Transcript Slide 1


INTRODUCTION: HEALTH, GOOD HEALTH, HEALTH EDUCATION

PERSONAL HYGIENE

WHAT IS DISEASES?

NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

SIGN AND SYMPTOMS OF DANGEROUS DISEASES
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THE CONCEPT OF WELLNESS
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SPIRITUAL AND SOCIAL WELLNESS

EMOTIONAL AND INTELLECTUAL WELLNESS

OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL WELLNESS

PHYSICAL WELLNESS AND BENEFIT OF EXERCISES
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SEX EDUCATION; RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTS AND CHILDREN
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REVISION AND TEST
Good health is one of our most cherished possessions, one that is
often taken for granted until it is lost. Some people convincingly argue that
everything else in life is secondary to good health for man, it is not difficult to
recall instances when life’s goals, academic, career or family; small or large;
immediate or long-range, seemed unimportant because of sudden illness or
a long-term debilitating health crisis.
The World Health Organization (WHO) described health as the state
of complete physical, mental and social well-being, not merely absence of
diseases or infirmity. The ideal person who is in this kind of state will be almost
impossible to get. Certain factors such as age, heredity, environment,
among others, make it very difficult to see such an ideal human being.
Fortunately, the prospects of good health for Americans have never
been better. The extent to which good health is realized is contingent on
many factors. Chief among these factors are our actions and the choices
we make. We can make choices that will promote health and well being,
prevent or delay the premature onsets of many chronic illnesses, and
improve our quality of life through Health education.
The Joint Committee on Health Education and Promotion Terminology
of 2001 defined Health Education as "any combination of planned
learning experiences based on sound theories that provide individuals,
groups, and communities the opportunity to acquire information and the
skills needed to make quality health decisions."The World Health
Organization defined Health Education as "comprising of consciously
constructed
opportunities
for
learning
involving
some
form
of
communication designed to improve health literacy, including improving
knowledge, and developing life skills which are conducive to individual
and community health.“
Health education can also be defined as the information and
knowledge that can promote an individual health status. Health education
is useless except if it is put into practice. The knowledge of health must be
practice in our daily activities.
Staying healthy is not just a matter of common sense. Rather it is a life
long process that requires self-awareness, introspection, reflection, inquiry
accurate information, and action. This process relies on the concept of
wellness and implies that each of us has the opportunity and the obligation
to assume responsibility for factors that are under our control and to shape
our health destiny.
Personal hygiene is the process of maintaining good health
through maintaining a clean body and environment around us.
Good hygiene is one of the most important practices to help with the
prevention and spreading of infections and diseases.
Cleanliness is of great importance in the prevention of many kinds of
infections – infections of the gut, the skin, the eyes, lungs and the whole
body. According to Encarta dictionary, Personal Hygiene is defined as the
science dealing with the preservation of individual health or the practice of
individual cleanliness.
Personal hygiene requires the cleaning of all parts of the body (face,
hair, body, legs and hands). The face and hair have to be cleaned because
they accumulate germs, emit bad odours and make us dull reflecting one’s
worth. Skin diseases such as ringworm, scabies, sweat fungi, etc., can also
occur. The hands and finger nails have to be cleaned because the germs in
between the fingers and finger nails cause contagious diseases such as
diarrhea, worms, etc., and epidermophytosis. The teeth and mouth have to be
cleaned because they emit bad odours, cause mouth and dental diseases
such as cavities, gingivitis, etc., and stomach disorders due to indigestion.
Thus, one’s face hair, body, legs and hands should be cleaned
thoroughly, and the teeth brushed properly. Ears, an important part of the
human body, should be kept clean and carefully protected from injury.
Practice of personal hygiene should be carried out as daily, weekly, and
monthly activities.
Maintaining Personal Hygiene
Good physical and emotional health helps our bodies and minds
function properly without pain, anxiety, depression or discomfort. Improper
hygiene can cause diseases, which can negatively impact our physical &
mental well-being. Poor hygiene causes us to smell bad (due to bacteria),
develop infections, and contact diseases such as flu, common cold, e-coli,
salmonella, and skin diseases such as ring worm, and scabies. Other
problems such as tooth decay, lice in the hair, and foot infections are also
caused due to poor hygiene.
