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Sistemi Elettronici Integrati – B25
Lumped Modeling of
Differentially Driven Symmetric
Inductors for RF IC Design
Egidio Ragonese, Angelo Scuderi, Tonio Biondi,
Alessandro Italia, and Giuseppe Palmisano
Radio Frequency Advanced Design Center (RF-ADC)
Università di Catania
Facoltà di Ingegneria
DIEES
Catania - ITALY
Riunione Annuale GE 2006
STMicroelectronics
Catania site
Ischia, 21-23 giugno 2006
Introduction
In RF ICs symmetrical inductors are profitable
exploited instead of two separate spirals
lower area
full electrical symmetry
higher Q-factor and fSR
A profitable exploitation of integrated inductors
requires simple, accurate and geometrically
scalable models
Most inductor models are developed only for
single-ended spirals, while the few models for
symmetric inductors are not validated for singleended structures
Riunione Annuale GE 2006
Ischia, 21-23 giugno 2006
Modeling of integrated inductors on Si
Both single-ended and differential inductors were
fabricated using a bipolar process supplied by
ST-Microelectronics
Turn number from 1 to 5.5, inner diameter from 50 to 150 µm
and metal width from 6 to 20 mm
Riunione Annuale GE 2006
Ischia, 21-23 giugno 2006
Modeling of integrated inductors on Si
A scalable model for both single-ended and differential inductors
Modified -like topology (only one fitting parameter)
Physics-based equations based on process/layout parameters
Improved current sheet expression of LS (for sub-nH inductors)
Novel equation for series resistance (current crowding)
Z1
K·LS
Z2
CS
K·RS
(1-2K)·LS (1-2K)·RS
COX
RG
K·LS
K·RS
COX
CG
RG
CG
K=0.16
Riunione Annuale GE 2006
Ischia, 21-23 giugno 2006
Model validation
Model validation up to 20 GHz by comparison with onwafer measurements of more than 100 spirals (covering
0.2 to 8.3 nH inductance values)
Accuracy, geometrical scalability and compactness
promote the model as a reliable time-saving design tool
Average errors on
inductance, fSR and Q
are 2%, 5%, and 7%
Riunione Annuale GE 2006
Ischia, 21-23 giugno 2006
Model exploitation:
A 5-GHz image-reject down-converter
Extensively exploitation of integrated inductors (designed
with the proposed model)
Differential inductors are used in image-rejection filters
Riunione Annuale GE 2006
Ischia, 21-23 giugno 2006
Model exploitation
A 5-GHz image-reject down-converter
Riunione Annuale GE 2006
Ischia, 21-23 giugno 2006
See you later….
Poster B25
Riunione Annuale GE 2006
Ischia, 21-23 giugno 2006