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Research At Your Service! ¡Investigaciones para servirles! Latinos & their Information Needs on Center Stage REFORMA President’s Program 1969 1970 1971 1972 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Publication about Library Services to Latinos is Growing, from one paper in 1969 to 49 in 2012. 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Young Adult Library Services 4 Journal of Youth Services in Libraries 4 Florida Libraries 4 Diversity and Multiculturalism in Libraries 4 Colorado Libraries 4 ALKI 4 Wilson Library Bulletin 5 Proceedings of the Seminario on LIS for the Spanish-Speaking 6 Library Trends 6 Alternative Library Literature 7 Public Libraries 8 Much of that growth has been from anthologies specifically aimed at services for Latinos. Reference & User Services Quarterly/RQ 9 School Library Journal 9 Library Media Connection 10 Literacy, Access, and Libraries among the Language Minority Population 12 Immigrant Politics and the Public Library 12 Latino Librarianship: A Handbook for Professionals 13 Library Services for Hispanic Children 14 Biblio-Política 14 Pathways to Progress 17 Library Services for Latinos: An Anthology 17 The power of language / El poder de la palabra 20 Celebrating Cuentos 20 Library Services to Youth of Hispanic Heritage 22 American Libraries 22 Library Journal 24 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 York 3 Wohlmuth 3 Trejo 3 Salinas 3 Pisano 3 Haras 3 Freiband 3 Figueredo 3 CastilloSpeed 3 Alire 3 Wadham 4 RUSA 4 CabelloArgandoña 4 Adkins 4 Milo 5 Luevano 5 Allen 5 Since 1969, there have been 436* publications about Latino services, by 296 first authors. Twenty-three authors have produced 3 or more works. Schon 6 GarzadeCortés 6 Chabran 6 Haro *Probably more! 8 Naidoo 12 Guerena 12 The 436 publications had 6,703 references. The word cloud below indicates the most frequently cited authors in the articles’ bibliographies. This word cloud indicates the words most frequently found in the titles of materials cited in those bibliographies. Patricia L. Guardiola Serving an Exploding Population: Analyzing the Information Behavior of and Resources Available to Latino Patrons, Using the Louisville Free Public Library System as a Model Serving an Exploding Population: Analyzing the Information Behaviors of and Resources Available to Latino Patrons, Using the Louisville Free Public Library System as a Model Patricia L. Guardiola MLIS Student, University of Kentucky [email protected] Initial Questions • How can librarians assist and empower patrons if there is a language and/or cultural barrier? • What are information needs and behaviors? • What are resources? • What is there to learn from one library system in Kentucky? Discovering Info Behaviors and Resources • Observations • Informal interviews • Literature reviews • Participation in Immigrant Services Committee • Outreach • Span of nearly two years, from early 2011 to late 2012 Demographics in Kentucky From http://www.census.gov/prod/cen 2010/briefs/c2010br-04.pdf Demographics in Louisville, KY • Huge increase in Latino population • Between 2000 and 2010, 160% increase (Crouch 2012) • Large immigrant populations • Bosnian, Latino, Senegalese, Vietnamese Louisville Free Public Library • 18 Locations • Main Library • 2 Regional Libraries • 15 Branches • Internationals Initiative Image courtesy of lfpl.org LFPL - Okolona • Bilingual Clerk (PT) • Bilingual Library Assistant (PT) • Staff turnover Images courtesy of lfpl.org Information Needs & Behaviors • Patron groups or types • New immigrants • Can be greatly affected by first impression of library • Second generation • Established • Overlap Information Needs & Behaviors • Common requests for native language materials • • • • Citizenship exam prep Computer tutorials English learning GED exam prep • Common patron behaviors • Bringing English-speaking child, friend, or relative • Asking bilingual staff exclusively once aware • Biblioteca vs. Librería Resources at LFPL Include: • Bilingual staff • Usually part-time • Conversation Club • Catalog • Translatable interface • Immigrant Services Committee • Internet access • Employment applications Outside Resources Include: • Adelante Hispanic Achievers (adelanteky.org) • Americana Community Center (americanacc.org) • Hispanic Latino Business Council (greaterlouisville.com/hlbc) • Hispanic Latino Coalition (hlcoflouisville.org) • Kentucky Refugee Ministries (kyrm.org) • Louisville Metro Office for Globalization (louisvilleky.gov/Globalization) • REFORMA Southeast (reformasoutheast.org) Larger-scale Applications • Customer service and staff challenges • • • • Online Face-to-face Privacy Patience! • Broader appeal of multicultural collections • Potential for growth – classes, groups, etc. Kaitlin J. Peterson Including the Culturally Excluded and Socially Forgotten: Information Services for Spanish Migrant Workers in the United States Including the Culturally Excluded and Socially Forgotten: Information Services for Spanish Migrant Workers in the United States Kaitlin Peterson MLS ‘13 Anecdote: How I