Maintaining personal hygiene require:
• Washing hands, face, hair and other parts of body, frequently
• Brushing/cleaning teeth at least twice a day
• Cleaning the living quarters including frequent change of clean bed
sheets, pillow covers, and changing personal clothes and under
garments, frequently
• Using care to avoid soling clothes and body parts, when urinating,
vomiting or relieving oneself in toilet
• Washing hand before eating- especially after touching animals
• Holding a tissue/handkerchief over the mouth when coughing or
sneezing. If you use hands, make sure to wash them afterwards
• Suppression of habits such as nose-picking, touching the face etc.
• Not biting nails
• Washing hands after using toilet
CONSEQUENCES OF NOT MAINTAINING GOOD HYGIENE
The following health related problems can occur if one does not maintain
good personal hygiene:
Head Lice: Lice are tiny insects that live on the human scalp; they make a
pinprick like puncture on the scalp, emit an anti clotting substance and feed
on the blood as nourishment. Lice thrive on unclean hair. Children are
especially prone to lice infestation. Lice spread from one head to another
when there is close contact, such in school environments. Lice eggs are
wrapped in a shiny white sheath and show up on the upper layers of hair as the
infestation increases. They make the scalp itchy and are a cause of
annoyance and embarrassment. In infants they may cause disturbed sleep
and bouts of crying. Unchecked, they can produce scalp infection.
Bad Breath: Poor oral hygiene and infection of gums often results in a bad odor
emanating from the mouth. Smoking can make this worse. Proper brushing of
the teeth and oral care can get rid of bad breath. Other reasons for bad
breath are include colds, sinuses, throat infections, tonsils, diseases of the
stomach, liver, intestines or uncontrolled diabetes. If bad breath persists despite
good oral hygiene care, you need to see a doctor.
Ear wax: Ear wax accumulates in the ear canal that leads from the
outer ear to the ear drum. As the secretion comes out of the ear it
collects dust particles. Do not reach farther than you can with your little
finger into your ear to clean it. Putting in hairpins, safety pins or blunt
edged objects for cleaning inner parts of the ear might harm the ear.
Ear wax should be cleaned by your doctor.
Body odor: Fresh perspiration, when allowed to evaporate does not
cause body odor. An offensive smell is caused when bacteria that are
present on the skin get to work on the sweat and decompose it. This is
especially so in the groin, underarms, and feet or in clothing that has
absorbed sweat. Diet influences the odor too. Bathing everyday day
and change of clothes in close contact with the body should take care
of the problem. Talcum powders, of the non medicated kind, can be
used under the armpits. The addition of perfumes masks the odor.
Excessive perspiration can lead to the scaling of the skin or
inflammation (Dermatitis). Usually this is no cause for worry. Some
people sweat more than others due to hereditary and body
composition factors. Excessive perspiration may also be a symptom of
diabetes, anemia and hyperthyroidism.
Urinary infection: Urinary infection causes pain or a burning sensation
during urination. Chances of urinary infection increase during pregnancy
and after major surgery. The urine can be discolored; itching, frequent
urination, fever and chills can also result from urinary infection. To avoid
this infection, improve overall hygiene, both – toilets and personal parts.
Wash or wipe front to back after urinating or defecating. Remember this
when wiping or washing babies too, as a general rule. Do not wear tight
fitting synthetic underwear. Drink plenty of water. Do not hold back
when you have the tendency to urinate. If the condition persists consult
a doctor.
Pinworms: These worms come out of the anal opening to lay eggs at
night causing intense itching. Disturbed sleep, mild pain and diarrhea
are possible consequences. When scratching, eggs stick to the hand
and under the nails and infect anything the person touches. The eggs
can pass through air or by contact with infected food or bed linen. The
eggs cannot be killed by is infectants and remain active in the dust for a
long period. Bed clothes, undergarments and nightwear of the infected
person must be washed thoroughly in hot water. A doctor has to be
consulted to treat the worm infestation; sometimes all member of the
family may be asked to take de-worming medication when one
member is affected. Those infected, must scrub hands well with soap
before eating.
Athletes Foot (Ring worm of the foot): A certain fungus that breeds in
warm wet places – causes this infection, resulting in scaly skin or sores
or blisters between toes - often spreading to the soles. Sometimes
these skins cracks and sores become the site for other infections. Rub
off peelings gently. Wash feet well and apply powder. A mild
fungicidal ointment at bedtime will help. Keep feet exposed. If you
have to wear shoes, wear cotton socks; if the blisters begin to ooze
seek professional help from your doctor.
