Transcript Diapositiva 1

IOM International Organization for Migration
OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones
TEMPORARY LABOUR
MIGRATION PROGRAM
GUATEMALA - CANADA
Günther Müssig
Quebec, Canada, February 2009
LABOUR MIGRATION TO CANADA
 Part of Temporary Foreign Workers Program (TFWP)
and according to NOC, classification C and D as lowskilled
 Private initiative based, MOU between FERME and
IOM
 Carried out by Ministries of Foreign Affairs and Labour
with technical assistance of IOM
 Started 2003 in Québec with 215 workers and
expanded to other 4 Canadian Provinces.
In 2008: 3,313 workers
 Started in agriculture and expanded to other sectors,
such as poultry farms, landscaping, laundry,
construction, etc.
OPERATIONAL ASPECTS
 Recruitment upon request of employers’ organizations,
i.e. FERME, FARMS, WALI or individual employers
 Recruitment criteria:
 Demand of employers and special requirements for
type of work
 In accordance with local economy
 Poverty rate
 Operational cost of USD 120 is covered by tax
exemption
 Upfront cost for workers less USD 340 to pay before
departure: USD 160 for visa, USD 75 for medex, USD
70 for airport tax, and USD 36 for medical insurance for
family members in Guatemala.
 No external recruitment agents involved
 No recommendations accepted from any institutions or
organizations
PROCESS OF THE PROGRAM
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
Recruitment;
Processing Recruitment Form;
Handling of documents required from workers;
Payment of expenses;
Sending visa request to the Embassy of Canada;
Medical examination;
Workers requirements;
Appointment of workers according to requirements;
HRSDC Request (Work Permit);
Obtaining visas;
Briefing for travel;
Airport Assistance
Protection of workers in Canada;
Contact and evaluation after workers return;
Additional products that strengthen the Program
 Remittance banking
 Medical Plan for the families of workers
LEGAL ASPECTS
 Whole process for temporary foreign workers starts with
LMO (Labour Market Opinion)
 Employer has to prove that no national or permanent
resident is available to carry out that work. No
potentially negative impact on the level of
employment.
 Establishes wages, which are higher than minimum
wage.
 Important is that foreign workers do not lower wages
and working conditions and do not displace nationals.
 Regulates work hours (minimum 40 per week) and
duration of contract.
 Signed contracts approved by authorities (salary,
deductions, social security, housing, payment of return
ticket, finalization of work, etc).
TEMPORARY WORKERS IN CANADA
2008
Baffin
Island
YUKON
TERRITORY
Iqaluit
NORTHWEST
TERRITORIES
NUNAVUT
Hudson Strait
BRITISH
COLUMBIA
252
NEWFOUNDLAND
& LABRADOR
Hudson
Bay
QUEBEC
ALBERTA
2,632
MANITOBA
165
ONTARIO
PRINCE EDWARD
ISLAND
6
258
NOVA SCOTIA
ORIGIN OF WORKERS
PET
6
HUE
10
QUI
104
AV
13
BV
ZAC
TOT
7
4
EP
10
QUET
273
CHIM
10 SOL 1,565
CHIQ
GUA
JAL
38
5
SAC 234
5
SUCH
304
RET 13
JUT
9
SR
105
ESC
197
14
SM
372
IZ
11
Niveles de
Pobreza (%)
Total de
Trabajadores
Total
Deptos.
Menos de 30
234 (7.1%)
1
31 a 50
616 (18.6%)
6
1,904 (57.5%)
7
559 (16.9%)
8
51 - 70
71 y Más
TOTAL
3,313
22
CONTRACTS
600
539
24.0%
500
545
24.2%
319
14.1%
400
301
13.3%
214
9.1%
300
200
207
9.2%
92
4.2%
19
0.8%
0
0%
100
19
0.8%
0
One
Tw o
Three
Four
Five
Six
Seven
AVERAGE ANNUAL STAY
5.6 MONTHS
Eight
Nine
Ten
CONTRACT FULFILLMENT OF
GUATEMALAN WORKERS IN CANADA
 93.2% of 2,255 workers fulfilled the contract in 2007.
 45% (1,015) of the workers had traveled previously and
55% (1,237) traveled for the first time.
 6.8% of the workers did not fulfill their contract due to
different causes:
2.8% behavior/low productivity
1.7% health problems
1.4% family reasons
0.8% problems of adaptation
0.1% AWOL
COMPARED PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION OF
EARNINGS BY WORKERS (PERIOD 2005-2007)
Percentage
2005
Percentage
2007
TOTAL
100.0
100.0
House building
45.3
10.5
-34.8
Paying debts (trip)
10.8
10.8
0.0
Basic needs
9.8
15.4
5.6
House enlargement
7.8
4.3
-3.5
Clothing and shoes
5.5
4.1
-1.4
Furniture and equipment
4.5
1.8
-2.7
Education expenses
3.8
2.3
-1.5
Purchase of land and/or houses
3.4
12.9
9.5
Savings
3.1
31.9
28.8
Health expenses
3.1
1.9
-1.2
Other expenses
2.8
0.4
-2.4
Purchase of agricultural tools
0.1
1.0
0.9
Purchase of vehicle
0.0
2.1
2.1
Recreation and culture
0.0
0.6
0.6
DISTRIBUTION OF EXPENSES
Difference
2007- 2005
REMITTANCE TRANSFER MECHANISM
FORMAT 2
Payroll and wire transfer instructions
Canadian Format
VEGETABLE FARM LTD.
