Transcript Document

Juno
The
New
Frontiers Mission
Rosalyn A. Pertzborn
Director, OSSE
Juno E/PO Lead
Madison, WI
May 9th, 2006
Office of Space Science Education
Space Science & Engineering Center
University of WI-Madison
[email protected]
Juno
Mission Overview
• Dr. Scott Bolton of SwRI, in San Antonio, TX is
Principal Investigator for Juno, the second
mission in NASA’s New Frontiers Program
• Scheduled for Launch in August, 2011
• Upon arrival in 2016, the simple spinning
solar-powered spacecraft will go into a highly
elliptical pole to pole orbit, avoiding the bulk
of Jupiter’s radiation
• Operations are repeatable, cyclic and
designed to reduce overall cost
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Juno
Mission Overview, continued…
• Juno will help reveal the answers to the
remaining mysteries of Jupiter and our solar
system by investigating Jupiter’s core, water,
upper atmosphere, and magnetosphere
• Suite of eight instruments will collect data on:
– Jupiter’s Gravity Field
– Aurora
– Deep Atmospheric Structure
– Magnetosphere
• JunoCam will enable students to capture the
first images of Jupiter’s North Pole!
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Juno
Juno Project Organization
NASA
New Frontiers Program Office
Science Investigation Office Mgr.
Bill Gibson (SwRI)
Principal Investigator
Dr. Scott Bolton, SwRI
Advisory Board
PI, Chair
Chris Jones (Dir, SSED, JPL)
Science Team
Deputy Principal Investigator
Dr. Jack Connerney, GSFC
Jim Crocker (VP, LM)
Jim Burch (VP, SwRI)
Education & Public Outreach
Rosalyn Pertzborn (U. WI)
Deputy Project Scientist
Dr. Steve Levin, JPL
MA Manager
Sammy Kayali (JPL)
CTM for LM Contract
Rick Nybakken
Project Manager
Rick Grammier (JPL)
Radiation Env. Engineer
Mag Control & EMC Engineer
System Safety Engineer
Business Manager
Cindy Cornish (JPL)
Deputy Project Manager
Rick Nybakken (JPL)
PRA(JPL)
Scott Johnston
Telecom PEM *
Anthony Mittskus (JPL)
Payload Mgmt. Office
Phil Morton (JPL)
MWR (JPL)
MAG SHM (JPL)
Gravity Science (JPL)
MAG Flux Gate (GSFC)
JADE (SwRI)
UVS (SwRI)
WAVES (UnivofIowa)
EPD (APL)
Camera (Malin)
Flight System Office
Al Herzl (LM)
Project System Engineer
Dr. Doug Bernard (JPL)
Radiation System Engineer (JPL)
Flight Sys. Insight-Oversight Team (JPL)
Launch Vehicle (KSC)
Mission Systems
Mgmt. Office
Steve Matousek (JPL)
Science Ops &
Data Center Mgr.
Bill Gibson (SwRI)
*Note:
Telecom PEM reports directly to PM/DPM
For cost, schedule, and technical performance;
and to LM FSM for technical and schedule delivery
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Presentation Overview
Juno
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The Mythology
Why Juno?
Science
Mission
Spacecraft
Payload
Operations
Education
Conclusion-DVD
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The Mythology
Juno
Juno, the god-sister-wife
of Jupiter, maintained a
constant, jealous vigil over
her god-husband’s
dalliances from Mount
Olympus. When Jupiter
had his tryst with Io, he
spread a veil of clouds
around the entire planet to conceal his
activities. Upon observing the cloudcloaked planet, Juno immediately
suspected Jupiter of concealing activities
that would not bear the light.
Hence, Juno came down from
Mount Olympus and employed her special
powers to penetrate the clouds and reveal
the true nature of Jupiter….
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Juno
Why Juno?
• Peering down
through the
clouds and
deep into
Jupiter’s
atmosphere,
Juno will reveal
fundamental
processes of
the formation
and early
evolution of our
solar system
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Juno
The Giant Planet Story
• Solar systems containing Giant Planets such as
our own, may be required for life to originate
• The history of our solar system truly is found in
the formation of the planet Jupiter!
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Juno
Juno Science Objectives
Origin
Determine Oxygen/Hydrogen ratio (water
abundance) and constrain core mass to
decide among alternative theories of origin.
Interior
Understand Jupiter's interior structure and
dynamical properties by mapping its
gravitational and magnetic fields
Atmosphere
Map variations in atmospheric composition,
temperature, cloud opacity and dynamics to
depths greater than 100 bars at all latitudes.
Magnetosphere
Characterize and explore the threedimensional structure of Jupiter's polar
magnetosphere and auroras.
