Transcript Slide 1

SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION OF
LARGE-SCALE DRIP IRRIGATION
PROJECTS
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT AMONG SMALLHOLDERS
CIPA 2012 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
Prof. Aviad E. Raz, PhD, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
Naty Barak, Chief Sustainability Officer, Netafim
AGENDA
ABOUT NETAFIM, DRIP TECHNOLOGY & WATER
GOOD PRACTICES
SUMMARY
NETAFIM AT A GLANCE
 Founded in 1965 at Kibbutz Hatzerim – introduced breakthrough drip irrigation
concept
 Born out of a need to make Israel’s desert bloom
 Ag2Ag business model
 Global leader in drip and micro-irrigation solutions
 Permira funds acquired majority stake (Sept. 2011)
Kibbutz Hatzerim
THEN
3
NOW
GLOBAL PRESENCE
13 manufacturing plants
27 subsidiaries
DRIP IRRIGATION ADVANTAGES
Irrigating the Plant, Not the Soil
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Optimizes moisture and aeration conditions
Ensures precise quantities of water and nutrients directly to root zone
Reduces release of gases to atmosphere caused by imprecise fertilizer usage
Increases yields and enhances productivity per unit of soil and water
FLOOD & FURROW IRRIGATION DISADVANTAGES
 Water source depletion and contamination, excessive use of chemicals
 Greenhouse gases emitted to the environment boosting a warming trend
GLOBAL WATER USAGE
70% of world’s available water goes to agriculture
17% of all cultivated areas are irrigated
79% of irrigated areas use flooding
Mechanized Sprinklers (2%) Drip Irrigation
Domestic
Agriculture
15% 4%
10%
Industrial
20%
70%
Flooding 79%
Saving 15% in water for agricultural use
will more than double available water for domestic use
Source: ICID – CIID
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AGENDA
ABOUT NETAFIM, DRIP TECHNOLOGY & WATER
GOOD PRACTICES
SUMMARY
GOOD PRACTICE:
INDIA’S APMIP
Name: Andhra Pradesh Micro-Irrigation Project
Project area: 434,352 ha
Project cost: $249 million
No. of participants: 187,000 farmers (March 2008)
with plots of 1 hectare and above
 Crops: Fruits, vegetables, spices, field crops
 Governmental support: Subsidies of 50%-70% of drip
irrigation equipment value
 Banking support: loans
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APMIP IMPACT
WATER SAVINGS
76 to 100%
savings (3.55%)
51 to 75%
savings
(20.14%)
No savings
(4.45%)
0 to 25%
savings
(21.07%)
26 to 50%
savings
(50.79%)
YIELD INCREASE
76 to 100%
increase (4.32%)
51 to 75%
increase
(20.21%)
26 to 50%
increase
(41.78%)
No yield increase
(6.13%)
0 to 25%
increase
(27.56%)
APMIP: DRIPPING WITH SOCIAL CHANGE
• APMIP field study data provided by Prof. Aviad Raz, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel
• Background slides provided by Dr. V. Praveen Rao (India), Manager Agro Knowledge, Netafim India
Andhra Pradesh government spent large sums to build
water infrastructure and bring water to the farm gate
TRADITIONAL
FLOODING
(SURFACE IRRIGATION)
At the farm level, water use via flooding is inefficient. The way the farm uses water
can significantly impact on achieved results
APMIP: GOVERNMENT VISION
 Increased productivity from available land, water,
fertilizer and labor – productive agriculture
 Higher energy efficiency in agriculture sector
 Reduced cost of production
 Enhanced farm profitability
 Greater environmental stewardship
 Preserved social fabric of rural communities
APMIP PROJECT DETAILS
Project cost
$257 million
Project area
247,000 ha
Area taken up in Phase 1
194,000 ha
NABARD assistance
$128.5 million
Farmer’s share
$128.5 million
Andhra Pradesh government (GoAP)
subsidy
60% (for drip) & 50% (for sprinkler) of system cost with
a ceiling of Rs. 50,000 per farmer
Number of mandals
879 in 22 districts
Stakeholders
Farmers, Collectors/PDs; DWMAs
Horticulture, Agriculture, Sericulture & Sugar
Departments; Bankers; Micro-Irrigation Companies;
Monitoring & Evaluation Agencies, APMIP Cells
SECTORS & CROPS
SECTORS
& CROPS
HORTICULTURE
Fruits, vegetables, flowers, plantation crops,
spices, medicinal & aromatic crops
AGRICULTURE
Cotton, corn, peanuts, soybean, pulses,
sunflower, fodders…
SERICULTURE
Mulberry
SUGAR
Sugarcane
APMIP UNIQUENESS
There are various constraints when it comes to introducing drip
irrigation in developing countries:
 Financial investment is required for installation, training, and maintenance
 Efficient administrative framework inter-connecting the government, banks,
farmers, and micro-irrigation companies is required
APMIP UNIQUENESS (cont’d.)
