Transcript Slide 1

Development of Design and Engineering
Engines to Support Multidisciplinary
Design and Analysis of Aircraft
Presented by G. La Rocca
[email protected]
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The challenges for the next 20 years of aviation
According to ACARE and NASA the
aircraft of the future will have to be:
• Faster
• with higher payload capacity
• Safer
• Cleaner
• Quieter
• …..different?
• AFFORDABLE!
How to achieve that in the current situation?
• Less economic and intellectual resources available
• Engineers have less experience from past programs
• Increased mobility of knowledge workers
• Globalization of the market
• Projects run by teams scattered over the globe…..
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Development of improved methodologies
to allow thoroughly and efficient
exploration of the design space
• Reduce the time wasted in repetitive and
routine activities
• Give more space to creative design
• Focus on methodologies to capture and
efficiently reuse designers’ knowledge
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Definition of Design and Engineering Engine (DEE)
MULTI
-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Requirements
no
2
no
yes
Report files
yes
Design solution
Data files
End
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Report writers
1
Analysis tools
Check of analysis
results on:
1) convergence
2) compliance with
requirements
Discipline #n
CONVERGER
&
EVALUATOR
Discipline #n
Discipline #2
Calculation of
product model
parameter values
Discipline #1
INITIATOR
Product Model
Discipline #2
A DEE consists of a multidisciplinary collection of design
and analysis tools, which are able
to automatically interface each
other and exchange data and
information generated by their
internal processes.
Start
Discipline #1
A DEE is an advanced design
system to support and accelerate
the design process of complex
products through the
automation of non-creative
and repetitive design
activities.
Paradigm of a Design and Engineering Engine (DEE)
Start
MULTI
-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Requirements
CONVERGER
&
EVALUATOR
no
2
yes
Design solution
Data files
End
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Report writers
Analysis tools
Discipline #n
no
yes
Discipline #2
1
The Multi
Model
Generator
Report files
Discipline #1
Check of analysis
results on:
1) convergence
2) compliance with
requirements
Discipline #n
Discipline #2
Calculation of
product model
parameter values
Discipline #1
INITIATOR
Product Model
(MMG)
Paradigm of a Design and Engineering Engine (DEE)
Start
MULTI
-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Requirements
no
2
Report writers
Analysis tools
no
yes
Discipline #2
1
Report files
Discipline #1
Check of analysis
results on:
1) convergence
2) compliance with
requirements
Discipline #n
CONVERGER
&
EVALUATOR
Discipline #n
Discipline #2
Calculation of
product model
parameter values
Discipline #1
INITIATOR
Product Model
yes
Design solution
Data files
End
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The product
model
Paradigm of a Design and Engineering Engine (DEE)
Start
MULTI
-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Requirements
CONVERGER
&
EVALUATOR
no
2
yes
Design solution
Data files
End
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Report writers
Analysis tools
Discipline #n
no
yes
Discipline #2
1
The reports
writers
Report files
Discipline #1
Check of analysis
results on:
1) convergence
2) compliance with
requirements
Discipline #n
Discipline #2
Calculation of
product model
parameter values
Discipline #1
INITIATOR
Product Model
Development of a Design and Engineering Engine (DEE)
The extent of achievable automation for the repetitive
design activities mainly depends on:
- Capability of the DEE components to interface each other
and exchange data and information (development required
at framework level)
- Quality and level of maturity of data and information
generated by the DEE components (development required
at tools level)
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Knowledge Based Engineering (KBE):
a technological
implementation of the Knowledge Management vision for the engineering
business
A.I.
Eval
Y
?
first spar
N
Rib = ‘FD
Y
?
Knowledge
Based
Engineering
Functional
requirements
INPUTS
Size, material, positioning ….
spar n
GENERATIVE MODEL
N
Point at root
KBE technology integrates
Artificial Intelligence and
Computer Aided Design to
produce computerized
applications able to capture and
re-use efficiently and effectively
the engineering design
knowledge of the organization
CAD
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Product Structure
Design Standards
Material Characteristic
Manufacturing Constraints
Constrain
Engineering Analysis
……..
OUTPUTS
Drawings, 3-D Models, 2-D Models,
Bills of material, Tool Design ….
Engineered
design
Definition of the High Level Primitives (HLPs)
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Wing-Trunk parameters set
- Type of airfoil (from a library)
- Amount of airfoils
- Positioning of airfoils
- Thickness of airfoils
- Reference axis
- Chords’ length
- Span
- Dihedral angle
- Sweep angle
- Twist angle
- ……
Connection element
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The building block approach
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Connection element
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The building block approach
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Connection element
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The building block approach
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Connection element
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The building block approach
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Connection element
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The building block approach
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Connection element
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Generation of many aircraft configurations
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Connection element
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Generation of variants of one configuration
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Connection element
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Generation of variants of one configuration
Wing-Trunk
Fuselage-Trunk
Engine part
Connection element
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Development of the structural models
The MMG automatically generates the geometry of the structural
elements inside each primitive.
