Transcript Королевская семья

Королевская семья
Федорченко Т.В.
Учитель английского языка
МОУ «Лицей№3»
Содержание
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Цели и задачи
Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom
Charles, Prince of Wales
Diana, Princess of Wales
The Monarchy Today
Smart Brains
Цели и задачи
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Elizabeth II of the
United Kingdom
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Queen Elizabeth II Reign 6 February 1952 – PresentCoronation 2 June 1953
Predecessor George VI Heir Apparent Charles, Prince of Wales Consort Philip,
Duke of Edinburgh Issue Charles, Prince of Wales
Anne, Princess Royal
Andrew, Duke of York
Edward, Earl of WessexRoyal HouseWindsorRoyal anthemGod Save the
QueenFatherGeorge VIMotherElizabeth Bowes-LyonBornApril 21, 1926
London, United KingdomElizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary Windsor) (born 21
April 1926) is Queen of 16 independent nations known as the Commonwealth
Realms. These are the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,
Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Jamaica, Barbados, the Bahamas, Grenada, Papua
New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the
Grenadines, Antigua and Barbuda, Belize, and Saint Kitts and Nevis. By the Statute of
Westminster 1931 she holds these positions equally; no one nation takes precedence
over any other. She is the world's only monarch who is simultaneously Head of State
of more than one independent nation, with realms in Europe, North and Central
America, the Caribbean, and Oceania. In legal theory she is one of the most powerful
heads of state in the world, although in practice she exercises very little executive
power personally—especially outside the United Kingdom.
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She became Queen of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South
Africa, Pakistan and Ceylon upon the death of her father, King George VI, on 6
February 1952. As other colonies of the British Commonwealth (now the
Commonwealth of Nations) attained independence from the UK during her reign she
acceded to the newly created thrones as Queen of each respective realm so that
throughout her 54 years on the throne she has been Monarch of 32 nations.
Elizabeth II has seen a number of her former territories and realms leave this shared
relationship and become kingdoms under a different dynasty, or republics. (See
Former Commonwealth Realms.)
Today about 128 million people live in the 16 countries of which she is head of state.
Elizabeth also holds the positions of Head of the Commonwealth, Lord High Admiral,
Supreme Governor of the Church of England styled (Defender of the faith) and Lord
of Mann. Following tradition, she is also styled Duke of Lancaster and Duke of
Normandy. She is also Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces in many of her
Realms.
Elizabeth is currently the fourth-longest-serving head of state in the world, after King
Bhumibol of Thailand and the fifth-longest serving British or English monarch. Her
reign of over half a century has seen ten different Prime Ministers of the United
Kingdom and numerous Prime Ministers in the other Commonwealth Realms of which
she is or was Head of State.
Charles, Prince of
Wales
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The Prince of Wales
The Prince Charles, Prince of Wales (Charles
Philip Arthur George Mountbatten-Windsor) (born
14 November 1948), is the eldest son of Queen
Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.
He is heir apparent to the thrones of the United
Kingdom and 15 other Commonwealth Realms.
He has held the title of Prince of Wales since 1958
and is styled HRH The Prince of Wales, and in
Scotland, HRH The Prince Charles, Duke of
Rothesay. Constitutionally he is the first in line to
the throne, but third in order of precedence,
following both The Queen and The Duke of
Edinburgh.
The Prince of Wales is well known for his
extensive charity work, particularly for the Prince's
Trust. He also carries out a full schedule of royal
duties and increasingly is taking on more royal
roles from his aging parents. The Prince is also
well known for his high-profile marriages to the
late Lady Diana Spencer and subsequently to
Camilla, The Duchess of Cornwall.
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An iconic presence on the world stage, Diana, Princess of Wales was noted
for her pioneering charity work. Yet her philanthropic endeavours were
overshadowed by her scandal-plagued marriage to Prince Charles. Her
bitter accusations via friends and biographers of adultery, mental cruelty
and emotional distress visited upon her, and her own admission of adultery
and numerous love affairs riveted the world for much of the 1990s,
spawning books, magazine articles and television movies.
From the time of her engagement to the Prince of Wales in 1981 until her
death in a car accident in 1997, the Princess was arguably the most famous
woman in the world, the pre-eminent female celebrity of her generation: a
fashion icon, an image of feminine beauty, admired and emulated for her
high-profile involvement in AIDS issues, and the international campaign
against landmines. During her lifetime, she was often referred to as the
most photographed person in the world. To her admirers, the Princess of
Wales was a role model - after her death, there were even calls for her to
be nominated for sainthood - while her detractors saw her life as a
cautionary tale of how an obsession with publicity can ultimately destroy an
individual.
As of 2006 the inquiry into her death by British police continues. It is
expected to report in 2007.
Family and marriage
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The Prince and Princess of Wales return from their
wedding at St Paul's Cathedral
Diana's family, the Spencers, had been close to the
British Royal Family for decades. Her maternal
grandmother, Ruth, Lady Fermoy, was a longtime
friend of, and a lady-in-waiting to Queen Elizabeth
the Queen Mother.
The Prince's love life had always been the subject
of press speculation, and he was linked to
numerous women. Nearing his mid-thirties, he was
under increasing pressure to marry. In order to
gain the approval of his family and their advisors,
including his great-uncle Lord Mountbatten of
Burma, any potential bride had to have an
aristocratic background[citation needed], could not
have been previously married, should be Protestant
and, preferably, a virgin. Diana fulfilled all of these
qualifications.
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Reportedly, the Prince's former girlfriend (and, eventually,
his second wife) Camilla Parker Bowles helped him select
the 19-year-old Lady Diana Spencer as a potential bride,
who was working as an assistant at the Young England
kindergarten in Pimlico. It was at this kindergarten school
that the famous iconic snap of a 19-year-old Lady Diana
Spencer was taken by John Minihan with the morning sun
to her back, her legs in silhouette through her skirt.