Sickness is brought on by a violation of the laws of health. By observing
the laws of health and caring well for the body, it is possible to avoid at least
eighty percent of the sickness with which the majority of the people are
afflicted. Observance of the laws of health brings that blessing which all men
desire, namely, long life. Disregard of the laws of health brings upon one those
calamities which all men fear, diseases.
Human Disease, in medicine, any harmful change that interferes with
the normal appearance, structure, or function of the body or any of its parts.
Since time immemorial, disease has played a role in the history of societies. It
has affected—and been affected by—economic conditions, wars, and
natural disasters. Indeed, the impact of disease can be far greater than
better-known calamities. An epidemic of influenza that swept the globe in
1918 killed from 20 million to 50 million people—two to five times more deaths
than were caused by World War I (1914-1918).
Within a few months, more than 500,000 Americans died of the 1918 influenza
known as the Spanish flu.
Many people erroneously think that disease is an unavoidable calamity.
Physicians and scientists have now demonstrated that diseases are due to specific
causes. Some diseases are due to the body’s not being supplied with the proper
kinds of nourishment; beriberi is such a diseases. There are diseases that are caused
by poisons entering the body; such a disease is phosphorus poisoning, which is
often contracted by those who work in match factories. Diseases may be brought
on by wrong habits; for example, wrong habits of eating may cause indigestion.
Many ailments are caused by bacteria, virus, amoebae and worms. Most physical
disabilities, however, have their foundation in wrong habits of thinking.
Diseases have diverse causes, which can be classified into two broad
groups:
Communicable
and
Non-communicable
diseases.
Communicable
diseases can spread from one person to another and are caused by microscopic
organisms that invade the body.
Non-communicable diseases are not communicated from person to
person and do not have, or are not known to involve, infectious
agents. Some diseases, such as the common cold, are acute, coming
on suddenly and lasting for no more than a few weeks. Other diseases,
such as arthritis, are chronic, persisting for months or years, or recurring
frequently.
COMMUNICABLE DISEAES
This is a disease that can be transmitted from person
or from lower animals to man directly or indirectly which
can also be contagious or infectious. Healthy persons must
be protected from people with these sicknesses.
EXAMPLES
Organism that
causes the
sickness
Bacteria
(microbes or
germs)
OF COMMUNICABLE OR INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Name of the
How it is spread
Principal
sickness
or enters the
medicine
body
Tuberculosis
Through the air
Antibiotics
(coughing)
Tetanus
Some diarrhea
Pneumonia
(some kinds)
Gonorrhea and
Syphilis
Earache
Infected wounds
Sores with pus
Dirty wounds
Dirty fingers,
water, flies
Through the air
(coughing)
Sexual contact
With a cold
Contact with
dirty things
Direct contact
(by touch)
Virus (germs
smaller than
bacteria)
Fungus
Internal parasites
(harmful animals
living in the body)
External parasites
(harmful animals
living in the body)
Colds, flu, measles,
mumps,
chickenpox,
infantile paralysis,
virus diarrhea
From someone
who is sick,
through the air, by
coughing, flies, etc.
Aspirin and other
painkillers (there
are no medicines
that fight viruses
effectively.
Antibiotics do not
help.) Vaccinations
help to prevent
some virus
infections.
Rabies
Warts
Ringworm
Athlete’s foot jock
itch
Animal bites
Touch
By touch or from
clothing
In the gut: worms
amebas (dysentery)
Feces-to-mouth
Lack of cleanliness
Sulfur and vinegar
ointment:
undecylenic,
benzoic, salicylic
acid griseofulvin
Different specific
medicines
In the blood:
malaria
Lice
Fleas
Bedbugs
Scabies
Mosquito bite
Chloroquine
By contact with
infected people or
their clothes
Insecticides,
lindane
NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Non-communicable diseases do not spread from person to
person. They have other causes. Therefore, it is important to know
which sickness are infectious and which are not.
Non-Communicable or Non-Infectious diseases have many
different causes. But they are never caused by germs, bacteria, or
other living organisms that attack the body. They never spread from
one person to another spread from one person to another. It is
important to realize that antibiotics, or medicines that fight germs do
not help cure non-infectious diseases.