Leading edge
Upper wing-box panel
Ribs
Rear spar
Front spar
Lower wing-box panel
Trailing edge
The structure is:
• parametrically defined
• tailored to the outer surface
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
if the aircraft
outer shape
changes….
Development of the structural models
The MMG automatically generates the geometry of the structural
elements inside each primitive.
Leading edge
Upper wing-box panel
Ribs
Rear spar
Front spar
Lower wing-box panel
Trailing edge
The structure is:
• parametrically defined
• tailored to the outer surface
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
… the internal
structure has
to follow!
MMG links with the analysis tools:
How different experts look at the same
product
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Models generation for aerodynamics tools (HF/LF)
ICAD environment
Aero analysis environment
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Non Structural Items masses: Weight & C.G. location table
item
Mass_(kg)
GROUP_FUSELAGE_(left_half)
TED_1_(half)
……..
ANTI-ICING-SYSTEM
OPERATIONAL_ITEMS_(half)
CABIN_ARRANGEMENTS_(half)
FLUIDS_(half)
107.4
X_cg
Y_cg
Z_cg
44973.1
-1250.3
1250.1
240.0 12755.8 -6368.1
157.5
3000.0
0.0
40.0
3000.0
0.0
3.0
3000.0
0.0
490.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
309.1 43256.9 -15067.4
292.0 41879.3 -20362.6
2543.5
2256.1
402.0
40304.5 -31062.3
1671.6
GROUP_WINGLET_(left_half)
RUDDER
ANTI-ICING-SYSTEM_(wl)
174.5
80.0
49785.9 -39394.7
47962.0 -39490.0
4990.1
5531.1
GROUP_PROPULSION_(left_half)
CENTER_ENGINE_(half)
CENT_ENG_..
LEFT_ENGINE
LEFT_ENG_STRUC…..
3751.2 43758.0
0.0
980.7 43758.0
0.0
7502.3 39750.0 -7501.0
1961.3 39750.0 -7501.0
4142.9
2185.7
5410.5
3453.2
GROUP_WING_(left_half)
TED_4_(iw_ins)
TED_5_(iw_out)
…….
ANTI-ICING-SYSTEM_(ow)
GROUP_LANDING_GEARS_(left_half)
NOSE_LANDING_RETRACTED_(half) 594.0 3500.0
0.0 1298.6
INNER_LANDING_RETRACTED
3415.7 33984.0 -3991.0 -87.1
OUTER_LANDING_RETRACTED
3415.7 33984.0 -7501.0 381.5
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Lumped mass
representation
Non-Structural Masses connectivity
The MMG automatically detects the NSM-items to be attached to the
various mainframe parts.
This connectivity information
is stored as an attribute of
the given structure part.
Wing fuel system attached
to all the spar patches of
the Inner wing
Trapped fuel attached to the
first bottom skin patches.
De-icing systems attached to the LE riblets
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Automatic surfaces fragmentation in meshable elements
The MMG automatically performs the fragmentation of the aircraft surfaces to
ease preprocessing activities required for the FEM analysis. Skins, spars and
ribs are automatically cut along their intersection lines in order to produce
ALWAYS a set of ready-to-meshed surface patches.
Skin fragments TE fragments
Segmentation procedure based on FEM-experts
LE fragments
best practice.
Automatic detection of non-meshable surfaces
and selection of best extra cutting-procedure.
Spars fragments
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Ribs fragments
Integration of the ICAD MMG with the FE tools
KBE environment
FEM-Tables
surface_ID_number
2000023
Isoparametric?
T
membership
INNER-WING-INSIDE
type
QUAD-SEGMENT
design_variable_group 2010203
material
AL_ZI_PLATE
thickness_(mm)
6.0
Attach_non_struc_mass DE-ICE_SYSTEM
Other information
………….
number_of_nodes
4
node_ID
X
Y
Z
92
49542.0 -39936.5 8381.3
93
49454.4 -39895.0 8173.1
94
49871.0 -39859.8 8061.9
95
49962.0 -39926.1 8383.2
Meshable
surfaces
FEM environment
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Sub-models generation for Multi-Level analysis
Analysis of details
should reflect all the
changes in the global
model
Details generation should
not affect the complexity
of the global model
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Generation of components models for manufacturing
feasibility study, tooling design and cost analysis
Examples of movable surfaces moulds models and tooling
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Role of the MMG in the MOB project
Multi disciplinary design and Optimisation of Blended wing body aircraft
SAAB, NLR
NLR, Cranfield
University
TU Delft
NLR, BAe System
DLR
NLR, EADS,
BAe System
Siegen
University
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The Design and Engineering Engine
(DEE) Framework
Start
MULTI
-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Requirements
no
2
Report writers
Analysis tools
no
yes
Discipline #2
1
Report files
Discipline #1
Check of analysis
results on:
1) convergence
2) compliance with
requirements
Discipline #n
CONVERGER
&
EVALUATOR
Discipline #n
Discipline #2
Calculation of
product model
parameter values
Discipline #1
INITIATOR
Product Model
yes
Design solution
Data files
End
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
The Design and Engineering Engine
(DEE) Framework
Start
MULTI
-MODEL GENERATOR (MMG)
Requirements
no
2
Report writers
Analysis tools
no
yes
Discipline #2
1
Report files
Discipline #1
Check of analysis
results on:
1) convergence
2) compliance with
requirements
Discipline #n
CONVERGER
&
EVALUATOR
Discipline #n
Discipline #2
Calculation of
product model
parameter values
Discipline #1
INITIATOR
Product Model
yes
Design solution
Data files
End
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
SOFTWARE FRAMEWORK FOR DEEs
• Design and Engineering Engine Framework
– DEE can be seen as a Integrated Product
Team (IPT) or Design Built Team (DBT).
