Transcript The California Institute for Telecommunications and

Overview of Research at CERT
Prof. Sharad Mehrotra
Donald Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences
Director, Center for Emergency Response Technologies
Nov 4th, 2009
Center for Emergency Response Technologies
• CERT Goals
– lead research, technology development & coordination of
ongoing projects on role of IT to improving emergency response.
– provide a forum for collaboration between academia, industry, and
government agencies.
• 20+ associated faculty, 40+ students, staff, programmers,
researchers
– Computer Science, Social Science, Engineering
• Close partnerships with local & state agencies, industry.
– City of LA, city of SD, OCFA, LA Fire, …
• Funded by grants from NSF and DHS
– Including ~$15 million award for Project RESCUE/Responsphere
EMWS 2009
2
CERT: Faculty Involved
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Multidisciplinary faculty from computer science,
engineering, social sciences, statistics and medicine
• Jay Jayakrishnan
Naveen Ashish
• Dmitri Kalashnikov
Scott Bartell
• Chen Li
Carter Butts
Marlon Boarnet
• Aditi Majumder
• Gloria Mark
Mike Carey
• Gopi Meenakshisundaram
Nikil Dutt
• Sharad Mehrotra, Director
Rina Dechter
Magda El Zarki
• Bonnie Nardi
Rufus Edwards
• Deva Ramanan
Alex Ihler
• Walt Scacchi
Ramesh Jain
• Padhraic Smyth
Steve Jenks
• Nalini Venkatasubramanian
EMWS 2009
CERT Partners
Industrial Partners
5G Wireless
AMD
Broad-ranged IEEE 802.11
networking
Apani Networks
Data security at layer 2
Compute Servers
Government Partners
California Governor’s
Office of Emergency
Services
California Governor’s
Office of Homeland
Security
City of Champaign
City of Dana Point
City of Irvine
City of Los Angeles
City of Ontario
Fire Department
City of San Diego
Department of Health and
Human Services – Centers
for Disease Control
Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory
Los Angeles County
National Science
Foundation
Orange County
Orange County Fire
Authority
Asvaco
1st responder (LAPD), and threat
analysis software
Boeing
Canon
Community Advisory Board
Member
Visualization equipment SDK
Convera
Cox Communications
Software partnership
Broadcast video delivery
D-Link
Ether2
Camera Equipment and SDK
Next-generation ethernet
IBM
ImageCat, Inc.
Smart Surveillance Software (S3)
and 22 e330 xSeries servers
GIS loss estimation in emergency
response
Microsoft
Printronix
Software
RFID Technology
The School Broadcasting
Company
Vital Data Technology
School based dissemination
Walker Wireless
People-counting technology
EMWS 2009
Software partnership
U.S. Department of
Homeland Security
CERT Vision
Right Information to the Right Person at the Right Time
can result in dramatically better response
Response
Effectiveness
Quality of
Decisions
• lives & property saved
• damage prevented
• cascades avoided
• first responders
• consequence planners
• public
Quality &
Timeliness of
Information
EMWS 2009
Situational
Awareness
• incidences
• resources
• victims
• needs
Multimodal Situational Awareness in Response
Sensors create awareness
Awareness enhances Response
Situational Awareness
MULTI-MODAL
SENSORS
Response Planning
Operational
planning
@ crisis site
Events, people,
resources
Physical
World
Consequence
Analysis
@ EOC
Control actions
Incident level Response
Location of victims, hazardous
material, status of fire fighters
EMWS 2009
Transportation Infrastructure
Evacuation planning, dangerous routes,
occupancy analysis, exposure analysis
CERT Structure
Societal Impact Crisis Response
INFORMATION
ANALYSIS
INFORMATION
SHARING
INFORMATION
COLLECTION
INFORMATION
DISSEMINATION
CHAMPAIGN
Testbeds
Simulations/Drills
that mimic crisis
response activities
TRANSPORTATION
System
Artifacts
IT systems & tools
of direct relevance
to crisis response
Fundamental
Research
Core research
driving new
technologies
EMWS 2009
RESPONSPHERE
GLQ
IT Research at CERT
•
Infrastructure Level
– Goal:
– Resilient infrastructures for sensing, computation, communication and
Data management
– Challenges/issues
– Graceful performance degradation under extreme loads, catastrophic
failures, surge demands, scalable infrastructure, inexpensive, easy to
deploy
•
Information Level
– Goal:
– Real-time Situational Awareness from multimodal inputs to support
decision making
– Challenges/issues
– Diversity of information sources, multiple modalities, and needs,
uncertainty in data, challenge of scale, human-as-a-sensor
•
Deployment and Societal Issues
– Goal:
– Enable technology solutions to work in societal scale deployments
– Challenges/issues