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Juno
Origin
• Juno’s Oxygen
measurements
discriminate among
Jupiter’s formation
scenarios.
• Ar, Kr, Xe, C, and S
abundances are well
determined, however
Oxygen is not yet
determined.
• Juno will determine both
the N and O abundances
essential for
understanding the
environment in which
Jupiter’s originated.
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Juno
Jupiter’s Interior
• Thick atmosphere
- Galileo probe reached
at least ~ 23 bars
• Liquid layer under
high pressure
• Metallic hydrogen
- under extreme
pressure the electrons
move freely, creating a
conducting layer, and
leading to a dynamo and
radio emissions
• Rocky core at center
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Juno
Interior
• Juno will investigate the
structure and convection of
Jupiter’s interior by
reaching through the
meteorological layer.
• Gravity sounding explores
the mass distribution and
core inside of the planet.
• A possible inner “rock” core
is shown, surrounded by a
“blue” metallic hydrogen
envelope and “yellow” outer
envelope of molecular H, all
hidden beneath the visible
cloud deck.
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Juno
Interior
• Juno will measure
variations of the
magnetic field to
determine flow
patterns on the core
surface.
• The figure shows a
plausible Jovian
dynamo with
columnar structures
in the flow organized
about a putative
(assumed) core.
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Juno
Atmosphere
• The depth of
Jupiter’s wind
zones, belts, and
other features
remains one of
the most
outstanding
fundamental
questions
regarding Jovian
atmospheric
dynamics.
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Juno
Atmosphere - Two Possible Scenarios
• Juno provides threedimensional views of the
atmosphere to depths greater
than 100 bars to resolve the
basic question of the
circulation depth.
• Top Panel (Scenario 1): Largescale flow dominates and the
belt-zone structure penetrates
to depth > 200 bars.
• Bottom Panel (Scenario 2):
small-scale convection
dominates and belt zone
structure disappears below the
water cloud base at 6 bars.
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Juno
Magnetosphere
• Jupiter’s powerful magnetospheric dynamics create the
brightest aurora in our solar system, as electrons and ions
precipitate down into its atmosphere.
• The three auroral types in this HST UV image are signatures of
Jupiter’s momentum transfer processes.
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Magnetosphere
Juno
• Juno’s measurements will
target each critical path in
this closed circuit that
transfers angular momentum
from Jupiter to its nebula.
• Juno measures the distinct
signatures of different auroral
processes as it traverses the
poles to greatly improve our
understanding of one of the
solar systems most
remarkable phenomena.
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Juno
• In August, 2011
Juno will be
launched from
Cape Canaveral
using an Atlas 551
rocket.
• ~ 2 years after
launch an Earth
flyby will give the
spacecraft an
additional energy
assist to reach
Jupiter ~ 5 years
after launch.
Mission
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Juno
Jupiter Orbit
• After orbital insertion (October 2016), Juno will
spend most of the mission away from Jupiter’s
high radiation environment.
• The line of apsides (furthest distance from
planet) moves southward over mission lifetime.
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Juno
Spacecraft
• The solar powered, Spinning Spacecraft built by
Lockheed-Martin, provides stability, accurate
pointing and simple operations.
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Juno
Spacecraft Detail (1)
• Roomy upper deck easily accommodates
instruments.
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Juno
Spacecraft Detail (2)
• All components are balanced to facilitate
spacecraft spin
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Juno
Payload (1)
• Spacecraft design fully accommodates all
science instruments.
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Juno
Payload(2)
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Juno
Operations
• Juno wraps Jupiter in a
uniform net, enabling
observations that
constrain Jupiter’s core
and characterize it’s
Dynamo.
• The one year nominal
mission will include 32
orbits of ~ 11days/orbit.
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Jupiter Orbit Geometry
Juno
Callisto
Ganymede
Europa
Io
26.3 Rj
15.0 Rj
9.4 Rj
5.9 Rj
100 000 km
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Juno
Operations (1)
• The mission
requires only two
Spacecraft
attitudes during
science perijove
(nearest Jupiter)
passages,
thereby
simplifying
operations.
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Juno
Operations (2)
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Education
Juno
• Juno’s Educational Mission reaches out to
communities with historically limited access to NASA
resources, facilities and people, particularly:
–
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–
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Rural America
Native American Communities
Young Women
Communities with substantial
minority populations
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JunoCam
Juno
• JunoCam is an
Educational Instrument
that will allow students
to take the mission’s
first visible images of
Jupiter’s poles!
• Juno engages the
public and students in
the its eleven year
journey to discover the
“Giant Planet Story”
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Juno
Juno.wisc.edu
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Juno
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