EXAMPLES OF NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Problems caused by Problems caused by something Problems caused by a lack of
something that wears from outside that harms or something the body needs:
out or goes wrong within troubles the body:
Malnutrition
the body:
Pellagra
Rheumatism
Allergies
Anemia
Heat attach
Asthma
Goiter
Epileptic fits
Poison
Cirrhosis of the liver
Stroke
Snakebite
(part of the cause)
Migraines
Cough from smoking
Cataract
Stomach usher
Cancer
Alcoholism
Problems people are born with:
Problems that begin in mind (mental illness)
Harelip
epileptic (some Fear that something is harmful when it is not
kinds)
(paranoia)
Crossed or wall-eyes retarded (backward) Nervous worry (anxiety)
Other deformities
children
Belief in hexes (witchcraft)
Birthmarks
Uncontrollable fear
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF DANGEROUS DISEASES
Loss of large amounts of blood from anywhere in the body
Coughing up blood
Marked blueness of lips and nails (if it is new)
Great difficulty in breathing, does not improve with health
The person is so weak he faints when he stands up
A day or more without being able to urinate
The person cannot be wakened (coma)
A day or more without being able to drink any liquids
Heavy vomiting or severe diarrhea that lasts for more than one day or more
than a few hours in babies
Black stools like tar, or vomit with blood or feces
Strong, continuous stomach pains with vomiting in a person who does not
have diarrhea or cannot have a bowel movement
Any strong continuous pain that lasts for more than 3 days
Stiff neck with arched back, with or without a stiff jaw
More than one fit (convulsions) in someone with fever or serious illness
High fever (above 39o C) that cannot be brought down or that lasts more
than 4 or 5 days
Weight loss over an extended time
Blood in the urine
Sores that keep growing and do not go away with treatment
A lump in any part of the body that keeps getting bigger
Wellness, according toe Fahey, Insell and Roth (2003), is used to
describe the situation where persons rise above their physical, mental or
social limitation to live rich, meaningful, vital lives. Wellness implies that
though one might have one forum or another disease or infirmity, he still
able to perform his daily tasks while striving to achieve the ideal health
status of the WHO. This make wellness a dynamic and an individualized
process.
It is individual who is performing his normal daily tasks despite the
presence of an infirmity or not. It is the person who is striving to be free from
all forms of diseases and infirmities, and be in a state of complete physical,
mental and social well being. It could therefore be surmised that while
health is an ideal end worthy of achievement wellness is the process of
reaching the ideal state called health. Individual’s abilities to strive for this
ideal health status, the process known as wellness, differ and could be
measurable.
Wellness is defined as a life-long process that at any given time
produces a positive state of personal well being; of feeling good about you;
of optimal physical, psychological and social functioning; and the control
and minimization of both internal and external risk factors for both diseases
and negative health conditions.
It continued by saying that, wellness is a process rather than a goal. It
implies a choice, a way of life. It means integrating the body, mind and
spirit. It symbolizes acceptance of you. It suggests that what you believe,
feel and do has influence on your health. However, it does not imply that
we make the best choice in every situation.
Benefits of Living a Wellness Lifestyle
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The national wellness Institute, (1997) outlined wellness benefits which says that ‘A
wellness lifestyle offers the following benefits’
Increase energy level and productivity at work and school
Decrease absenteeism from school and work
Decreases recovery time after illness and injury
Supplies the body with proper nutrients
Improves awareness of personal needs and the ways to meet them
Expands and develops intellectual abilities
Increase the ability to communicate emotions to others and to act assertively rather
than aggressively or passively.
Promotes the attitude that life’s difficulties are challenges and opportunities rather
than overwhelming threats.
Increases ability to cope with stress and resist depression.
Improve the cardio-respiratory system
Increases muscle tone, strength, flexibility and endurance
Improve physical appearance
Help prevent or delay the premature onset of some forums of chronic disease
Regulates and improves overall body function
Promote self confidence
Delays the ageing process
Promotes social awareness and the ability to reach out to, understand and care
about others.
SPIRITUAL WELLNESS
Spiritual wellness refers to when our values and beliefs are aligned with
our actions and we can live in a state of harmony with the outer world while
balancing our inner needs.