– Privacy, Novel IT practices, Cost/Culture, Reliability, Digital Divide
EMWS 2009
IT Infrastructure Research @ CERT
• Reliable Networking at the Crisis Site
– Cognitive MANETS that self-adapt at all levels of protocol stack to adjust to load
and add robustness (Jafarkhani/Yousefi’zadeh)
– Disruption tolerant hybrid Instant Networks that combine “store-n-forward” with
ABC networks to support quality guarantees (Venkat)
• Middleware for reliable & Scalable Sensing
– SATWARE: Exploit application tolerance to errors/delays to build resilience at
higher layers (Mehrotra/Venkat)
• Reliable Mobile computing platforms
– Power aware cross-layer architectures for mobile applications (Dutt/Venkat)
• Scalable Data Management
– ASTERIX: Scalable management of massive semi-structured databases that
leverage parallelism (Carey/Li)
– Database as a service: reliable & secure data management in the cloud that
provides privacy/confidentiality guarantees (Mehrotra)
• Scalable Information Dissemination
– Internet-scale rapid dissemination using P2P infrastructure (Mehrotra/Venkat)
EMWS 2009
Information Systems Research @ CERT
• Sensor Driven Data Analysis
– Anomaly detection & event detection in sensor streams (Smyth/Ihler)
– Multi-sensor framework for localization (Ihler/Mehrotra/Venkat)
– Sensor-driven occupancy analysis & forecasting (Dechter/Smyth)
• Multimodal Event Detection
– From conversational speech (Kalashnikov/Mehrotra/Venkat)
– From textual input (Ashish/Mehrotra)
– From Video/Multimodal Data (Jain/Mehrotra/Ramanan)
• Event-based Situational Modeling
– Event representation, event based query languages, visualization
(Jain/Mehrotra)
– Uncertainty representation and probabilistic query processing
(Ashish/Dechter/Smyth)
• Multi-sensor Data Cleaning
– GDF: a general purpose toolkit for reducing uncertainty/improving data
quality in event databases (Kalashnikov/Mehrotra)
EMWS 2009
Societal Scale Deployment Research @ CERT
• Understanding societal use of technology in disasters
– Project REACT: use of ubiquitous technologies to respond to
disruptions (Mark)
– Social media & its role in public awareness / crisis communication
(Butts/Tierney/Sutton/Venkat)
– Instant messaging as a communication modality (Jain/Sutton)
• Modeling societal information needs & characteristics during
disasters
– Modeling Information diffusion through social networks (Butts)
– Information reliability from new information modalities (E.g.,
blogs, twitter) (Butts)
• Challenges in technology adoption
– Cost & cultural barriers to information sharing (Sutton/Tierney)
– Privacy and confidentiality in information sharing and data
collection (Mehrotra/Venkat)
EMWS 2009
CERT Projects
• Multiple interdisciplinary projects with other academic, and
industrial partners
– RESCUE – a collaboration of CERT with 6 other research
organizations/universities supported by NSF through its large ITR
program
– SAFIRE – a collaboration of CERT with Imagecat supported by DHS
– Next generation Alternate 911 Systems – a collaboration of CERT with
SRI supported by NSF
– FireTrack Project – a collaboration with Department of epidemiology and
Deltin corporation (currently under review)
– Speech-based situational Awareness – a collaboration with SRI
(currently under review)
EMWS 2009
RESCUE Project
Funded by NSF through its large ITR program
The mission of RESCUE is to enhance the ability of emergency response organizations to rapidly
adapt and reconfigure crisis response by empowering first responders with access to accurate
& actionable evolving situational awareness
1.
Extreme Networking at the
Crisis Site
2.
SAMI – Situational
Awareness through
Multimodal Input
3.
4.
5.
6.
Policy-Based Information
Sharing Architecture
Customized Dissemination in
the Large
Privacy Issues in
Deployment
MetaSIM – An architecture
for simulator integration
EMWS 2009
Research Team
• Privacy
• Security
• Trust
• Natural Hazards Center
• Social Science
• Data Management
• Security and Trust
• Transporation Modeling
• Disaster Analysis
• Earthquake Engineering • Urban Planning
• GIS
• Privacy
• Civil Engineering
• Data Analysis & Mining • Social Science
• Transportation Science
• Data Management
• Middleware & Distributed Systems
• Civil Engineering
• Transportation Engineering
• Computer Vision
• Networking
• Multimodal Speech
• Wireless
Situational Awareness for Fire Fighters
(partnership with ImageCat)
EMWS 2009
Speech-Based Situational Awareness
(collaboration with SRI)
Acoustic Capture
Acoustic Analysis
SA Applications
Alerts
Conversation
Speech
Voice
Monitoring & Playback
Processing
Image & Video Tagging
Amb.
