Transcript Rapid Intervention Team & MAYDAY Procedures

Rapid Intervention Team &
MAYDAY Procedures
4/10/2002
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SCOPE
This SOP meets or exceeds the intent of applicable
sections within Chapter 6, Emergency Operations, of
NFPA 1500, Standards on Fire Department
Occupational Safety and Health Program. It also
intends to meet requirements of the OSHA
Respirator Protection Standard 1910.134 and OSHA 2
in/2 out Rule 308-134e.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Purpose
The purpose of this Standard
Operating Procedure (SOP) is to
outline the procedures for
members entering an IDLH
atmosphere or working in and
environment recognized to be
unstable.
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Purpose
 Personnel assigned to perform this function
will be designated as the Rapid Intervention
Team (RIT).
 The composition and structure of the RIT
shall be flexible depending on the type, size
and complexity of the incident.
 Level 1 RIT will consist of no less
than two trained members.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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DEFINITIONS: IDLH
 Immediately dangerous to life or health
 Oxygen level below 19.5%
 Lower explosive limits in excess of 10%
 Toxins in excess of the Permissible Exposure
Level
 Confined space, collapse or any other
situation recognized to be unstable and could
cause injury.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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DEFINITIONS: IDLH
 An atmosphere that poses an
immediate threat to life
 Would cause irreversible adverse health
effects or would impair an individual’s ability
to escape from a dangerous atmosphere.
 The interior of a structure involved in fire,
beyond the incipient stage, is considered IDLH
atmosphere.
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Incipient Stage Fire:
 A fire in the initial stage
 Can be controlled or extinguished
using portable extinguishers, or small
hose systems
 Without the need for protective
clothing or self-contained breathing
apparatus.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Personal Accountability Report
(PAR)
 Report given to Command or
Operations that all members
of the crew are accounted
for.
 Periodically completed to
check on personnel.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Personal Accountability Report
(PAR)
Example
“Accountability to unit 3352W PAR?”
“Unit 3352W to Accountability we are
PAR w/four.”
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Level 1 RIT
 A team consisting of a minimum of two
trained members.
 Duties are to track, and rescue if
needed, emergency personnel:
 Who enter a structure involved in fire
beyond the incipient stage (IDLH
atmosphere)
 Who fall victim to an unstable situation (e.g.
confined space, collapse) at a emergency
scene.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Level 2 RIT
 A team consisting of a minimum of
four trained members
 Duties are the same as Level 1 RIT
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Multiple RIT teams shall
be referred to as:
RIT – 1, RIT – 2, etc.
Regardless of Level
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MAYDAY Procedures
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SPLITTING RAPID
INTERVENTION TEAMS
 RIT-1W The primary crew
 RIT-1X The secondary crew
 There shall be a minimum of two firefighters
assigned to each crew.
 Each crew shall be equipped with a
transceiver/radio.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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MAYDAY
 A verbal notification to the IC that immediate
action is required to rescue or assist
emergency personnel operating in
emergency incidents.
 May be declared by the individual(s) in
trouble or someone who identifies an
individual(s) is in trouble.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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RIT Group Leader
 Sector officer whose function is the
tracking of the entry teams and
command of rapid intervention
operations.
 Performs no other function but tracking,
RIT and/or Accountability if needed.
 Coordinates with Safety and
Accountability Officers, but reports
directly to command as noted on the
next slide
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MAYDAY Procedures
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IC
Operations
Fire Crews
Safety
RIT
Group Leader
Accountability
RIT 1
RIT 2
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MAYDAY Procedures
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RIT Kit: (Rescue equipment)
 Desirable equipment
 RIT Kit
 Transceiver
 Secured hand-line
 Forcible entry tools
 Rescue rope
 Hand light
 TIC
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RIT Kit: (Rescue equipment)
 After conducting a size-up of the incident
scene, RIT may determine the need for
additional equipment not listed.
 RIT shall attempt to obtain this equipment by
utilizing the apparatus at the incident scene.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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RIT Kit: (Rescue equipment)
 RIT Kit to have as a minimum the following
equipment. SCBA cylinder, spare mask, regulator,
flashlight, search rope, door chocks and wire cutters.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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IMPLEMENTATION:
 RIT shall be implemented during the initial
stages of an incident.
 Multiple RITs may be established on large
incidents (numbers assigned like sectors)
 RITs shall be assigned to the RIT Group
Leader.
 RIT Group Leader will report to command.
 If a RIT Group Leader is not designated, then
RIT will report directly to the IC.
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IMPLEMENTATION:
 RIT shall report to the Command Post
unless given a different assignment. A
RIT kit from each dept. operating on the
scene is needed.
 After RIT surveys the incident scene, RIT
shall gather and/or call for any additional
tools or equipment, not carried in the RIT Kit
that may be needed to affect a rescue.