Spirituality is a belief in a source of value that transcends the boundaries
of the self but also nurtures the self. Everyone has a personal perception of
spirituality. The spiritual components provides meaning and direction in life
and enables you to grow, learn and meet new challenges. Spiritual wellness
includes developing a strong sense of values, ethics, and morals. It overlaps
with the emotional components of wellness. While spirituality may relate to
religious percepts, it does not necessarily adhere to any particularly religious
structure.
Going to church or participating as a member of a spiritual
community is a great way to foster your Spiritual Wellness. There are
also a variety of simple spiritual practices that can help you get
connected anytime, anyplace:
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Meditate. Simply meditating for five minutes can help clear your
mind and reconnect your heart with the bigger picture. Just sit
quietly and breathe deeply for five minutes and let go of all thought.
May sound like a challenge, but repeatedly trying five minute
meditation sessions over time will help you learn a new way of
seeing the world.
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Pray. Whatever your spiritual practice, you can pray. Essentially, prayer is a
meditation on your beliefs and connecting with whatever higher power you
ascribe to. Simply speaking in this way to your higher power for a few
minutes reminds you that you’re not alone.
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Read something inspirational. There’s an affirmation, meditation or uplifting
spiritual message out there for every moment and every spiritual thought.
When you’re in need of a spiritual lift, reading something inspirational can
help you strengthen that connection and send you soaring.
SOCIAL WELLNESS
Social wellness involves building healthy, loving, and supportive relationships with your
family, friends, colleagues, and significant other. Our relationships have a significant impact
on the happiness and fulfillment we feel in our lives. They provide us with a support system to
get
through
life's
challenges
and
bear
witness
to
life's
joys
and
triumphs.
Social means having the ability to interact successfully with people and one’s personal
environment. Social health is the ability to develop and maintain intimacy with others and to
have respect and tolerance for those with different opinions and beliefs. There are
numerous studies report on the advantages patients surrounded by a network of family and
friends have over patients without a social support system in recovering from surgery or
coping with chronic conditions.
Murphy (1998), purported that in one study for example, researchers
monitored the health of nearly 7000 participants for more than seventeen
years. They found that those lacking social connections were two to three
times more likely to experience premature death than their socially
connected peers. The same study found that older people who stay socially
connected to other by volunteering live longer than those who don’t
volunteer. Social activities, such as visiting friends, attending church, a
movie, a play, a sporting event, a club, or other group event; or playing
games, forestall infections and
protect against disease. The researchers
concluded that adults, young and old, should stay connected either to
other people, a pet, or a favourite hobby.
PHYSICAL WELLNESS
The
Harvard
Medical
School
(1998),
advocated
that
physical
component of wellness involves the ability to carry out daily tasks, develop
cardio-respiratory and muscular fitness, maintain adequate nutrition and a
healthy body fat level, and avoid abusing alcohol and other drugs or using
tobacco products. In general, physical health is an investment in positive
lifestyle habits.
Physical wellness is an involved process through which a person
becomes aware of, and makes intelligent choices towards the seeking of
physical, emotional, spiritual, social, and intellectual wholeness. Here are
more
views
on
the
spectrum
of
what
is
physical
wellness:
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Awareness of the body’s true identity, depth of feelings, tension
patterns, reactions, balance and harmony
Respecting your body’s own uniqueness and diversity
Engaging in practices that move you towards a higher level of
health
Improved cardiovascular, flexibility, strength capacity
Improved
knowledge
about
functional
nutrition
Wellness is an interactive process of becoming aware of and
practicing healthy choices to create a more successful and
balanced lifestyle. Physical wellness is not gained overnight; it is
cultivated over time. You must appreciate and value the relationship
between sound nutrition and the functioning of the body.
BENEFITS OF EXERCISE
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Physical wellness involves understanding that eating well, exercise, and
healthy lifestyle choices are important; that making healthy lifestyle choices
today will affect how you feel tomorrow, how long you live, and perhaps
more importantly the quality of your life. The followings are some of the
benefit of exercise:
Reduction of the incidence of low back pain
Provision of more energy for work without fatigue
Development and sustenance of stronger bones
Enhanced efficiency in the performance of motor tasks
Better relaxation and better sleep
Increased cardiovascular endurance
Feeling better today than yesterday
Ability to strengthen the body, relax the mind and toughen the spirit
Decrease in the ageing process
Decrease in psychosomatic diseases and disorders
Increase in general physical performance capacity and wellness
Increased alertness, and
Reduction in body injuries and domestic accidents.
