Transcript Document

GOES-R Hyperspectral
Sensor/Science Requirements
Timothy J. Schmit
NOAA/NESDIS/STAR
Advanced Satellite Products Branch (ASPB)
Madison, WI
And many others
MURI Meeting
June 9, 2005
GOES-R
• Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI)
• Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES)
– Disk Sounding
– Severe Weather Mesoscale
– Coastal Imager
• Solar Instrument Suite (SIS)
• Space Environment In Situ Suite (SEISS)
• Auxiliary Services (AUX)
• Magnetometer (MAG)
• Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM)
Mapping Requirements To
System Solutions
Instruments
OAR
NOS
NMFS
NMAO
Hyperspectral
Environmental
Suite (HES)
Solar Imaging
Suite (SIS)
Clouds
GPRD
Precipitation
Atmospheric
Profiles
Atmospheric
Radiance
Atmospheric
Winds
Land
Ocean
Coastal Waters
& Estuaries
Space & Solar
MRD
Space Env
In-Situ Suite
(SEISS)
GOES Lightning
Mapper (GLM)
GOES-R System
Microwave
Sounder/Imager
Coronagraph
Hyperspectral Imager
Solar Irradiance Sensor
Potential
P3I
PPI
NESDIS
Adv. Baseline
Imager (ABI)
Aerosols
Ecosystems, Weather & Water, Climate,
Commerce & Transportation
Other Users
NWS
Requirements
Baseline Instruments
NOAA
Users
GOES-R Program Schedule
As of: 22 Mar 05
Tasks
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
07/07 04/08
01/09
PDR
CDR
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
04/18
A&O Contract
09/10
SAT A1
06/12
Ship
09/04
09/05
09/06
10/1004/11
PDR
CDR
09/06
09/12
LRD
10/12
04/14
ABI
09/07
FM1 FM2
03/11
09/08
FM3
06/12
FM4
09/13
12/14
FM3
FM4
SIS
PDR
SEISS
04/06
CDR
FM1
04/07
04/08
10/10
PDR
CDR
FM1
SAT B1
10/06
HES
10/07
10/08
PDR
04/07
FM2
10/11
FM2
09/11
10/12
FM3
FM4
06/13 09/13
Ship LRD
04/13
10/11
FM1
CDR
04/08
04/09
10/11
PDR
CDR
FM1
10/13
FM2
10/12
10/14
04/16
FM3
FM4
10/13
10/14
FM3
FM4
GLM
SAT A2
FM2
10/12
01/14 04/14
Ship LRD
10/13
01/15 04/15
SAT B2
04/14
Ship LRD
07/15 10/15
SAT A3
SAT B3
Ship LRD
04/15
07/16 10/16
10/15
Ship LRD
01/17 04/17
SAT A4
SAT B4
Ship LRD
10/16
01/18 04/18
Ship LRD
NOAA Observational requirements are separated by discipline:
Ocean (example):
Atmosphere (example):
Land (example):
Space
GOES-R Observational
Requirements
Aerosol Detection
Aerosol Particle Size
Suspended Matter
Volcanic Ash
Aircraft Icing Threat
Cloud Imagery
Cloud & Moisture Imagery
Cloud Base Height
Cloud Layers / Heights & Thickness
Cloud Ice Water Path
Cloud Liquid Water
Cloud Optical Depth
Cloud Particle Size Distribution
Cloud Top Phase
Cloud Top Height
Cloud Top Pressure
Cloud Top Temperature
Cloud Type
Convection Initiation
Enhanced "V"/Overshooting Top Detection
Hurricane Intensity
Imagery: All-Weather / Day - Night
Surface Albedo
Surface Emissivity
Vegetation Fraction
Vegetation Index
Atmospheric Vertical Moisture Profile
Atmospheric Vertical Temperature Profile
Capping Inversion Information
Currents
Ocean Color
Ocean Optical Properties
Ocean Turbidity
Sea & Lake Ice / Displacement & Direction
Sea & Lake Ice / Age
Sea & Lake Ice / Concentration
Sea & Lake Ice / Extent & Characterization
Derived Stability Indices
Moisture Flux
Pressure Profile
Total Precipitable Water
Total Water Content
Clear Sky Masks
Radiances
Absorbed Shortwave Radiation
Downward Longwave Radiation
Flood / Standing Water
Land Surface (Skin) Temperature
Solar Imagery: X-Ray
Microburst Wind Speed Potential
Fire / Hot Spot Imagery
HES – Hyperspectral
Environmental Suite
Sea & Lake Ice / Extent & Edge
Sea & Lake Ice / Surface Temp
Sea & Lake Ice / Motion
Sea & Lake Ice / Thickness
Ice Cover / Landlocked
Snow Cover
Snow Depth
Sea Surface Temps
Energetic Heavy Ions
Mag Electrons & Protons: Low Energy
Mag Electrons & Protons: Med & High Energy
Solar & Galactic Protons
Solar Flux: EUV
Solar Flux: X-Ray
Downward Solar Insolation
Reflected Solar Insolation
Upward Longwave Radiation
CO Concentration
Ozone Total
SO2 Detection
Derived Motion Winds
Lightning Detection
Low Cloud & Fog
Turbulence
Visibility
Geomagnetic Field
ABI – Advanced
Baseline Imager
Dust/Aerosol
Probability of Rainfall
Rainfall Potential
Rainfall Rate
SEISS – Space Env.
