder choices
• Useful to develop career management skills early
because doctors will need these skills during their
career
Some of their choices
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Extra curricular activities
Positions of responsibility
Work experience / voluntary work
Student societies
Elective
Special Study Modules (SSCs in some institutions)
Intercalate
Publish Articles
Undertake audits
Teaching
Prizes/Awards
In the next 3 minutes in groups of
2/3 write down as many medical
specialties as you can
Medical Specialties
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Anaesthesia
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Chemical Pathology
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Clinical Radiology
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General Practice
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Histopathology
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Medical Microbiology
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Medical Virology
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Medicine (sub specialties)
Acute medicine
Allergy
Audiological medicine
Cardiology
Clinical genetics
Clinical neurophysiology
Clinical oncology
Clinical pharmacology & therapeutics
Dermatology
Endocrinology & diabetes
Gastroenterology
General internal medicine/acute medicine
Genito-urinary medicine
Geriatric medicine
Haematology
Immunology
Infectious diseases
Metabolic medicine
Medical oncology
Medical ophthalmology
Neurology
Nuclear medicine
Occupational medicine
Paediatric cardiology
Palliative medicine
Pharmaceutical medicine
Rehabilitation medicine
Renal medicine
Respiratory medicine
Rheumatology
Sports & exercise medicine
Stroke Medicine
Tropical medicine
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Emergency Medicine
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Neurosurgery
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Obstetrics and gynaecology
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Ophthalmology
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Paediatrics
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Psychiatry – general
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Public Health
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Surgery (sub specialties)
Cardiothoracic surgery
General surgery
Oral and maxillo f acial surgery
Orthopaedic
Otolaryngology (ENT)
Paediatric surgery
Plastic surgery
Trauma and orthopaedic surgery
Urology
Some Issues
UK Medical School Intake
www.foundation.nhs.uk
2009 ST1 Level Posts & Applications of (source)
www.foundationprogramme.nhs.uk
Issues
• Need to work on expectations of prospective
medical graduates and medical graduates
• In 2009 40% of the available specialty posts were in
GP and yet only 13% of foundation doctors applied
for GP.
• Core surgery represented 8% of the available posts
with 20% of foundation doctors applying for them
(see figure 2).
• By 2012 60% of specialty posts will be in GP
• Geography – some areas short doctors others
massively oversubscribed
Development Strategies
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Involved ‘taster days’ with 6th
formers
Developed relevant careers
information –leaflets and website
Career readiness tools e.g. Sci59
Used technology – VLE /email
guidance/ voice-over
presentations
Developed career management
skills workshops within curriculum
- Customising ‘Destinations
Fairs- “balloon” debate, Year3 and
Year5 trust fairs
Training the trainers - consultants
Work conjunction with post
graduate deanery
Research
Example of recent SSM titles – 3rd year
• ‘’Undergraduate and postgraduate experiences as
factors affecting speciality choice’’.
• “A critical evaluation of the careers management
advice suggested for junior doctors since the
implementation of the modernising medical careers
agenda”.
• “General Practice as a career over the last two
decades”.
• “What factors determine junior doctors and medical
students decision to pursue a career in primary care
specialties and how has this changed over the recent
decade?”
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Stage approach to Career Planning–
Elton, C. and Reid, J. (2007) The roads to success. A practical approach to career planning for medical
students, foundation trainees (and their supervisors), London: Postgraduate Deanery for Kent, Surrey, and
Sussex)
Plan
Implementation
Treatment
Self
Awareness
or Assessment
History and
examination
Decision
making
Diagnosis
Career
exploration
Investigations
What have medical students said:
• “Awareness that MBChB degree is only the start of the
process of being a doctor, it will be followed by at least 5
and maybe up to 12 years of study - I am sure I was told
this but I certainly didn’t think about it!”
• “The sheer number of specialties available and that I wasn’t
just training as a ‘general doctor’.”
• “It’s a long slog – consider having a gap year before you come
to university as once you are on the ‘training route’ it can be
hard to decide when you should take time off and you need
it!”
• “Unlike other undergraduates who may leave the university
after 3 years you will be in the same place for 5 years and
then most students will undertake their foundation 2 years
in that region – so think carefully about where you want to
be.”
Contd..
• “Make the most of your first few years at med
school and take the opportunity to mix with
students from different departments, it gets
much harder after 3 rd year because of time and a
lot of the other students have gone, it’s all to easy
just to mix with medics.”
• “You are not going to cure everyone – very few
specialties cure – maybe orthopaedics – be
realistic otherwise you will become disillusioned.”
• “Beware of the shock when you go on the wards
for the first time – at times you are bound to
question whether this is the career for you.”
Key Learning Points
 Medical students are typically “Generation Y”
 Delivery of career management and
employability must optimise interest and need
 Students are most motivated when content
and topic align with real-life career needs
 Only interested when right thing at right time
Useful Resources
Resource to help you plan your career in medicine
http://www.medicalcareers.nhs.uk/Pages/default.aspx
• Lots of information on specialties, competitiveness etc
http://www.mmc.nhs.uk/
• Lots of Information on the Foundation programme
http://www.foundationprogramme.nhs.uk/pages/home
• Information on medical specialties etc.
http://www.nhscareers.nhs.uk/medical_training.shtml
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Useful Book- The Medical Student Career Handbook edited by
Elizabeth Cottrell