EMOTIONAL WELLNESS
Emotional wellness is the ability to control stress and to express
emotions appropriate and comfortably. It is the ability to recognize
and accept feelings and not be defeated by setbacks and failures.
Achieving emotional wellness allows you to experience life’s ups and
downs with enthusiasm and grace and maintaining satisfying
relationships with others.
Emotional Wellness is about understanding the full range of your
feelings and how they are affected by the world around you.It is in our nature
to experience both positive and negative emotions and the key to achieving
equilibrium and wellness, is to find balance between the two. By recognizing
your strengths and accepting your limitations, you will attain greater selfacceptance, which is the key to achieving emotional wellness.
Many studies report on the connection between wellness and emotional health.
New England Journal of Medicine, (1999), reported that anger, for example, is a
powerful emotional tool that has consistently been found to increase the risk of heart
attacks. In a recent study involving men who had both coronary heart disease and
high scores for anger and hostility, participants who participated in an eight-week
anger management course were less angry and their blood pressure dropped
significantly. The benefits were still apparent two months later. Participants in the
control group whose anger score remained the same experience an increase in
blood pressure. Other large-scale studies involving thousands of men and women now
acknowledge that anger-prone people have a nearly threefold higher risk than others
of suffering a heart attack or dying from heart disease.
When life is going smoothly, it’s easy to feel happy and centered. But, as you all
know, life’s not always so peachy and difficult situations arise that test out ability to
manage stress and cope. Anger, grief, and depression are three significant negative
emotions that are impactful on our lives. Understanding how these emotions arise and
how
to
manage
them
is
crucial
to
creating
emotional
wellness.
INTELLECTUAL WELLNESS
Intellectual Wellness is centered on learning and keeping the mind
engaged in stimulating activities. Tufts University (2001), spoke about
intellectual wellness. They said intellectual components of wellness involve
the ability to learn and use information effectively for personal, family, and
career development. Intellectual wellness means striving for continued
growth and learning to deal with new challenges effectively. It means acting
on accepted principles of wellness and assuming responsibility for eliminating
the discrepancy between knowledge and behaviour, often referred to as
the health behaviour grip. For example, people know that they should wear
their seat belts and that they should not smoke, yet many people do not
buckle up and continue to use tobacco products. For wellness to occur,
people must internalize information and act on it.
An intellectually well person understands and applies the concepts of
locus of control and self-efficacy. Locus of control refers to a person’s view of
attitude about his or her role in wellness and illness. A person’s locus of control
may be either internal or external. When people view problems concerning
their health or other parts of their live as generally out of their control (when
they view themselves as being at the mercy of other people, place, and
events), they have an external locus of control. On the other hand, people
who have an internal locus control view their own behaviours as having
significant effects, feel that they are at least partially the masters of their fate,
and recognize that they can change the course of their health. People with
internal locus of control are more likely to succeed in wellness activities,
because the assume the necessary responsibility for their actions.
Another influence on intellectual wellness is self efficacy. Self
efficacy refers to a person’s belief in his or her ability to accomplish a specific
task or behaviour. Self efficacy is not earned, inherited, or acquired; it is
something you bestow on yourself. They concluded that for high-level wellness
to be achieved, people must see themselves as successful and believe that
they can accomplish a task. Although locus of control establishes an attitude
toward one’s role in achieving wellness, self efficacy establishes behaviour.
Self efficacy links knowing what to do and accomplishing the task. Together,
an internal locus of control and a strong sense of self-efficacy are powerful
tools in promoting wellness and coping with illness.
Any activity that expands your mind is geared toward this area of wellness.
Learning new languages, reading, pursuing hobbies, going to museums, and
creating art are all activities that support brain development.
Intellectual Wellness may be one of the most overlooked wellness aspects—and
one of the easiest to tune into. Every time you learn something new, you’ve
supported your Intellectual Wellness. In just five minutes a day, you can:
Read. Read a few pages of a book, magazine, online resource or newspaper.
Regular reading helps strengthen your ability to think, teaches you something new,
and helps reduce the risk of deterioration of the brain in later life.
Get creative. For five minutes, do something creative. Draw a quick picture with
colored pencils just for fun or write a short poem. Even the smallest burst of creativity
may inspire you to greater Intellectual Wellness.
Listen to educational programming. You can learn a new word, pick up some
grammar tips, or learn a new fact in just five minutes. All across the internet there are
podcasts and video casts that give you quick little lessons for Intellectual Wellness.