In-Situ Suite
SIS – Solar
Instrument Suite
GLM – GOES
Lightning Mapper
Magnetometer
Sounder Comparison
(GOES-Current to HES-Req)
Current
Requirement
CONUS/hr
Sounding Disk/hr
- Sampling Distance
10 km
10 km
- Individual Sounding
30-50 km
10 km
Vertical resolution
~3 km
1 km
Temperature
2 deg. K
1 deg. K
Relative Humidity
20%
10%
Coverage Rate
Horizontal Resolution
Accuracy
HES
• The Hyperspectral Environmental Suite (HES)
will be located on a geostationary platform.
– 2013
– NOAA operational
– Currently in formulation phase
• HES is an outgrowth of earlier ABS efforts
– HES includes the functionality of the old Advanced
Baseline Sounder (ABS)
– HES has been expanded to include other capabilities
for environmental monitoring employing the improved
temporal resolution from GEO.
• Coastal Ocean
• Open Ocean
• Land
HES-IR Tasks
• HES - Disk Sounding (HES-DS)
– Provide vertical moisture and temperature information,
and other environmental data that will be used by NOAA
and other public and private agencies to produce routine
meteorological analyses and forecasts
– Provide data that may be used to extend knowledge and
understanding of the atmosphere and its processes in order to
improve short/long-term weather forecasts.
• HES - Severe Weather / Mesoscale (HES-SW/M)
– Provide environmental data that can be used to expand
knowledge of mesoscale and synoptic scale storm
development and provide data that may be used to help in
forecasting severe weather events.
– Backup mode in the event of a GOES-R ABI failure (both).
HES-Disk Sounding (HES-DS) task
• Spatial Resolution
– IR: Threshold=10 km, Goal=2 km,
– Vis: Threshold=1.0 km, Goal= 0.5 km
• Coverage rate (Threshold)
– 62 degree LZA / hour
at 10 km resolution
• Coverage area must
be flexible and selectable.
HES-Severe Weather/Mesoscale task
• Spatial Resolution
– IR: Threshold=4 km, Goal=2 km,
– Vis: Threshold=1.0 km, Goal= 0.5 km
• Coverage rate
– 1000 km x 1000 km (locations vary) in 4.4 minutes
– Coverage area must be flexible and selectable.
• Spectral coverage:
– Specific examples are cited in the MRD, same as HES-DS
• Spectral resolution:
– 15 um CO2 band: 0.6 cm-1, Windows: 0.6-1.0 cm-1, Ozone:
1 cm-1,
H2O: 1-2 cm-1, near 4 um: 2.5 cm-1, Visible:
0.18 um
IR Spectral Coverage (DS or SW/M)
IR Spectral Coverage (DS or SW/M)
0.625 cm-1
Example 1
0.625cm-1
Example 2
0.625 cm-1
HES’
HES 1.25cm-1
0.6 cm-1
2.5cm-1
0.6 cm-1
O
z
o
n
e
C
O
2
“Traditional Side of
H2O absorption”
(T)
Important lines
for cloud
emissivity and
cloud type
5
Note that
CO N2O
Temperature
CO2 weak H2O
Much improved
spatial coverage with
the HES Sounder
Current GOES Sounder
coverage in one hour
GOES-R HES
Sounder coverage in
one hour
Cloud Top Pressure
CIMSS
Hyperspectral Environmental Suite
Coastal Waters
• Coastal Water (CW) Imaging
– Coastal Waters within 400 km
– Vis Spatial resolution 300 m
– Spectral Range 0.4 m - 1.0 m
– 180 minutes hour refresh rate
– Can look over land also
•
•
•
•
Air quality applications
Locate many tornado tracks
Flood extent
Hurricanes
HES-CW coverage without cloud mask information from the ABI
Default schedule might be to scan along entire coast.
