Transcript Robotics
Robotics When You Hear the Word “Robot”, what do you imagine? Definition of “Robot” • According to The Robot Institute of America (1979) : "A reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move materials, parts, tools, or specialized devices through various programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks." Real Robots Some That You Can Experiment With So, What Is a Robot? • A device that moves and responds to sensory input. • Robota is the Czech word for forced labor • Robotics introduced by writer Isaac Asimov: I, Robot – A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. – A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law. – A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law Artificial Intelligence • The branch of computer science concerned with making computers behave like humans. – games playing: programming computers to play games such as chess and checkers – expert systems : programming computers to make decisions in real-life situations – natural language : programming computers to understand natural human languages – neural networks : Systems that simulate intelligence by attempting to reproduce the types of physical connections that occur in animal brains – robotics : programming computers to “see” and “hear” and react to other sensory stimuli So, How Does It Work? Agents • What is an agent? • Perceives environment using sensors – Acts on environment with actuators • Percepts – Agent’s inputs at any given time Agents? Sensors and Actuators • Sensors receive: camera and video images, keyboard input, etc. • Actuators act on the environment: – Robotic arm, wheel movement etc. Up To Date Autonomous Flying Robot at UC, Irvine Millipede Project at Nanyang University More Current Projects Robotic Lawn Mower Prototype by the Robot Shop Projects cont. Ecological Data Collection EME Systems Undersea Research Harbor Branch Institute JP Aerospace Test Launch Mars Rover More About Movement How IR Works • Infra means below: infra-red is light that has a lower frequency, or longer wavelength than red light • Infrared light is used to illuminate the robot's path and determine when the light reflects off an object • Used: detect black and white, distance of objects, ovoid objects and ledges Think Headlights • When light from headlights reflects off of obstacles, your eyes detect the obstacles any your brain processes them and makes your body move the car • Infrared LEDs emit light • If light reflects off of an obstacle, then the infrared receiver “sees” the reflected light • The bot can then “decide” what to do Examples LEGO Mindstorms Robotics Invention System 2.0 So You Want To Be a Robot? I Need A Volunteer On With The Show