Transcript Phonics教學
Phonics Teaching Esther Chen 文澳國小 2008/10/ 8 Phonics Teaching Why? What? When? How? Problems Why? Phonics Four Language Skills Reading Phonics confidence and proficiency in reading decode texts with fluency and accuracy Writing Phonics spelling divide words into sound ‘chunks’ Listening Phonics work out the sounds of unfamiliar words identify sounds in spoken words Speaking Phonics read texts aloud with fluency and accuracy pronounce the sounds of letters accurately What? What? 「自然發音法」（Phonics）又叫「自 然拼音法」就是不用藉助音標而「看到 英文字的字母排列就能讀出整個單字的 發音」或「聽到英文單字的發音就能夠 拼得出其英文字母」。 What? Phonics (語音) is... about the relationship between letters and sounds. What? 美國史丹福大學曾經以電腦分析17,008 個常用字字母與音位的對應關係 (a) 84%完全對應的 (b) 13%不完全對應的 (c) 3% 完全無法預測 What? Phonics is not... an aid to understand the meaning of words. the only skill needed for reading. Phonetics When? When? Around the age of 5 or 6. At the first step of learning English?? Before Phonics : 音素知覺（phonemic awareness）階段 When? 音素知覺（phonemic awareness）: The ability to hear the separate sounds (Phonemes) within words. How? How before Phonics? Sound always goes first and then the print. TPR (生活用語) story books (想像力與字彙) songs, finger plays and nursery rhymes(聲音及韻律…) plenty of sound input (CDs) How before Phonics? Phonemic Awareness的訓練 分辨音節數 (手放下巴下) 找出押韻 ( fat/ cat 都押-at韻) 分辨及說出字與字的頭、尾、中音是否 相同和各自為何 ( fat/ cat ) 拆解字的聲音 (cat → [c] [a] [t]) 組合音([c] [a] [t] →cat) How? TPR Internet Games Others How? Letter cards Flashcards Phonics fans Bingo Tongue twisters Flip books Matching games Sound games Word families Word sorts Rhymes, action poems ,songs Books How? Sound games 押韻echo 數音節 拆解單字培養音的「切割」能力 組合單字培養音的「合成」能力 Phonics圖畫字典 Phonics繞口令 How? The cat (cat cat) has a hat (hat hat). market拍兩下，elephant拍三下 ‘spring’ → “in, ring” ‘tr,ain’ → ‘train’ ; ‘th, ink’ → ‘think’ How? nap, cat, pan I am Pam. I am Pam the cat. I like to take a nap. I like to take a nap in a pan. Phonics繞口令 ea for tea and ee for bee ool for pool and ook for book owl for bowl and oat for goat ouse for mouse and ow for cow How? 網路資源 BBC (http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/wordsandpictures/index.shtml) 提供各階段phonics的課程設計、遊戲、學習單、 教學資源等。 PBS Kids (http://pbskids.org/lions/games/ ) 提供好玩的phonics線上遊戲。 Starfall (http://www.starfall.com/n/level-/index/load.htm?f) 提供A到Z的發音及有趣的動畫，適合教學上使用 或學生線上學習。針對常見母音群而設計的故事 書，有動畫可欣賞，亦可下載列印書籍。 Problems How to pronounce the word? Time 偏重字母與單音的對應 忽略聽音能力的培養 忽略英語單字以外的語音特質 語調、重音、停頓等現象 Beyond phonics 從字母拼讀到篇章閱讀 Conclusion 音素知覺（phonemic awareness） phonics Reading 閱讀 Sentence Pattern Teaching Esther Chen 文澳國小 2008/10/ 8 Sentence Pattern Teaching Drill Games Websites Books Drills Mechanical drills Meaningful drills Repetition drills Substitution drills Transformation drills Completion drills Integration drills Communicative drills Further practice Role play Songs Games Simon says Faces Match game Bears Hide and seek Dice Books Websites www.starfall.com 看公視學英語 http://www.kizclub.com Books Easy to read Level 1, 2, 3 Amelia Bedelia Thank You !