HES-CW coverage with cloud mask information from the ABI
Cloud mask from ABI would suggest to not scan over cloudy
regions and hence other regions could be scanned.
Real-time, autonomous test on February 5th
From Dan Mandl, NASA
Estimated (required) coverage times of typical
areas at various spatial resolutions for the HES
Table 2a. HES-Severe Weather/Mesoscale (SW/M) coverage rates.
Table 2b. HES-Disk Sounder (DS) coverage rates.
Table 2c. HES-Coastal Waters (CW) coverage rates.
Other important inputs for HES data collection
locations could be: NWP, sounding instability,
ABI cloud mask, NPOESS, operator, etc.
Sample GOES-R 3-hour schedule for the ABI and (1 telescope design) HES
MSS = Mesoscale Scans
from the ABI
MS = HES-Sounder
mesoscale
mode
FD = Full imaging disk
scan
FSD = Full “sounding”
disk scan
Time
(UTC)
ABI
HESSounder
12:45
12:50
12:55
13:00
13:05
13:10
13:15
13:20
13:25
13:30
13:35
13:40
13:45
13:50
13:55
14:00
14:05
14:10
14:15
14:20
14:25
14:30
14:35
14:40
14:45
14:50
14:55
15:00
15:05
15:10
15:15
15:20
15:25
15:30
15:35
15:40
15:45
15:50
15:55
16:00
FD
FD
FD
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
FD
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
FD
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
FD
FD
FD
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
FD
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
FD
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
FD
FD
FD
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
FD
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
FD
CONUS+MSS
CONUS+MSS
FD
FD
FD
CONUS+MSS
10km-CONUS
HES-CW
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
10km-CONUS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
10km-CONUS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
CW area
4km-MS
10km-CONUS
4km-MS
Land mode (1200kmx1200km)
Visible image example
• Visible image to show the cloud cover (GOES-East Example).
• What follows is a HES example coverage loop.
HES-Sounding simulation at 10 km
20:45 UTC
HES-Coastal Waters
20:55 UTC
HES-Sounding at 4 km
21:00 UTC
HES-Coastal Waters
21:05 UTC
HES-Sounding 4 km
21:10 UTC
HES-Coastal Waters
21:15 UTC
HES-Sounding 4 km
21:20 UTC
HES-Coastal Waters
21:25 UTC
HES-Sounding 4 km
21:30 UTC
HES-Coastal Waters
21:35 UTC
HES-Sounding 4 km
21:40 UTC
HES-Sounding 10 km
21:45 UTC
GOES-R
The great amount of information from the GOES-R series will
both offer a continuation of current product and services, and
also allow for improved or new capabilities.
These products, based on validated requirements, will cover a wide
range of phenomena. This includes applications relating to: weather,
ocean, coastal zones, land, hazards, solar and space.
The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI), the Hyperspectral
Environmental Suite (HES), the Geostationary Lightning Mapper
(GLM), the space and solar instrument suites (Solar Imaging Suite
(SIS) and the Space Environment In-Situ Suite (SEISS) on GOES-R
will enable much improved monitoring compared to current
capabilities.
http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/hes/
http://osd.goes.noaa.gov/
http://www.osd.noaa.gov/
http://goespoes.gsfc.nasa.gov/goesr_industry.htm
Fourth GOES-R Users’ Conference:
• May 1-3 2006:
– Location: Broomfield CO
– Will focus on User Readiness
–For more info:
•http://www.osd.noaa.gov/announcement/index.htm
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