• Analogue to human group co-operation
• Detached capabilities combined through indirect co-operation.
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
SOFTWARE FRAMEWORK FOR DEEs
Four Functions:
Resource Management
Management functions
Resource Interfacing
Process Execution Support
Information Flow Control
Facilitating functions
Four actors:
Specialist (Disciplinary Tools)
Integrator (Helper Agent, DEEF development)
Operator (Operation of DEE)
Maintainer (Operation of DEEF)
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
SOFTWARE FRAMEWORK FOR DEEs
Collection of Agents wrapped disciplinary tools form a DEE
Actors
•
Tool development by
Specialist.
– Offline testing
– Batch operation
•
•
•
• Tool process viewed strictly as capacity
• Agent & Tool can take part in group process
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Agent/DEEF
development by
Integrator
Operation of DEE by
an Operator
Maintenance of the
DEEF by Maintainer
SOFTWARE FRAMEWORK FOR DEEs
Collection of Agents wrapped disciplinary tools form a DEE
Messaging System
•
•
•
•
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Communicating (Speech
Act)
All agents capable of
performing the 4 DEEF
functions
(management/facility) due
to same code base
Most senior agent performs
the master functions.
Fall back when master
agent unavailable to next
most senior.
EXAMPLE of
A DESIGN SCENARIO
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
THE DEE IN ACTION: an example
Example of a design scenario : Structural analysis of a wing
Disciplines/tools involved
: Multi model generator (MMG), Aerodynamics, FEM
STEP 1: Before any client can participate in the DEE environment it must
register itself by a dedicated DEE Server. Typical registration data:
hostname, IP address, identifier.
The DEE server returns a list of all available DEE clients and the services
they provide.
DEE SERVER
register
DEE Client:
Structure
List of registered DEE
clients and provided
services
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
THE DEE IN ACTION: an example
STEP 2: Once the registration has finished, clients are allowed to have
peer-to-peer connections with other clients. In our scenario the structures
client first connects to the multi-model generator. Typical messages are
requests for structural topology and requests for meta-data.
DEE SERVER
DEE Client:
Structure
register
URL for TOPOLOGY
and META-DATA
List of registered DEE
clients and provided
services
MMG
Request for TOPOLOGY and
META-DATA
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
THE DEE IN ACTION: an example
STEP 3: The structure client will also send a request for aerodynamic
pressure to the aerodynamics client. However, the aerodynamics client
itself needs topology data from the MMG.
DEE Client:
Aerodynamics
Request for AERODYNAMIC
PRESSURE
DEE SERVER
register
DEE Client:
Structure
URL for AERODYNAMIC
PRESSURE
URL for TOPOLOGY
and META-DATA
List of registered DEE
clients and provided
services
Request for TOPOLOGY and
META-DATA
DEE Client: MMG
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
THE DEE IN ACTION: an example
STEP 4 (IMPLICIT): The aerodynamics client will make an implicit request
for aerodynamic topology to the MMG. If every request is satisfied the
structures client can start the numerical analysis.
DEE Client:
Aerodynamics
Request for AERODYNAMIC
PRESSURE
DEE SERVER
register
URL for
AERODYNAMIC
TOPOLOGY
DEE Client:
Structure
URL for TOPOLOGY
and META-DATA
List of registered DEE
clients and provided
services
Request for TOPOLOGY and
META-DATA
DEE Client: MMG
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
Request for
AERODYNAMIC
TOPOLOGY
URL for AERODYNAMIC
PRESSURE
SOME RESULTS
Generation of a flexible design tool able to support the conceptual
and preliminary design of different aircraft configurations and
configurations variants.
Generation of a unique Multi-Model Generator to supply data and
consistent models for all the discipline tools implemented in the
DEE.
Flexible integration of many design and analysis tools through a
smart and reconfigurable software framework.
Supported creative design, via automation of repetitive, time
consuming activities.
Use of KBE and agent based technology to mimic the actual
behaviour of designers and design teams.
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven
…QUESTIONS ?
19-20 May 2005, Eindhoven