Enhancing the Rice-Wheat System Productivity in the More Marginal Areas of the Indo Gangetic Plains- Building on A Farmer Innovation in Water Harvesting and Efficient Energy Management (TAG NO. 522-CIMMYT)

A UN-IFAD Project

RCTs and

Micro Hydro Turbo Pump System

LAND INTEGRATION WATER

Head of water

Rotary M ode Of Turbine

Turbo pump system

Sluice gate Water flow

30-70 rpm 0-25 kW power Gear Box Gear ratio (1:20-40)

Milling flour

Required capacity pumps or alternators

electricity

Rpm (30 to 1500 rpm)

irrigation

History

•Vedic Age •From 4000BC till Date •Noriahs:Greek •Vitrovian wheels •Fuling mill: John Pearson Figure (undershot) Smearrn & Bossut 1759(n th experiment) To today's Mangal Water Wheel Has undergone no Much technological Advances even if Various scientific systems have Reached optimal advances. undershot

Why have these efforts not borne fruit in Indian Sub-continent?

• •

•

Technical Feasibility….1

Mind set : Village sites are remote & bound to be un-competitive

–

low productivity & quality

–

Maximum people socially illiterate, suspicious of modern technology

No systematic efforts by technical institutions to innovate technologies, management practices for decentralized production---limited expertise Technical education oriented towards organized sector alone

OUR PATH TO DEVELOPMENT

Road Map f or Pr omoting Energ y Manage men t Integrating Hydr o P ower & RCTs Action Ste ps

Step - 1

Developing Technically Successful P rotot ypes wit h sat isfactory performance at lab unit

Re s ponsi bilities IIT/ Agro. Uni v.

Step -2 Step - 3

Fu rther de veloping the RC T & Tu rbo prototypes with satis factory fiel d trials IIT D C IMMYT

Step – 4

Pre paration of Com ple te s pe cifi cations for techn ology trans fer IIT D I denti f i ca ti o n of Pros pecti ve Ma nuf a cturer & Wo rks ho p I I TD C i m m yt

Step -5

Cimmyt Product de vel opmen t and produ cti on of sam ple prototypes Ma nuf a c turer I I TD

Step -6

Promoti on of Sam ple prototypes at appli cation si tes Cimmyt

Step 7

Sys tem in tegration of energy conserving de vi ces wi th various RC Ts Cimmyt

Step -8

Evo l vi ng co m m erci a l viabili ty fo r a ppro pri a te rura l A g ri cul ture Sys tem s Cimmyt

Step -9 St ep -1 0

Di s s em i na tio n – Tra i ni ng , ena bl i ng entrepren eur f i na nci ng , Ma rketi ng s uppo rt I ntro ducti o n o f N ew Fa rm i ng Metho d f o r Pro f i ta bil i ty Cimmyt

Start Specify flow rate and head Calculate flow power Power requirement?

Procedure: Micro Hydro Turbo System Design Flow or head enough for required power production Yes No Require water storage and P E utilization?

Power can be produced Start Turbine Design ` Select turbine speed as per power consuming device No. of vanes to be kept odd Material for manufacture according to availability: (best M, S material) Design for assembly of the system; turbine, power transmission devices, pump or alternator as required Install & stop

Comparative Study of Original Design and that of R&D Picture 1: With Dr BK Saha I A S Picture 2:With native Villagers Place: River “SAJNAM” in Village Bhailoni Lodh,Lalitpur,Uttar Pradesh, India

Mangal Turbine (Old design) (Farmers Version) New Turbine (Design I) (CIMMYT RWC-IIT Delhi)

Comparative Study of Original Design and that after R&D

Specifications

Weight of turbine Outer diameter of wheel Wheel speed No. Of blades Head Water consumption Flow turning angle Blade width Blade depth Gear box Material Specific Speed Pump discharge Output power Efficiency Cost of wheel Cost of gear box

Farmers Version Mangal turbine

1500 kg 4.0 m 13 RPM 24 1.5m

1800 lit/sec 70 o 49 o for Big blade for Small blade Big blade = 670 mm Small blade = 435 mm Big blade = 235mm Small blade = 100 mm 3 stages Gear Ratio 1:125 M.S.

75 RPM 22 lit/sec 6 KW 22.7% 80,000 120,000

New Design I Mangal Turbine

350 kg 1.26m

70 RPM 14 1.5m

500 lit/sec 110 o (One type blade only) 380mm 100mm 2 stages Gear Ratio 1: 21.54

M.S.

3771RPM 22 lit/sec 6 KW 72% $1800 $2700 7,000 14,000 $160 $320

Turbo pump system

Local resources from surrounding villages Services & Employment ADMN. OFFICE OFFICE H R D Researche rs Productio n Managers Marketing Personnel Finance assistan ce Conceptual Design & Layout towards Farm Profitability & Energy Management Integrating RCTs and Hydro Power Local hydro resources from surrounding villages/waste drains etc.

Zero Run-Off Concept of Water Harvesting V.I.

Flour Mill

Quality seed Electricity

PRODUCTS MARKETING RCTs Micro Hydro Water Wheel Water shed POWER-HOUSE with EFFICIENT Consumables Aforesta tion+wat er table

Ferti seed manage ment Soil up gradatio n

turbo power STORAGE INTEGRATION REGULATION POWER FERTILITY H 2 0 SUPPLY SERVICES DAM STORAGE Subsidisedmanufactu re in workshop ELECTRIC Supply FLOUR MILLING FISHERIES ENERGY PLANTATION WASTE LAND AFORESTATION Reduction in GHG PRODUCTION F.P

F.P

F.P

Less Irrigation costs, Improved Quality and timing of Crop, Cut in C fuel usage, Electrification, Improved Water Table, Optimal Ferti use, R & M ECO-TECHNO UPLIFTED FARMERS IN IGP RURAL ENGG., TURBO m/c,RCTs WORKSHOPS RAW-MATERIAL PROCUREMENT-STORAGE

HISTORY

• • • • The first reference to its use dates back to about 4000 B.C., where, in a poem by an early Greek writer, Antipater, it tells about the freedom from the toil of young women who operated small hand mills to grind corn.

As early as the first century, waterwheels of the vertical design were replacing the horizontal waterwheel.

An early horizontal-wheeled watermill used for grinding grain in Greece was the called Norse Mill. In Syria, the watermills were called "noriahs". They were used for running mills to process cotton into cloth. Of the three distinct types of water mills, – The simplest and probably the earliest was a vertical wheel with paddles on which the force of the stream acted. – Next was the horizontal wheel used for driving a millstone through a vertical shaft attached directly to the wheel. – Third was the geared mill driven by a vertical waterwheel with a horizontal shaft

In Modern Times What do We Value the Most ?

Vitamin M

MONEY WEALTH

This integrated technology that has got adopted & is the one that has brought profits for the poor farmers In remote IGP

Specification Comparative study on development of Micro hydro water wheel Farmer’s version Bhailoni Village Lalitpur,UP New Design I (Semera Village) Lalitpur,UP New Design II (KVK, Sonipat) Haryana Diameter in m Head at site in m Power developed Water utilized to run Pump discharge efficiency No. of blades Principle Cost of wheel Cost of gear box 4 1.5

6kw 1800l/s 22 l/s 40%[t] 20%[p] 24 impulse $1800 $2700 1.26

1.5

6kw 400l/s 22l/s 72%[t] 68%[p] 14 impulse $160 $320 1.5

1 5kw 450l/s 22l/s 86%[t] 76%[p] 15 impulse $170 $400