Buckingham Palace announced the engagement on 24
February 1981,and the wedding took place at St Paul's
Cathedral in London on Wednesday 29 July 1981 before
3,500 invited guests and an estimated 1 billion television
viewers around the world. (Comment: Similarly large
viewing audiences have been reported for television
audiences of the Academy Awards and the NFL Super Bowl,
but such numbers are not substantiated.) The acclaimed
New Zealand opera singer Kiri Te Kanawa sang Handel's
"Let the Bright Seraphim" at the wedding ceremony.
Diana was the first Englishwoman to marry the heir to the
throne since 1659, when Lady Anne Hyde married the Duke
of York and Albany, the future King James II (although,
unlike Charles, James was heir presumptive and not heir
apparent). Upon her marriage, Diana became Her Royal
Highness The Princess of Wales and was ranked as the
third most senior royal woman in the United Kingdom after
the Queen and the Queen Mother.
Diana’s Charity Work
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Starting in the mid-to-late 1980s, the Princess of Wales became well
known for her support of charity projects. This stemmed naturally from her
role as Princess of Wales and also as an interested supporter of various
health causes newly risen in the UK. Diana, Princess of Wales is
remembered for and credited with considerable influence in campaigns
against the use of landmines and helping the victims of AIDS.
[edit]
AIDS
In April 1987, the Princess of Wales was the first high-profile celebrity to
be photographed knowingly touching a person infected with the HIV virus.
Her contribution to changing the public opinion of AIDS sufferers was
summarised in December 2001 by Bill Clinton at the 'Diana, Princess of
Wales Lecture on AIDS', when he said:
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In 1987, when so many still believed that AIDS could be contracted
through casual contact, Princess Diana sat on the sickbed of a man
with AIDS and held his hand. She showed the world that people with
AIDS deserve no isolation, but compassion and kindness. It helped
change world opinion, and gave hope to people with AIDS with an
outcome of saved lives of people at risk.
Princess Diana also made clandestine visits to show kindness to terminally
ill AIDS patients. According to nurses, she would turn up unannounced, for
example, at the Mildmay Hospice in London, with specific instructions that
these visits were to be concealed from the media.
The Monarchy Today
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What is The Queen's role?
How is The Queen linked to the
Commonwealth?
Who funds the work of The
Queen and the Royal Family?
What does the Royal Household
do?
Find the answers to these and
other questions in this section.
What Is Constitutional Monarchy?
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Monarchy is the oldest form of government in the United Kingdom.
In a monarchy a king or queen is Head of State. The British monarchy is known as a
constitutional monarchy. This means that, while The Queen is Head of State, the ability to make
and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament. Although the British Sovereign no longer
has a political or executive role, he or she continues to play an important part in the life of the
nation.
As Head of State, The Queen undertakes constitutional and representational duties which have
developed over one thousand years of history. In addition to these State duties, The Queen has a
less formal role as 'Head of Nation'. She acts a focus for national identity, unity and pride; gives a
sense of stability and continuity; officially recognises success and excellence; and supports the
ideal of public and voluntary service.
In all these roles The Queen is supported by members of her immediate family.
Find out more about the role of the monarchy in this section.
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A history of how monarchy has developed
In a constitutional monarchy, an elected Parliament makes and
passes laws, and the Sovereign plays a ceremonial and
representational role. Read about the development of constitutional
monarchy, from the unruly barons of the thirteenth century to the
influential ideas of Victorian writer Walter Bagehot.
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THE QUEEN'S WORKING DAY:
A day in the life of Her Majesty
From audiences with ambassadors to a regional visit meeting local
people, no two days in the life of The Queen are ever the same.
Find out how a day in Her Majesty's official diary might look.
The Queen and the Commonwealth
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The Queen is Head of the Commonwealth, a voluntary association of 53
independent countries.
From Antigua to Zambia, the Commonwealth is a remarkable international
organisation, spanning every geographical region, religion and culture. It
exists to foster international co-operation and trade links between people all
over the world.
Some countries within the Commonwealth have The Queen as their
Sovereign, whilst remaining independent in the conduct of their own affairs.
They are known as Commonwealth realms.
The Queen and the Royal Family retain close links with the Commonwealth
realms, and with other members of the worldwide Commonwealth
organisation.
Read more about the Commonwealth organisation, and The Queen's
realms, in this section of the web site.
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How much do you know about Great Britain?
Task: choose the necessary word.
1. Great Britain … England, Scotland and Wales.
a) separate; b) includes; c) contribute.
2. England is the most … part of Great Britain.
a) kingdom; b) populated; c) valley.
3. William the Conqueror began to build the Tower for the … of protecting the city.
a) murder; b) purpose; c) rank.
4. Sometimes kings and queens were … in the Tower.
a) founder; b) prisoner; c) murdered.
5. Christopher Wren was … from repairing the Cathedral by the Great Plague.
a) kingdom; b) prevented; c) acoustics.
6. William Shakespeare was the poet of …fame.
a) universal; b) devote; c) contain.
7. Who … England in the 11th century?
a) remained; b) faith; c) conquered.
8. The word Britain … from Greek and Latin names.
a) produce; b) arrival; c) derives.
9. There are three … periods in the evolution of the English language.
a) ordinary; b) major; c) addition.
10. The term <Celtic> is often used to … the early inhabitants of the British Isles.
a) prehistoric; b) invaders; c) distinguish.
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Использованные материалы
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1 From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Queen Elizabeth II of England)
2 Official website of the British monarchy
http://www.royal.gov.uk