Transcript Classifying Matter

Classifying
Matter
-Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.
-Basically, stuff.
-The building block of matter is the atom.
Classifying Matter
Element
Compound
-a pure substance.
-a pure substance
-made up of the same
atoms.
-2 or more elements
chemically bonded
-if it’s on the periodic
table, it’s an element.
-chemical sounding
-can be separated by
physical means.
Examples:
Examples:
-sodium chloride
-soil
-hydrogen peroxie
-solution of salt water
-Iron III oxide
-gold necklace
Examples:
-Vanadium
-Technicium
-Tungsten
-isopropyl alcohol
Mixture
-2 or more substances
mixed together.
Compounds
• Ionic Bond:
– Metal to nonmetal is
always an ionic bond.
– Metals are to the left of
the staircase line on the
periodic table (except
hydrogen).
– The metal will always be
first in the formula or
name of the compound.
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NaCl
CuO
Iron II chloride
Potassium phosphate
• Covalent Bond:
– Nonmetal to nonmetal
bond.
– Tend to have numeric
prefixes in the name.
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Carbon dioxide
Water
PCl3
N2O4
Mixtures
• Homogeneous:
– Look the same throughout.
– Solutions are ALWAYS
homogeneous mixtures.
• Usually separated by
distillation or
chromatography.
– Metal alloys tend to be
homogeneous mixtures.
– Examples:
• Orange juice (no pulp)
• Koolaid
• Gold necklace
• Heterogeneous:
– Look different throughout.
– See layers.
– Usually separated by
filtration.
– Examples:
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Oil & vinegar dressing
Salad
Soil
Rocky road ice cream
Classify…..be specific:
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1. Sodium bicarbonate
2. Water
3. Soil
4. Solution of sugar water
5. Phosphorous trichloride
6. Carbon Dioxide
7. Rocky Road Ice Cream
8. Alcohol lol
9. Pure Air
10. Calcium Gluconate
Properties/Changes of Matter
• Physical
– A property that can be
observed without changing
the identity of a substance.
• Melting point, boiling
point, etc.
• Solubility
• Luster, ductility,
malleability.
• Color
• Density (mass/volume)
– A change that occurs
without changing the
chemical identity of the
substance.
• Any phase change (boiling,
freezing, etc.).
• Dissolving
• Chemical
– A property that can only be
observed by changing the
chemical identity of a
substance.
• Flammability
• Ability to rust
• Ability to tarnish
– A change that occurs and
changes the chemical
identity of the substance.
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Combustion
Rusting or Tarnishing
Rotting or Souring
Any chemical reaction
Color change.
The creation of a new
substance in a reaction is
always chemical.
Identify: Physical of Chemical Change
• Moderate
particle motion
• Moderate
average kinetic
energy
• Moderate
particle bonding
GAS STATE
• Very little
particle motion
• Very little
average kinetic
energy
• Tightly packed
particle bonding
LIQUID
SOLID STATE
Kinetic Theory of Matter
• Fast particle
motion
• High average
kinetic energy
• No particle
bonding
Phase Change Diagrams