Transcript Mechanism for the formation of low

EUROQUAM Satellite Meeting
on Cold and Ultracold Molecules
Durham, April 17-18, 2009
What do you care
what molecules are?...©
Olivier DULIEU
Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Orsay,France
© Inspired by R.P. Feynman, « What do you care what other people think? » (1988)
http://quantendynamik.physik.uni-freiburg.de/qudipmol/index.php
Interferences and
Quantum Aplications
French-German
University
The Cold Molecule Theory group in Orsay
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Mireille Aymar
Nadia Bouloufa
Anne Crubellier
O.D.
Eliane Luc
Maurice Raoult
Jacques Robert
•Viatcheslav Kokoouline (from U. Central
Florida)
•Romain Guérout
•Mehdi Ayouz
•Romain Vexiau
•Johannes Deiglmayr (Freiburg)
•Andres Gerdes (Hannover)
•Rachidi Osséni
EUROQUAM coll’s:
J. Danzl, J. Denschlag, H.-C. Nägerl,…(Innsbruck)
A. Grochola, M. Weidemüller, R. Wester,…(Freiburg)
P. Soldan (Prague)
E. Tiemann (Hannover)
C. Gabbanini (Pisa) (Review: « Formation and interactions of cold and ultracold molecules: new
challenges for interdisciplinary physics », to appear in Reports on Progress in Physics-2009)
Summary, Outline, Aim, Purpose
« The field of cold and ultracold molecules has recently witnessed a number of
spectacular advances reliant upon the high quality of our knowledge of molecular
structure at a very fundamental level. This talk will illustrate this premise in the
context of the current meeting, highlighting the characteristics of molecules that
we all care about. »*
10-6
Phase space density
Atomic properties
Cold Chemistry
Q
U
A
N
T.
Molecular dynamics
D
E
G
E
N.
106
109
1012
X(0,0) molecules
binding energy (Hz)
* Special thanks to S. Cornish
Degree of universality, common trends?
As theoreticians, do we have to systematically compute all details of all
molecular properties, especially in the prespective of forthcoming
experiments?
 Asympotic theories for long-range interactions, MQDT, …
 Threshold laws,…
 …
A few trends from the Faraday discussions this week:
Ultracold alkali atoms may not be an appropriate coolant for open-
shell molecules…
Ultracold alkaline-earth atoms could be more favorable…
Ultracold metastable rare gas atoms, quenched to their ground
state, look promising…
But the final answer is probably…
…that we have to solve the N-body problem, whose solution crucially depends on N
Trends from the « alkali age » (not yet fossils!)
Pure long-range molecules
0 g-
6s+6p3/2
Energy (cm-1)
6s+6p1/2
0u+
« THE » A~b
coupled system
6s+6s
X
R (a.u.)
Typical REMPI scheme for
ultracold molecule detection
Permanent dipole moments
X1S+
Aymar&Dulieu, JCP, 122, 204302 (2005)
KRb
This work
Measured by Ni et al
(2008)
Kotochigova et al 2004)
Park et al (2000)
Dipole moment (Debye)
X1S+
a3 S +
KRb
LiCs
R (a.u.)
Kotochigova et al, PRA 68, 022501 (2003)
Park et al, Chem. Phys, 257, 135 (2000)
Static dipole polarizabilities for alkali pairs:
SCALING LAW with the cube of the equilibrium distance
Deiglmayr et al, JCP 2008
parallel
perpendicular
Static dipole polarizabilities for alkali pairs:
dependence with vibrational level
Average polarizability
Anisotropy
Dynamic polarizabilities of Cs2 (X, v=0, J=0)
In the long-range of alkali dimers…
Adapted from Jones et al,RMP 2006,
Weiner et al, RMP 1999
Fine structure
Na2
Observation of Pure Longrange Molecules
Predicted by Uang et al, PRL 1978
Hyperfine structure
Rb2, v=0
Aldegunde et al arXiv:0810.4709v1
And here comes the full landscape…
6s1/2+6p3/2
6s1/2+6p1/2
A1Su+
b3Pu
0u+(P3/2)
0u+(P1/2)
a3Su+
6s1/2+6s1/2
X1Sg+
A few examples of « non-universality…
Mechanism for the formation of
low-v ground state molecules in Cs2:
« resonant coupling »
4-state coupling
2-step decay
v=1-7
Viteau et al, Science 2008, PRA 2009
New PA lines
Bv=0.01188cm-1
Re8.73a0
J=5-14!
In the course of STIRAP on Cs2 in Innsbruck
10 lines in the range 1118 to 1135 nm,
two progressions
One-photon spectroscopy
0u+
3S +
g
3S +(0 -,1g)
g
g
# 222
Energy (cm-1)
0u+
1130 nm
V = 150
X
Challenge:assignment relying on 10 lines, for the prediction
of the best possible STIRAP paths
Danzl et al, Science 2008, and FD142,
Modelling the intermediate states: „resonant coupling“
6s1/2+6p3/2
6s1/2+6p1/2
3P
u
1S +
u
~222
0u+ (P1/2)
(A1Su+)
SO coupling
level # 20
~20
+
0u (P1/2)
(b3Pu)
0u+(P3/2)
R-dependent SO coupling
A1Su+
0u+(P3/2)
Level #20
b3Pu
Level # 221
level # 222
Observation of PA at short-range into excited levels of
LiCs (B1P) in Freiburg
Deiglmayr et al, PRL 2008, NJP, to appear (2009)
Radial wave functions in LiCs
10
20
30
10
20
30
PA in LiCs
B1Pu(v=1)
hf-mixed
Pure singlet
Broad Feshbach resonance
K2
Lisdat et al, EPJD 2001
KRb
Resonant coupling:
an even more general
mechanism for cold molecule
manipulation
Ospelkaus et al, FD142/19
What’s next?
...are alkali trimers a « collection of three alkali pairs »?
Vtrimer
Vpairs
Soldan&Hutson, PRA 2003
Full calculations for Cs3
(R. Guérout, Poster P7 at FD142)
Thank you!