Transcript Slide 1

What GHS?
Logical and comprehensive approach to:
• Defining health, physical and environmental
hazards of chemicals
• Creating classification processes that use available
data on chemicals for comparison with the
defined hazard criteria
• Communicating hazard information, as well as
protective measures, on Labels and Safety Data
Sheets (SDS)
The GHS itself is not a
What
is
GHS?
standard or a regulation.
The GHS itself is not aThe GHS document
standard or a regulation
(referred to as “the purple
book”) establishes agreed
hazard classification and
communication provisions
The GHS document “the
purple
book” establishes
with
explanatory
agreed hazard classification
and communication
information
on how to
provisions with explanatory
on how
applyinformation
the system
to apply the system
Why is GHS Necessary?
• The primary purpose of GHS is to reduce
illness and injury caused by chemicals
• OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard
was published in 1983
• Resulted in a <42% in acute illness and
injuries from chemicals
Why is GHS Necessary?
• In the US alone there are many
different classification systems used by
various authorities.
This means that the same product can be
non-hazardous or hazardous with
different labels and SDS
GHS Benefits
Overall
• Enhance the protection of human health
and the environment
• Provide a recognized framework to
develop regulations
• Facilitate international trade in chemicals
whose hazards have been identified on
an international basis
• Reduce the need for testing and
evaluation against multiple classification
systems
GHS Timeline in US
• December 1, 2013 train employees on
the new label system
• June 1, 2015 comply with all modified
provisions of the final rule, except:
Distributers may ship products labeled
under the old system until Dec 1, 2015
• During transition may comply with
29CFR1910.1200 or current standard
GHS Major Elements
• Classification
- Physical
- Health
- Environmental
• Communication
- Labels
- Safety Data Sheets
GHS Classification
• Definitions changed to provide specific
criteria for classification:
– health and physical hazards
– Classifications of mixtures
• Specific Criteria will help ensure:
– Evaluations of hazardous effects are
consistent across manufacturers
– Labels and SDS’s are more accurate
GHS Classification
• Chemicals are first classified by one or
more of three Hazard Classes:
– Physical, Health or Environmental
• Each Hazard Class is divided onto
hazard categories
– Hazard categories may be further
divided into
• divisions, types, groups etc..
Physical Hazards
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Explosives
Flammable gasses
Flammable aerosols
Oxidizing gasses
Gasses under pressure
Flammable liquids
Flammable solids
Self-reactive substances
Physical Hazards
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Pyrophoric liquids
Pyrophoric solids
Self heating substances
Substances which in contact with water
emit flammable gasses
Oxidizing liquids
Oxidizing solids
Organic peroxides
Corrosive to metal
Health Hazards
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Acute toxicity
Skin corrosion/irritation
Serious eye damage/eye irritation
Respiratory or skin sensitive
Germ cell mutantgency
Carcinogenicity
Reproductive toxicity
Health Hazards
• Target organ/systemic toxicitysingle dose
• Target organ/systemic toxicityrepeated exposure
• Aspiration toxicity
Environmental Hazards
• Hazardous to aquatic environment
– Acute aquatic toxicity
– Chronic aquatic toxicity
• Bioaccumulation
• Rapid degradability
Hazard Communication
• Once the chemical has been classified,
the hazard(s) MUST be communicated to
target audiences
• The international mandate for the GHS
included to development of a harmonized
communication system including:
– Labels
– Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
– Easily understandable symbols
Pictograms
• Pictogram is a communication:
– Intended to convey specific information
– 9 pictograms to convey:
• Health hazards
• Physical hazards
• Environmental hazards
Pictograms
Health Hazard
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Carcinogen
Mutagen
Respiratory sensitizer
Reproductive toxicity
Target organ toxicity
Aspiration toxicity
Pictograms
Flame
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Flammables
Pryophorics
Self-Heating
Emits flammable gas
Self-reactive
Organic peroxides
Pictograms
Exclamation mark
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Irritant (skin and eye)
Skin sensitizer
Acute toxicity (harmful)
Narcotic effects
Respiratory tract irritant
Hazardous to ozone
layer
Pictograms
Gas cylinder
• Gas under pressure
Flame over circle
•Oxidizers
Pictograms
Corrosion
• Skin corrosion/burns
• Eye damage
• Corrosive to metals
Exploding bomb
•Explosives
•Self-reactives
•Organic peroxides
Pictograms
Skull and crossbones
• Acute toxicity (fatal or
toxic)
Environment
(non-mandatory)
•Aquatic toxicity
Labels
Existing systems have labels that look
different for the same product. Which
leads to confusion, consumer
uncertainty and the need for
additional resources to maintain
different systems
Label Elements
• Signal word: is a word that typically
appears near the top of a label. Final rule
requires the use of 1 of 2 signal words
– DANGER
– WARNING
• Hazard Statements describe the hazards
associated with a chemical.