Became Interested in the Information Needs of Migrant Workers The same way many of us become interested in a subject: an encounter in childhood that stuck with me My mom the ESL Teacher vs. the Indifferent Farm Supervisor It was not until this research that I learned that through the Federal Family Educational Right and Privacy Act of 1974, my mother and her principal were both legally capable and required to “seek out children of migrant workers eligible to receive [educational] services Theoretical Framework The theory of information worlds-developed primarily by Gary Burnett and Paul Jaeger, it builds upon previous work done by Jürgen Habermas and Elfreda Chatman. The theory states that information behavior is shaped simultaneously by immediate influences like family and friends, as well as by larger social influences, including media, technology, etc. The theory argues that few individuals live in a very small world, except the extremely isolated Latino migrant workers are this extremely isolated part of the population Population Overview According to the Institute of Food and Development Policy: More than two million year-round and seasonal migrant workers, including 100,000 children, work in the US Of those two million, about two thirds are immigrants, eighty percent of which are from Mexico. Fifty-nine percent are married, fifty two percent are parents Population Overview Cont’d 35% cannot speak English at all Average level of completed education is grade eight; 40% have completed grades one through six Three out of four U.S. farmworkers earn less than $10,000 annually, and three out of five live below the federal poverty line. Twenty-five percent work fifty hours or more a week. Information Needs Education/literacy Political Processes Employment Recreation Health Transportation Family Planning Welfare/Social Services Home/Family Geographic Information Housing Consumer Information Legal Information Information Barriers Language/Literacy Skills Isolation from society/family Cultural Obstacles Perceptions of Information Institutions Lack of Access Fear/Misunderstanding Low Social Status of Legal System Time (lack thereof) Lack of Transportation Latino Migrant Worker’s Information World Culture Time Perceptions Access Transportation Isolation Language Government Latino Migrant Workers Co-workers Family Law Information Agencies Social Status Fear Literacy Schools Library and Information Agencies: Big Picture IFLA in Multicultural Communities Guidelines for Library Services: “libraries need to pay particular attention to the culturally diverse groups in their communities, including indigenous peoples, immigrant communities…residents with temporary stay permits, and migrant workers.” UN Convention on the Protection of the Rights of Migrant Workers, Art. 13 from 1990: “migrant workers and members of their families shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to see, receive, and impart information and ideas of all kinds” Library and Information Agencies: Small Picture The Farmworker Unit of the Legal Aid of NC: bilingual staff provide information to farmworkers through visits to labor camps in the evening, appear on Spanish language radio and tv programs University of Washington and Department of Education partnered with Horizon’s Incorporated to create Community Technology Centers for education area’s migrant population Fresno County Public Library (CA) Bookmobile Miami Dade Public Library has a Hispanic branch located in the bottom part of an affordable housing complex where migrant workers live. Recommendations Bring resources to where Latino Migrant workers are: bookmobiles/mobile collections Offer bilingual services/collections Partner with local trusted institutions that are already working with Latino Migrant population Develop relevant policies for Latino migrant workers, but be flexible Always, always be an advocate Jimena Sagàs “Where I come from, libraries are different”: A comparative study of patron experience with libraries in Mexico and the United States Where I come from libraries are different: A comparative study of patrons’ experience with libraries in Mexico and the United States Jimena Sagàs, MLIS Colorado State University S Saturday, June 29, 2013 American Library Association Annual Conference Acknowledgements S REFORMA S Library Research Round Table S You Background S U.S. libraries’ historical role in serving immigrants REFORMA Acculturate or Assimilate? S It’s a two way street, baby! A federal library system A culture of reading LIS Education S Colegio de Bibliotecología (Facultad de Filosofía y Letras) S http://colegiodebibliotecologia.filos.unam.mx S Courses S http://colegiodebibliotecologia.filos.unam.mx Questions, questions, questions… S Users S Collection development S Budgeting S Technology S Programming S Professional S Public vs. Academic S Policies organizations S Space Mixed Method S Open access information S Interviews S Patrons both in Mexico and the United States S Library professionals S Government officials Conclusion S Mexico is just a start… S A process to serve people from a diversity of backgrounds