Combining capitalistic incentives for private companies with collective regulations,
the APMIP created a system of competition among private micro-irrigation (MI)
companies in a government-regulated environment to ensure smallholder benefits.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Uniform subsidy pattern to farmers
Agronomic and after-sales service
5-year warranty for materials supplied by MI companies
Training and capacity building of farmers and stakeholders
Penalties for violation of responsibilities and quality control
Independent monitoring and evaluation of installed MI systems and
agri-extension services by external agency
GROUP INTERVIEW WITH APMIP SMALLHOLDERS
2007 APMIP FIELD STUDY
 Interview subjects
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27 smallholders in three APMIP districts with at least one year of
experience working with Netafim drip systems
APMIP officials, area managers and dealers
 Key performance indicators (KPIs)
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farmer satisfaction
crop improvement
plot size expansion
2007 APMIP FIELD STUDY FINDINGS
 Satisfaction level regarding training was generally high (although fertigation
training was perceived as less successful due to problems of market
applicability)
 Drip led to significant yield improvements in all crops, with sugarcane
productivity showing the greatest change
Traditional vs. Drip Irrigation Yield by Crop
Crop
Yield with traditional
Yield with drip
irrigation method (tons) irrigation (tons)
% change
Sweet
Orange
22
25
+14
Rice
8
10
+25
Vegetables
7
8
+14
Sugarcane
75
125
+67
2007 APMIP FIELD STUDY FINDINGS (cont’d.)
 The move to drip enabled farmers to expand plot size by an average of ~2.5 times
Traditional vs. Drip Irrigation Plot Size by District
District
Original plot with
traditional irrigation
(acres)
Current plot with drip
irrigation (acres)
Average coefficient of
change
Nalgonda
Medak
0-20
20-60
3
2-4
3-10
2.5
Rangareddy
1-3
2-6
1.7
 All smallholders who increased plot size, installed drip systems in the
new area. Such expansion also represented for many a gradual shift
from subsistence to commercial agriculture.
APMIP – YIELD IMPROVEMENT BY CROP
Sample size = 6,000 farmers
120
Yield (Tons/ha)
140
100
80
60
40
20
0
Surface
Data provided by Dr. V. Praveen Rao
Drip
DRIP IRRIGATION AND SOCIAL CHANGE
Drip’s unique advantages – water savings, increased crop yield, and individualized
technological control – have led to tremendous social change, especially in
developing countries and peripheries
EXAMPLES FROM NETAFIM’S OVER 45 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE INCLUDE:
 Jordan Valley: Drip led to 10 times increase in crop yields and
water savings of 50% for farmers. As a result, they were able to
buy the land they were leasing, dramatically increasing their
quality of life.
 Netafim’s Family Drip System™: FDSTM changed the life of
hundreds of smallholders in Niger and Zimbabwe, enabling
single women to gain economic independence through farming.
 APMIP mega-project: Drip led to plot expansion and a shift
from subsistence to commercial agriculture for thousands of
smallholders in India.
THESE PROJECTS ARE NOT JUST
ABOUT DRIP IRRIGATION,
BUT ALSO THE TRANSFER AND
CAPACITY BUILDING OF
SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
TECHNOLOGY FOR A BETTER
LIFE
GOOD PRACTICE: YELLOW RIVER, CHINA
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Zhongwei City, Ningxia Province, China
System deliverable: Turnkey irrigation system
Project size: 2,000 hectares of desert land
No. of participants: Over 6,000 farmers
Plot size: Small parcels (~2.5 ha)
Crops: Chinese dates and watermelons
Land maximization: Watermelons were grown between date tree rows, enabling
income until maturity of dates
YELLOW RIVER PROJECT IMPACT
 Reduced amount of water pumped from river, providing cities downstream with
water
 Improved quality of life for farmers by increasing their agriculture-based income
and slowed down migration to cities, a phenomenon accompanied by poverty,
increased social unrest and higher crime rate
 Reduced amount of water used for agriculture, leaving more water for domestic
and other uses
 Improved use of marginal land for agriculture
 Halted desertification, a serious challenge for China
 Partners: Farmers, multi-level government offices (i.e. village, county, province,
central)
GOOD PRACTICE: KITUI, KENYA
 Area: Kamale and Wingoo water
catchment zones in the Nzambani District
in the semi-arid Eastern Province
 Participants: 200 poor small-scale
vegetable growers (mostly women and
elderly people who could not continue
practicing bucket irrigation)
 Solution: Family Drip System™ (FDS™)
 Partners: FAO (main donor), Amiran
Kenya, Kenya’s Ministry of Agriculture,
Agrosphere (NGO)
KITUI IMPACT
 140% increase in harvested yield
 200% increase in income
 80% increase in vegetable-growing
capacity and know-how (via pre-post
training impact test tool)
 65% increase in basic farm management
know-how (via pre-post training impact
test tool)
 60% water savings due to shift from
bucket to drip irrigation
AGENDA
ABOUT NETAFIM, DRIP TECHNOLOGY & WATER
GOOD PRACTICES
SUMMARY
SUMMARY
 Investments in agriculture are critical for food security and poverty reduction
 Private investments can benefit poor farmers in rural farming areas
 Public investments are essential in attracting private-sector investment
 UN agencies can play a central role in building partnerships and attracting
investments
 Partnerships bear fruit (e.g. governments, NGOs, private sector, farmers)
Tangible Results
 Shift from subsistence to commercial agriculture
 Capacity building through training and know-how transfer
 Creation of knowledgeable agricultural society
EVERY DROP COUNTS
Picture: Alexandra Boulat
THANK
YOU
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