Transcript Patronato 16-diciembre-2002 - Universidad Pontificia Comillas

Madrid SESSA Conference “Investment for sustainability”
19 – 20 May, 2005
Friday 20 May: Assessment of opportunities in relation with a
sustainable energy future for the EU
Second session: International cooperation to achieve universal
access to electricity
OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
FOR ENERGY ACTIVITIES.
A perspective from the NGO’s
Julio Lumbreras. Ingeniería sin Fronteras
LINK ENERGY - POVERTY
Poverty and access to electricity
• Correlation between access to electricity and poverty
• Exceptions: China, Egypt, Mongol, Kenya, Tanzania, Botswana,
South Africa, Morocco
LINK ENERGY - POVERTY
Human development index and electricity access
• Greater correlation within low development countries according to
the HDI
• Higher slope in these cases
LINK ENERGY - POVERTY
Human development index and per capita consumption
• As a consequence, the more development the more per capita consumption
(8520 kWh/year vs. 1022 for medium vs. 218 for low)
• Exceptions: Norway, Iceland, Kuwait, Qatar, United Arab Emirates, Vanuatu
DAC ODA
Bilateral and multilateral aid
• Fluctuation between years both in the quantity and type
(mainly more multilateral than bilateral)
• The total mean value is around 5400 MUS $
• Bilateral is 2560 (6.5 % of total ODA)
DAC ODA. MULTILATERAL
Multilateral aid. Agencies distribution
- Af+As DB+DF: African and Asian Development Bank + D. Fund
- EC: European Commission
- WB: World Bank
- ID B+F: Interamerican Bank + Fund
- UN: United Nations
DAC ODA. MULTILATERAL
Multilateral aid. Sectoral distribution
• More than 50% average leading to politic aspects (58%)
• Around 11% for non renewables and 7.5% for renewables
• 1/3 dedicated to electricity transmission
DAC ODA. MULTILATERAL
Multilateral aid. Geographical distribution
• 6% for Europe
• 17% for Africa
• 35% for America
• 41 % for Asia
DAC ODA. BILATERAL
Bilateral aid. Quality
• 33% non reimbursable (grants)
• 66% reimbursable (loans)
• 14% tied
DAC ODA. BILATERAL
Bilateral aid. Principal donors
- 58% Japan
- 14.6% United States
- 8.5% Germany
4.2% UK
1.8% Spain
DAC ODA. BILATERAL
Bilateral aid. Sectorial distribution
• 9.6% to politic aspects (58%)
• Around 36.8% for non renewables and 25.9% for renewables
• 23% to electricity transmission
DAC ODA. BILATERAL
Bilateral aid. Geographical distribution
- 13% for Europe
- 5.5% for America
- 1.7% Oceania
- 12% for Africa
- 68 % for Asia
SPANISH ODA. BILATERAL
Bilateral aid. Quality of aid
• 10.1% non reimbursable (grants)
• 89.9% reimbursable (loans)
• 83.4% tied
Bilateral aid. DAC
SPANISH ODA. BILATERAL
versus Spain
SPANISH ODA. BILATERAL
Bilateral aid. Sectoral distribution
• Around 78% for non renewables
• 19% for renewables
• 3% for politics and research
SPANISH ODA. BILATERAL
Bilateral aid. Geographical distribution
- 7% for Europe
- 40.7% for America
- 0.7% Oceania
- 38% for Africa
- 13.7 % for Asia