Noise
Spatial Messaging
Localization via
Speech
Motivation
•Radio conversation is the most common
communication mechanism during crisis
response amongst responders
•Automatic conversation analysis can
significantly enhance incident awareness
leading to better response
EMWS 2009
Type of Acoustic Analysis
•
•
•
•
Human Speech: Who spoke to whom about what from
where and when
Ambient Sounds: explosions, loud sounds, screaming,
etc
Physiological Events: cough, gag, excited state of
speaker, slurring, …
Other features: too loud, too quiet for too long, …
15
FireTrack: Firefighter Exposure Analysis
(collaboration with Deltin Corp. and Dept. of Epidemiology )
Goal: Reduce toxic exposures to occupational group - firefighters
The WarnWatch System
Firetrack
•System to combine particulate/CO monitoring, physiological sensing with
a framework for collecting, storing, analyzing and alerting
•Pilot studies with the LA County Fire to evaluate the efficacy in structural
overhaul and in wild land fires
•Longitudinal exposure studies associated with specific groups, work
tasks and activities
EMWS 2009
16
CERT Testbeds
MetaSim Simulator (Regional Response)
An integrated plug-and-play micro/macro simulation
environment for diverse crisis response situations.
Built in hooks for technology validation
Different testbeds
model information
flow conditions
under diverse types
of crisis situations
Responsphere, UCI
(incident-level response)
Responsphere
(incident response)
A Campus-wide infrastructure to
instrument, monitor, disaster drills &
to validate technologies
EMWS 2009
Responsphere Enables Drills & Technology
Evaluation
• Technology Testing
Exercise: 16 SEP 08
– Bren Hall Evacuation
w/Campus Police Department
& UCI Zone Crew 3
• Live Burn with OCFA,LA
Fire and Anaheim Fire
– Testing Sensing (human
bio-sensing) data collection
& 2nd generation FICB
• SAFIRE / FICB Usability
Study – 15 MAY 09
– Freeze points identified as
critical junction / decision
points to assess SA with
and without FICB
EMWS 2009
18
CERT Artifacts
• Derivative research products of direct
relevance to first responders
– Mechanism to focus CERT research
– Opportunity for technology transfer
• Some of CERT artifacts are in current
deployment at partner sites
Disaster Portal in use by
City of Ontario since Sept.
2007 to improve
communication of relevant
situational awareness
information between first
responder and the public
EMWS 2009
Closing Remarks
• CERT Outcomes
– Research
– Robust disruption tolerant IT infrastructures
– SA technologies for transformational
improvements to the response process by
improving decision making
– Societal level technology adoption
– Testbeds
– Simulation and instrumented real environments
for technology testing
– Partnerships and collaborations
– industry and government partnerships
EMWS 2009
Closing Remarks
• Future plans for CERT
a) Transitioning current and ongoing CERT research to first
responder
– Technology transfer through CERT artifacts such as
disaster portal
b)Focus research on new opportunities to improve response
by exploiting the emerging IT revolution
– Cloud computing, database as a service, social
computing, peer oriented computing, grid computing,
agent-based technologies, sensor networks
c) Expand research focus of CERT to beyond crisis response
– Societal level adaptive systems, critical Infrastructure
protection
– Example: Smart Grid
EMWS 2009
Emergency Response & Smart Grid
• Two Perspectives:
– Smart Grid as a critical infrastructure
– Disruption, damage to generation & distribution systems due
to Earthquakes, fires, etc.
– Opportunity to leverage vast technology base developed for
crisis response
– collection, analysis, sharing, dissemination
– Grid as a critical resource
– Data collected by smart grid could be valuable for response
planning
– Electricity is a vital resource on which other infrastructures
depend
– Hospitals, shelters, special needs, industry, ..
– Ability to control electric usage could be an important tool in
effective response planning
22
Emergency Response & Smart Grid
Emergency Response
Events,
people,
resources
Electric Power
PhysicalNeeds
Hospitals, shelters,
Worldspecial
equipment
Grid Sensors,
Smart Meters
Situational
Awareness
Response
Actions
Grid Control
Actions
Situational
Awareness
Smart Grid
Response Planning
State of the grid,
outages, damage
to distribution
system
Distributed Grid
Control