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IMPLEMENTATION:
 RIT shall place the equipment on a tarp
in their designated sector.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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IMPLEMENTATION:
 The RIT Group Leader is responsible
for the tracking of the Entry Teams.
 RIT Group Leader shall work with the
Accountability Officer when possible.
 If Accountability Officer is not
available, the RIT Group Leader will be
responsible for tracking entry teams.
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IMPLEMENTATION:
 RIT members, except for RIT Group
Leader, may be utilized for other
support activities at the incident.
 HOWEVER, these activities shall not,
if abandoned due to rescue
operations, place any personnel at
additional risks.
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IMPLEMENTATION:
 RIT members must maintain visual or voice
contact with one another at all times.
 RIT shall announce, via radio to the IC, that
RIT has been established.
 RIT members shall utilize the information
from their on-going scene size-up to help
determine the type of rescue that they may
encounter.
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Entry Team:
 No Entry Team shall enter into an IDLH
until RIT has been established. (See
Exceptions to Two-In/Two-Out)
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Exceptions to Two-In/Two-Out:
 If the initial attack personnel find a known life
hazard situation where immediate action
could prevent the loss of life, deviation from
the two-in/two-out standard may be
permitted.
 If rescue operations are initiated without an
RIT in place, Command shall be notified and
an RIT shall be established as available crews
can be assigned.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Exceptions to Two-In/Two-Out:
 A written report of deviation from this SOP
containing all pertinent information including the
source of the reported rescue and the outcome shall
be submitted by the Company Commander to the
Safety Officer.
 The Safety Officer, after reviewing the written report
of deviation, shall forward a report to the Chief.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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MAYDAY Procedures:
 Anytime emergency personnel operating on
an incident feel they are trapped, injured or
lost, they shall signal a MAYDAY alert.
 Immediately following the MAYDAY alert,
those personnel shall activate their
“emergency identification button” on their
transceiver
 They shall also activate the manual alarm on
their PASS device.
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MAYDAY Procedures:
 They shall transmit the “ MAYDAY” via radio by
announcing in increments of three “MAYDAY,
MAYDAY, MAYDAY” followed by a radio message to
IC identifying themselves along, their location, and
situation.
 Information pertaining to the location should be as
specific as possible.
 Repeat until acknowledged.
 Radio or anyone else who feels this transmission is
not being heard should immediately relay this
information to command.
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MAYDAY Example
“MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY, this is
unit 7132W, I am located on the first
floor side 2-3 and a firefighter has
fallen through the floor into the
basement, send help”.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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MAYDAY Procedures:
 Command shall deploy the necessary resources
needed to assist with a rescue.
 Other members operating on the scene should be
aware of the “MAYDAY” situation. However, they
must continue with their assigned tasks. The task
they are currently performing may very well limit
injury to the person or persons in distress as well as
assist the RIT team.
 Upon the MAYDAY call, a Personal Accountability
Report (PAR) shall be initiated.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Rapid Intervention Procedures
 RIT will only be deployed upon orders from
the Incident Commander (IC)
 When RIT is deployed, the rescue shall come
under the command of the RIT Group Leader.
 Other members must continue with their
assigned tasks.
 Fire suppression units may be switched to
another channel so as not to interfere with
RIT rescue activities.
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Rapid Intervention Procedures
 A backup RIT shall be established whenever
the initial RIT is deployed.
 Upon the report of a lost or trapped
firefighter(s) the RIT Group Leader will
immediately concentrate RIT members
efforts on rescue and abandon support
activities.
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Rapid Intervention Implementation
 RIT Group Leader shall compare information
with the Accountability Officer in determining
the last known location of the missing
personnel.
 In the event that an Accountability Officer
has not been assigned the RIT Group Leader
will handle accountability.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Rapid Intervention Implementation
 The individual(s) who has declared a
MAYDAY or is missing shall be identified
from the PAR.
 RIT shall be deployed to the last known
location of the lost or trapped personnel.
 RIT should follow hose lines or routine
search patterns and consider standard
operating tactics while searching for lost
personnel.
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Rapid Intervention Procedures
 When RIT locates a downed firefighter(s) they
shall notify the RIT Group Leader by name
who they have located, their location and
status.
 RIT shall advise the actions being taken to
remove them or if additional assistance is
needed.
 If a self-rescue or a quick grab and go rescue
is not possible, RIT members shall use the
“AWARE” principle.
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AWARE Principle:
 Trapped emergency responder’s hopes of
survival depend on the following four critical
needs.
1. Air: RIT should first provide the victim with a
redundant (primary & secondary) supply of air.