Check Amount
CAN$.
51,216.02
Transfer Fees:
CAN$.
35.00
CAN$.
51,181.02
Exchange Rate CAN$ / USD$
CAN$.
1.13
Transfer Amount US$
USD$.
45,494.24
Transfer Fees USA Bank
USD$.
20.00
Balance in Can$.:
16/02/2007
Date:
Name
Account Number
(1)
(2)
No.
Salary in
Can $
(3)
FEES
SALDO in Can $
(4)
(5)
(4 - 3)
Exchange
Rate
(6)
Saldo in USD$
Tax USA
SALDO USD$
(7)
(5 / 6)
US$
(8)
(9)
Mi Gente 1
(Remittance)
(10)
Mi Ahorro
(Saving)
(11)
PATZ, ROMAN
83-05-12569-3
850.00
0.58
849.42
1.13
755.04
0.33
754.71
550.00
204.71
02
SAPON, EULALIO
83-05-12569-4
800.00
0.55
799.45
1.13
710.62
0.31
710.31
710.31
-
03
YAT, LEONEL ESTUARDO
83-05-12569-5
900.00
0.62
899.38
1.13
799.45
0.35
799.10
500.00
299.10
04
CHAMAN LOPEZ, JOSE
83-05-12569-6
800.00
0.55
799.45
1.13
710.62
0.31
710.31
710.31
-
05
PEREZ JUAREZ, JUAN
83-05-12569-7
1,104.73
0.75
1,103.98
1.13
981.32
0.43
980.89
980.89
-
06
CORNELIO, JORGE
83-05-12569-8
900.00
0.62
899.38
1.13
799.45
0.35
799.10
700.00
99.10
07
VASQUEZ, BERNARDINO
83-05-12569-9
-
-
-
08
AGUETA, MARIO RAFAEL
83-05-12569-10
800.00
0.55
799.45
1.13
710.62
0.31
710.31
450.00
260.31
09
DIAZ COLOP, FRANCISCO
83-05-12569-11
800.00
0.55
799.45
1.13
710.62
0.31
710.31
710.31
-
10
LOPEZ, PEDRO
83-05-12569-12
1,000.00
0.68
999.32
1.13
888.28
0.39
887.89
500.00
387.89
11
PEREZ MARTINEZ, EMILIO
83-05-12569-13
750.00
0.51
749.49
1.13
666.21
0.29
665.92
665.92
-
12
SANTOS, JUAN
83-05-12569-14
800.00
0.55
799.45
1.13
710.62
0.31
710.31
300.00
410.31
01
-
-
-
-
-
-
OPTIONS OF THE PROGRAM
TYPE OF PLAN
A) BASIC PLAN
B) SILVER PLAN
C) GOLD PLAN
YEARLY COST IN US$
FAMILY
INDIVIDUAL
36
18
260
450
100
SERVICES
-
General physician,
gynecologist and pediatrician
-
Orthopedist
-
Laboratory: urine, feces,
blood tests
-
Diagnostic images:
X-rays
-
Emergency services and
programmed movements
-
Dentist
-
Specialists (Orthopedists,
Gastroenterologists, etc)
-
Maternity
185
CIRCULARITY
3,313
3,400
3,200
Growth of number of workers
3,000
Permanent old workers
2,800
Workers of previous years
2,600
1,642
New workers
2,400
2,252
2,200
2,000
1,015
1,800
1,671
1,600
1,400
1,263
1,200
523
1,000
800
668
600
400
200
1,237
215
0
2003
324
195
129
2004
814
740
280
388
149
131
2005
537
295
128
100
2006
443
269
117
92
2007
203
102
80
2008
CIRCULARITY
3,313
3,400
New workers
3,200
Workers of previous years
3,000
2,800
2,600
1,671
2,400
2,252
50%
2,200
2,000
1,800
1,237
1,600
1,400
55%
1,263
814
1,200
1,000
740
800
50%
59%
668
537
600
400
200
215
0
2003
388
324
58%
295
195
60%
129
40%
2004
45%
149
131
2005
41%
42%
269
443
203
128
100
117
92
102
80
2006
2007
2008
IOM International Organization for Migration
OIM Organización Internacional para las Migraciones
E-mail: [email protected]
Web site: http://www.oim.org.gt
Working Notebooks on Migration No. 22 & 25