OCCUPATIONAL WELLNESS
Occupational wellness is the ability to achieve a balance
between work and leisured time. Attitude about work, school, career
and career goals greatly affect work or school performance and
interactions with others. Striving for occupational wellness adds focus
to your life and allows you to find personal satisfaction in your life
through work (Mayo Clinic, 1999).
Five Minutes to Occupational Wellness
It’s really easy to lose your peace of mind at work sometimes. Your job
is going to get stressful, but if you just take five minutes a day to support your
Occupational Wellness, work won’t seem so hard:
Update your resume. Simply updating your resume may give you a lift. If you’re
discontent at your current job, looking at and improving your resume will help
you get in the mood to change your situation. Even the smallest step in the
right direction can make your current situation seem more hopeful.
Build in break time. Many people sit down to work and never stop. It’s
important for your Occupational Wellness to take a five-minute break every
now and then. Not only does this cut down on work stress, but it refreshes your
mind and makes you better able to focus on the task at hand.
Make a friend. Have a friendly conversation with a co-worker for a few minutes
everyday. This will make going to work seem more fun and less like “work.”
ENVIRONMENTAL WELLNESS
Environmental wellness is about trying to live in harmony with the
planet. According to Consumer Union, (2000) environmental wellness is the
ability to promote health measures that improve the standard of living and
quality of life in the community, including laws and agencies that
safeguard
the
physical
environment.
To
illustrate
the
impact
of
environment on wellness, they said one should consider the differences in
mortality (incidence of deaths) and morbidity (incidence of sickness)
between earlier times and today.
Environmental Wellness is one of 7 Aspects of Wellness. We may not
think much about Environmental Wellness as part of an overall wellness plan, but
our environment and how we feel about it can have a huge impact on the way
we feel. Environmental Wellness encompasses not just our relationship with the
planet and nature but our relationship with our personal surroundings as well. It
involves taking care of our possessions, homes, cars, and places of business.
When our personal surroundings are well cared for, clean and organized, we
experience a greater sense of comfort and less anxiety. Environmental Wellness
also involves caring for and appreciating nature.
By understanding the impact of your lifestyle on the environment and
taking action to protect the world around, you will enjoy a higher level of
wellness. It may sound odd, but the quality of your life is related to the state of
the Earth.
Environmental Wellness affects the other 7 Aspects.
It’s hard to feel
good when your space is messy or disorganized. Caring for our homes and other
personal environments also helps us maintain a sense of personal care
It reminds us that we love ourselves. All of this is great for Emotional
Wellness as well as Environmental Wellness. Connecting with nature can
help you feel more connected spiritually as well, leading to a greater
understanding of what Spiritual Wellness means to you.
Environmental
wellness is about learning how you can protect yourself against
environmental hazards and reducing your carbon footprint.
Some Easy things you can do to increase your environmental wellness:
• Turn off the water while brushing your teeth
• Use energy efficient light bulbs
• Buy green cleaning products and detergents
• Pick up litter when you see it
• Bring your own bag when you go grocery shopping
• Plant a tree or flower to beautify your environment
• Continue to make environmental wellness a priority
• Eat sustainable fish that are free from contaminants
Follow the tips and guidelines recommended on this page and you will
experience a greater level of environmental wellness.
SEX EDUCATION
Sex Education, broadly defined, any instruction in the
processes and consequences of sexual activity, ordinarily given to
children and adolescents.
Today the term usually refers to classroom lessons about sex
taught in primary secondary schools.
Sex education is a lifelong process. It is a systematic training
and instruction which prepare a person from early childhood through
school to adulthood, to deal effectively with the problems and social
relationship directly or indirectly associated with the sex urge.
Sex education includes all the educational measure which in anyway
may help the young people to meet the problems of life that have
their babies in sex instinct and inevitably come in some form into the
experience of every normal human being.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PARENTS AND CHILDREN
Historically, the task of instructing adolescents about sex has been
seen as the responsibility of the parents. But parent-child communication in
sexual matters may be hindered by parental inhibitions or by various
intergenerational tensions, and studies have shown that children rarely
receive their first information on sexual matters from their parents.