– Intended to form a set of standardized
phrases about the hazards of chemical
substances
Hazard Statements, Physical Hazards
Code
Physical hazard
statement
GHS Hazard Class
Hazard Category
H200
Unstable explosive
Explosives
Unstable
H201
Explosive: mass explosive
hazard
Explosives
Div 1.1
H202
Explosive, severe
projection hazard
Explosives
Div 1.2
H203
Explosive: fire, blast or
projection hazard
Explosives
Div 1.3
H204
Fire or projection hazard
Explosives
Div 1.4
H205
May mass explode in fire
Explosives
Div 1.5
H220
Extremely flammable gas
Flammable gasses
1
H221
Flammable gas
Flammable gasses
2
Hazard Statements, Health Hazards
Code
Health hazard statement
GHS Hazard Class
Hazard Category
H300
Fatal if swallowed
Acute toxicity, oral
1,2
H301
Toxic if swallowed
Acute toxicity, oral
3
H302
Harmful if swallowed
Acute toxicity, oral
4
H303
Acute toxicity, oral
5
Aspiration hazard
1
Aspiration hazard
2
H310
May be harmful if
swallowed
May be fatal if swallowed
and enters airway
May be harmful if
swallowed and enters
airways
Fatal in contact with skin
Acute toxicity, dermal
1,2
H311
Toxic in contact with skin
Acute toxicity, dermal
3
H312
Harmful in contact with
skin
Acute toxicity, dermal
4
H304
H305
Label Elements
Precautionary statements
Indicate how the product should be
handled, used and stored to minimize
risks to the user and the environment
Label Elements
Precautionary statements
• General statements
- If medical advice is needed, have
product container or label at hand
- Keep out of reach of children
- Read Label before use
Label Elements
Precautionary statements
• Prevention statements
- Obtain special instructions before use
- Do not handle until all safety precautions
have been read
- Keep away from heat/sparks or open flames
- Ground/bond container and receiving
equipment
- Wear protective gloves/clothing/eye
protection
- Use required PPE
Label Elements
Precautionary statements
• Response statements
- IF SWALLOWED
- IF ON SKIN
- IF ON SKIN OR HAIR
- IF INHALED
- IF IN EYES
- IF ON CLOTHING
Label Elements
Precautionary statements
• Storage statements
– Store in closed container
– Store locked up
– Store in corrosive resistant container
– Maintain air gap between stacks and
pallets
– Store away from other materials
– Store is dry place
Label Elements
Precautionary statements
• storage statements
– Store in closed container
– Store in well ventilated place
– Keep container tightly closed
• Disposal statements
– Dispose of contents/container….
Safety Data Sheets (SDS)
The GHS established a standardized 16
section format for SDS to provide a
consistent sequence for presentation
to SDS users.
Items of primary concern to exposed
employees and emergency responders
are presented at the beginning of the
document, while more technical
information is presented later
SDS Format
• Section 1: identification
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Product identifier used on label
Other means of identification
Recommended use
Restrictions on use
Name, address and phone number of the
chemical manufacturer, importer or
responsible party
SDS format
• Section 2: Hazard(s) identification
- Classification of the chemical in
accordance with 1910.1200
- Signal word
- Hazard statements
- Symbols
SDS Format
• Section 3: composition/information on
chemicals
- Chemical name and concentration if
it’s a mixture
- CAS number
- Common name
- Other unique identifiers
SDS Format
• Section 4: First aid measures
- Description of measures for all routes
of exposure
- Most important symptoms/effects,
acute and delayed
- Identification of immediate medical
attention or special treatment needed,
if necessary
SDS Format
• Section 5: Fire-fighting measures
- Suitable extinguishing media
- Specific hazards arising from chemical
fire
- Special protective equipment or
precautions for fire-fighters
SDS Format
• Section 6: Accidental release measures
- Personal precautions, PPE and
protective equipment
- Methods for containment and clean
up
SDS Format
• Section 7: Handling and storage
- Precautions for safe handling
- conditions for safe storage, including
any incompatibilities
SDS Format
• Section 8: Exposure controls
- OSHA PEL ACGIH TLV and any other
exposure limit used or recommended
by the chemical manufacturer
SDS Format
• Section 9: Physical and Chemical
properties
- Appearance
- Odor
- pH
- Flash point
- Vapor density
- Vapor pressure
- IDLH
- Upper/lower explosive limit
SDS Format
• Section 10: Stability and reactivity
- Reactivity
- Chemical stability
- Possibility of hazardous reactions
- Conditions to avoid
- Incompatible materials
- Hazardous decomposition products
SDS Format
• Section 11: Toxicological information
- Information on likely routes of
exposure
- Symptoms related to exposure
- Delayed effects from long term
exposure
- Numerical measures of toxicity
- If product listed as carcinogen in NTP
SDS Format
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Sections 12-15 are not mandatory
Section 12: Ecological information
Section 13: Disposal considerations
Section 14: Transport information
Section 15: Regulatory information
Section 16: Other information
• Including date of SDS or last revision