2. Water: If the rescue involves fire, the next
consideration is to provide a defensible space
for the victim by using a hose line or distributor
to protect the victim.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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AWARE Principle:
3. A Radio: If the victim is conscious and able to
communicate, RIT may want to provide the
trapped victim with a transceiver to monitor his
condition. Depending upon the size of the
incident, a separate radio channel may be
designated for the victim to use.
4. Extrication: Removal of the victim.
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Rapid Intervention Procedures
 RIT should give the estimated time it will
take to complete the rescue and advise the
RIT Group Leader or Command of their
plan.
 The RIT Group Leader shall assign
additional Rapid Intervention Teams to
assist as needed.
 A Level II RIT shall be in place as soon as
staffing allows during an active RIT
operation.
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Termination of RIT:
 RIT can only be terminated when the
incident does not meet one of the
definitions of an IDLH.
 Or when responders are not in a Confined
space, collapse or any other situation
recognized to be unstable that could cause
injury.
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QUIZ
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QUIZ
1. Level 1 RIT will consist of no less
a)
b)
c)
d)
than ___________ trained
firefighter(s).
1
2
3
4
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QUIZ
2. The interior structure involved in fire,
a)
b)
c)
d)
beyond the incipient stage is
considered an ____________
atmosphere.
PAR
BLEVE
IDLH
RIT
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QUIZ
3. A team consisting of a minimum of four
trained firefighters whose duties are to
track, and rescue if needed, emergency
personnel that enter a structure involved in
fire beyond the incipient stage.
a) Level 1 RIT
b) Level 2 RIT
c) Level 3 RIT
d) Level 4 RIT
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QUIZ
4. Trapped emergency responder’s
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
hopes of survival may depend on
which of the following four needs?
Air
Water
Radio
Extrication
All the above
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QUIZ
5. The RIT Group Leader is a sector
officer who reports directly to _______.
a) The Incident Commander
b) A Company Officer
c) The Safety Officer
d) No one, he/she is in charge
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QUIZ
6. A verbal notification to the Incident
Commander that immediate action is
required to rescue or assist emergency
personnel operating in emergency
incident.
a) PAR
b) RIT
c) MAYDAY
d) AWARE
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ
7. If rescue operations are initiated
without a RIT in place, the company
officer must _________________.
a) resign
b) submit a written report of deviation
c) be counseled
d) demoted
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ
8. A report given to command or
Operations that all members of the
crew are accounted for.
a) TIC
b) AWARE
c) IDLH
d) PAR
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QUIZ
9. When a Level 2 Rapid Intervention
Team is split up into two crews. The
crews are identified as RIT-1W and
RIT-1X.
a) True
b) False
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QUIZ
10. The Rapid Intervention Team can be
terminated at any time as long as it
was set up initially.
a) True
b) False
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ
Answers
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ Answers
1. Level 1 RIT will consist of no less
a)
b)
c)
d)
than ___________ trained
firefighter(s).
1
2
3
4
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ Answers
2. The interior structure involved in fire,
a)
b)
c)
d)
beyond the incipient stage is
considered an ____________
atmosphere.
PAR
BLEVE
IDLH
RIT
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ Answers
3. A team consisting of a minimum of four
trained firefighters whose duties are to
track, and rescue if needed, emergency
personnel that enter a structure involved
in fire beyond the incipient stage.
a) Level 1 RIT
b) Level 2 RIT
c) Level 3 RIT
d) Level 4 RIT
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ Answers
4. Trapped emergency responder’s
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
hopes of survival may depend on
which of the following four needs?
Air
Water
Radio
Extrication
All the above
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ Answers
5. The RIT Group Leader is a sector
officer who reports directly to _______.
a) The Incident Commander
b) A Company Officer
c) The Safety Officer
d) No one, he/she is in charge
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ Answers
6. A verbal notification to the Incident
Commander that immediate action is
required to rescue or assist emergency
personnel operating in emergency
incident.
a) PAR
b) RIT
c) MAYDAY
d) AWARE
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ Answers
7. If rescue operations are initiated
without a RIT in place, the company
officer must _________________.
a) resign
b) submit a written report of deviation
c) be counseled
d) demoted
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ Answers
8. A report given to command or
Operations that all members of the
crew are accounted for.
a) TIC
b) AWARE
c) IDLH
d) PAR
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ Answers
9. When a Level 2 Rapid Intervention
Team is split up into two crews. The
crews are identified as RIT-1W and
RIT-1X.
a) True
b) False
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MAYDAY Procedures
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QUIZ Answers
10. The Rapid Intervention Team can be
terminated at any time as long as it
was set up initially.
a) True
b) False
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MAYDAY Procedures
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Any questions or comments
concerning the Rapid Intervention
S.O.P. or the PowerPoint Presentation
can be forwarded to the Jefferson
County Instructors Association.
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MAYDAY Procedures
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