In the late 19th century, attempts by educators and social workers
to supplement parental sex instruction concentrated on what was then
known as “social hygiene”—basically, biological and medical information
about human reproduction and venereal disease. In the post-World War II
era, however, the relaxation of tradtitional social norms governing sexual
activity, as well as the torrent of sex-related information available to children
via the mass media, made a more sophisticated and comprehensive
program of sex education seem desirable to many. The obvious forum for
such an effort was the public school.
In the mid-20th century, many U.S. school districts established
sex-education programs that ranged from a few lectures given to
secondary school students to integrated and comprehensive lessons
beginning in kindergarten and extending through 12th grade or junior
college. The variety of subjects covered include the physical processes
of human reproduction; the workings of male and female sex organs;
the origin, dissemination, and effects of venereal disease; family roles
and structures; and the emotional and psychological causes and
consequences of sex, marriage, and parenting.
Frequently, however, the larger societal and ethical questions
stemming from sexual behavior, being highly subjective in nature, are
not regarded as appropriate to a strictly factual approach. At all levels
of instruction, teaching methods may include visual aids, lectures, and
moderated discussions.
SEXUAL ORIENTATION
Sexual orientation may become a question during puberty or
adolescence. The term sexual orientation refers to a person's erotic,
romantic, or affectional attraction to the other sex, the same sex, or both. A
person who is attracted to the other sex is labeled heterosexual, or
sometimes straight. A person attracted to the same sex is labeled
homosexual. The word gay may be used to describe homosexuals and is
most often applied to men, whereas the term lesbian is applied to
homosexual women. A person who is attracted to both men and women is
labeled bisexual. A transsexual is a person whose sense of self is not
consistent with his or her anatomical sex—for example, a person whose sense
of self is female but who has male genitals. Homosexuality is not synonymous
with transsexuality. Homosexual men's sense of self is male and lesbian
women's sense of self is female.
SEXUAL RELATIONS
The young adult seeking answers to the questions, “what shall I do
about sexual relations now?” and “How can I achieve a happy marriage?” is
likely to find that the two questions are closely related. In seeking the
behavioural pattern that will give the individual the greatest long-term
satisfaction the student faces decision about continence, nonmarital
intercourse, and premarital intercourse.
Sexual Intercourse, physical sexual activity between human beings
that involves the genitals. Nonmarital intercourse includes all intercourse
between persons who are not married. It cannot claim the excuse of physical
necessity
since a person suffers no physical or mental injury from
postponement of sex life. The sex experience itself, taking place in haste,
anxiety, fear of discovery, and unsatisfactory surroundings may be
unpleasant for one or both partners, building a negative attitude toward sex.
Feeling of shame and self reproach are likely to follow with loss of respect for
the partners.
SEXUAL RISKS
There are a number of pressing sexually related public health and social policy
issues facing countries around the world today. According to the United States
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in the United States a teen becomes
pregnant every 30 seconds, and every 13 seconds a teen contracts a sexually
transmitted infection (STI). For most people in the United States, engaging in
heterosexual intercourse without the use of a condom is the behavior that puts
them at greatest risk for infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which
can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and is often ultimately
fatal. Although there is currently no cure for AIDS, there are medications that can
help delay the onset of symptoms. Another serious sexually transmitted disease is
syphilis, which if left untreated for many years, can lead to paralysis, psychiatric
illness, and death. Gonorrhea and chlamydia may produce no obvious symptoms
in a woman, but they can lead to sterility if she is not treated. Sexually transmitted
diseases should be diagnosed and treated by qualified medical practitioners, and
all sexual partners must be treated in order to avoid reinfection.
Individuals can reduce their exposure to such sexual risks by
practicing abstinence, using appropriate methods of contraception
to avoid unwanted pregnancies, and using safer sex practices. Such
practices include using condoms to avoid exchanging bodily fluids,
limiting the number of sexual partners, and restricting sexual
behaviors to those with less risk, such as manual stimulation and
massage.
Advantages of the Sex Education
Sex education help to enlighten student as regard human reproduction
Sex education serve as check to misuse and abuse of sex
Sex education provides youth with information to be able to make
balance, moral, decision about their own behavior
It helps the student to recognize the signs and symptoms mode of
transmission and causes of STDs (Sexually Transmission of Diseases)
Sex education also help to reduce unwanted pregnancy or adolescent
pregnancy
Sex education helps the student to develop good inter-personal skills or
relationship with both member of one’s own sex or opposite sex.
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